Brachial Plexus

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what two nerves come directly off brachial plexus nerve roots?

dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5) and long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7)

the long thoracic nerve innervates which axillary muscles?

serratus anterior

the nerve to subclavius innervates which axillary muscles?

subclavian

the upper subscapular nerve innervates which axillary muscles?

subscapularis

which nerves originate directly from the superior trunk?

suprascapular (C5-C6) and nerve to subclavius (C5-C6)

the suprascapular nerve innervates which axillary muscles?

supraspinatus and infraspinatus

the anterior divisions of which trunks form the medial cord?

the inferior trunk

C5 innervates which cords?

the lateral and posterior cords

C6 innervates which cords?

the lateral and posterior cords

C7 innervates which cords?

the lateral and posterior cords

the middle trunk splits into two divisions; into which cords do these divisions incorporate?

the lateral and posterior cords

the superior trunk splits into two divisions; into which cords do these divisions incorporate?

the lateral and posterior cords

which nerves originate directly from the lateral cord?

the lateral pectoral nerve (C5-C7)

C7 innervates which cords?

the lateral, posterior, and medial cords (all)

C8 innervates which cords?

the medial and posterior cords

T1 innervates which cords?

the medial and posterior cords

the inferior trunk splits into two divisions; into which cords do these divisions incorporate?

the medial and posterior cords

C8 innervates which cords?

the posterior and medial cords

T1 innervates which cords?

the posterior and medial cords

the anterior divisions of which trunks form the lateral cord?

the superior and middle trunks

C5 innervates which trunks?

the superior trunk

what is the name of the trunk that is a combination of C5 and C6?

the superior trunk

the posterior divisions of which trunks form the posterior cord?

the superior, middle, and inferior trunks (all three)

which nerves originate directly from the posterior cord?

upper subscapular (C5-C6), thoracodorsal (C6-C8), and lower subscapular (C5-C6)

injury to radial nerve at the axillary region would cause?

weakness trying to push something away from arm, difficulty extending the wrist, fingers and opening the hand; "wrist drop" (can result from improper use of crutches)

the dorsal scapular nerve is innervated by which spinal cord rami?

C4 and C5

the axillary branch is innervated by which spinal rami?

C5 and C6

the long thoracic nerve is innervated by which spinal cord rami?

C5, C6, and C7

the musculocutaneous branch is innervated by which spinal rami?

C5, C6, and C7

the median branch is innervated by which spinal rami?

C5-C8, T1 (all)

the radial branch is innervated by which spinal rami?

C5-C8, T1 (all)

the ulnar branch is innervated by which spinal rami?

C7, C8, and T1

a lesion to the superior trunk would lead to what condition and what clinical presentation?

Erb's palsy; "waiter's tip" (includes abducted and medially rotated arm; pronation and extension at the elbow)

a lesion to the inferior trunk would lead to what condition and what clinical presentation?

Klumpke's palsy; "claw hand" (includes extremely extended wrist posture [wrist extensors are unopposed]; joints between hand and finger bones hyperextended, joints between finger segments flexed [intrinsic muscles of hand are unopposed])

the lower subscapular nerve innervates which axillary muscles?

Teres major and subscapularis

what nerves and muscles are affected by a lesion to the superior trunk?

affected nerves = axillary, suprascapular, musculocutaneous, and radial; affected muscles = deltoid, teres minor, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, elbow flexors, brachioradialis, and supinator

what nerves and muscles are affected by a lesion to the inferior trunk?

affected nerves = median and ulnar; affected muscles = ???

the posterior cord gives rise to which branches of the brachial plexus?

axillary and radial branches

injury to thoracodorsal nerve would cause?

innervation to latissimus dorsi; cannot raise trunk with upper limb (as in climbing)

injury to long thoracic nerve would cause?

innervation to serratus anterior; winging of scapula; cannot raise arms above 90 degrees

the thoracodorsal nerve innervates which axillary muscles?

latissimus dorsi

the dorsal scapular nerve innervates which axillary muscles?

levator scapulae, rhomboid minor, and rhomboid major

which nerves originate directly from the medial cord?

medial pectoral (C8, T1), medial brachial cutaneous (T1), and medial antebrachial cutaneous (C8, T1)

the medial cord gives rise to which branches of the brachial plexus?

median and ulnar branches

C8 gives rise to which branches of the brachial plexus?

median, radial, and ulnar branches

T1 gives rise to which branches of the brachial plexus?

median, radial, and ulnar branches

the inferior trunk gives rise to which branches of the brachial plexus?

median, radial, and ulnar branches

the lateral cord gives rise to which branches