BOT3015 CH10

C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O

According the the generalized equation for photosynthesis, 6CO2 + 12H20 + light energy and chlorophyll yields which of the following? A. C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O B. 2CH2O + O2 C. 2CH2O + ATP D. CH2O + O2 + H2O

Salicin

Aspirin precursor

ATP

Cells are constantly producing the short lived __________ molecules, which supply energy to perform most metabolic tasks at a cellular level.

hot; oxygen

Despite its cost, C4 metabolism is advantageous to plants in __________, dry climates as it offsets the loss of carbon to __________.

Yes

Do C4 and CAM plants also use C3 photosynthesis?

sunlight

During photosynthesis, components from the air we breathe and water combine into sugars using energy from A. sunlight B. random molecular movement C. sound D. heat

electrons are removed from an atom or molecule.

During the breakdown of small organic molecules, oxidation occurs when A. electrons are removed from an atom or molecule. B. electrons are added to an atom or molecule C. protons are removed from an atom or molecule. D. protons are added to an atom or molecule

closed ;carbon dioxide

During the day, when their stomata are __________, CAM plants decarboxylate the organic acids stored at night, and release __________ __________.

NADPH

During the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis, water molecules are split, oxygen gas is released, and ATP is created. One other product is made that is used in the light-independent reactions. What is it? A. NAD B. NADPH C. CO2

water

For photosynthesis to proceed, a green plant required CO2 from the atmosphere, __________, and light energy to produce sugars.

The green range

Green leaves absorb about 80% of the visible light that they intercept. The light in the violet to blue and orange to red ranges are especially useful for photosynthesis. Which wavelengths are reflected? A. The green range B. The ultraviolet range C. The yellow range D. The infrared range

CAM plants close their stomata during the day and open them at night.

How do CAM plants avoid water loss? A. CAM plants live only in moist, cool areas. B. CAM plants close their stomata during the day and open them at night. C. CAM plants have a tap root, which places water as quickly at it is lost. D. CAM plants are succulents, so they contain such a high percentage of water that the sheer amount of water in the system prevents evaporation.

mesophyll; bundle-sheath

In C4 plants, __________ cell perform C4 photosynthesis while__________-__________ cells perform C3 photosynthesis.

The Calvin cycle

In which part of photosynthesis does RuBP combine with CO2 to make 3-phosphoglyceric acid? A. Electron transport B. The Krebs cycle C. The Calvin cycle

ammonia

Inside chloroplasts, nitrates are converted into __________, which becomes incorporated in amino acids such as aspartic acid and glutamine.

Photorespiration

Light intensities and temperatures can get too high for optimal photosynthesis. Under these conditions, plants will switch from photosynthesis to which "wasteful" process that does not fix carbon into sugar? A. Cellular respiration B. Photorespiration

Quinine

Malaria treatment

ATP; NADPH

Phosphorylation produces __________, which stores chemical energy that can be used for the Calvin cycle. Carbon fixation also requires reducing power, which is provided by __________ produced by photosystem I.

Chemiosmosis

Plastoquinone molecules shuttle electrons through the thylakoid membrane, setting up a proton gradient. What process is working as the protons move back through the membrane, generating ATP? A. Photolysis B. Chemiosmosis C. Electron transport

Rubber

Rubber bands, tires, and other commercial products

C3; 3

The Calvin cycle is also known as __________ photosynthesis because the first molecule produced as a molecule of CO2 is fixed, is a compound with __________ carbon atoms.

Water

The oxygen produced by plants during photosynthesis comes from the splitting of __________ molecules.

False

True or false: When electron is added to a molecule, the molecule is oxidized.

Camphor

Used in medicinal oils and disinfectants

photolysis

What do you call the process of water being split in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis? A. photooxidation B. photolysis C. photorespiration D. photophosphorylation

One or more electrons are added to the atom or molecule.

What happens during the reduction of an atom or molecule. A. One or more protons are removed from the atom or the molecule. B. One or more protons are added to the atom or the molecule. C. One or more electrons are removed from the atom or molecule. D. One or more electrons are added to the atom or molecule.

PEP carboxylase

What is the name of the enzyme that catalyzes the addition of CO2 to a molecule of phosphoenolpyruvate? A. CAM B. Rubisco C. PEP carboxylase

When an atom or molecule is oxidized, the electron that is removed is transferred to another atom or molecule, which is thereby reduced.

What occurs during an oxidation-reduction reaction? A. When an atom or molecule is reduced, the electron that is removed is transferred to another atom or molecule, that is thereby oxidized. B. When an atom or molecule is oxidized, the electron that is removed is transferred to another atom or molecule, which is thereby reduced.

Chlorophyll a & Chlorophyll b

Which of the following are used by green plants to absorb light energy (Select all that apply)? A. Chlorophyll c B. Chlorophyll a C. Chlorophyll b D. Xanthophyll b E. Chloroplast c

ATP; NADPH; CO2

Which of the following are used to synthesize carbohydrates in photosynthesis (Select all that apply)? A. NADH B. ATP C. NADPH D. CO2

A corn plant

Which of the following is NOT a plant that performs CAM photosynthesis? A. A cactus B. A bromeliad C. A corn plant D. An orchid

In happens in plants with Kranz anatomy.; PEP carboxylase is the first carbon fixing enzyme in the process.; A 4-carbon compound is the first stable product.

Which of these are characteristics of C4 photosynthesis (Select all that apply)? A. In happens in plants with Kranz anatomy. B. PEP carboxylase is the first carbon fixing enzyme in the process. C. By using C4 photosynthesis, plants completely circumvent the Calvin cycle. D. A 4-carbon compound is the first stable product. E. Rates of photorespiration are very high in C4 plants at high temperature.

H2O; CO2; light energy

Which of these are necessary ingredients for photosynthesis? A. H2O B. CO2 C. O2 D. light energy E. glucose

It uses oxygen and releases carbon dioxide.; The rate goes up as temperature increases.; It may help some plants survive under adverse conditions.

Which of these statements is true about photorespiration (Select all that apply)? A. It bleaches spots on the leaves. B. It uses oxygen and releases carbon dioxide. C. The rate goes up as temperature increases. D. It may help some plants survive under adverse conditions. E. It uses carbon dioxide and produces oxygen.

The first stable substance produced is a 3 Carbon compound.; NADPH and ATP produced during the light-dependent reactions supply electrons and energy.; CO2 from the air and RuBP are combined.; Through several steps, glucose is synthesized

Which of these steps occur during the Calvin cycle? A. Chemical bonds in sugars are broken, and energy stored in those bonds is harvested for use in cellular process. B. The first stable substance produced is a 3 Carbon compound. C. NADPH and ATP produced during the light-dependent reactions supply electrons and energy. D. Oxygen is produced from splitting water. E. CO2 from the air and RuBP are combined. F. Through several steps, glucose is synthesized G. The first stable substance produced is the 6-carbon sugar, glucose

Visible light

Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum provides the right kind of energy for photosynthesis to occur? A. Radio waves B. Infrared C. Microwaves D. Visible light

The light-dependent reactions

Which phase of photosynthesis is initiated when light energy strikes chlorophyll? A. The light-independent reactions B. The light-dependent reactions

Metabolism refers to the sum of all chemical reactions that occur within an organism

Which statement describes metabolism? A. Metabolism refers to the effects of pH, temperature, and allosteric substances on enzymes. B. Metabolism refers only to reactions that harvest energy by breaking down molecules. C. Metabolism refers to the sum of all chemical reactions that occur within an organism. D. Metabolism refers only to reactions that expand energy to build molecules.

Respiration

While photosynthesis stores energy in the chemical bonds of sugar, cellular __________ is the process by which stored energy is released from sugars and used to make ATP.

Because the first molecule into which the inorganic CO2 are fixed has 3 carbon atoms

Why is the Calvin cycle known as C3 photosynthesis? A. Because three CO2 molecules are needed to run the cycle once. B. Because three molecules of 3GP are made in one run of the cycle. C. Because the net products of the Calvin Cycle are three molecules of glucose. D. Because the first molecule into which the inorganic CO2 is fixed has 3 carbon atoms.

sun

With very few expectations, all energy that enters biological systems ultimately comes from the __________.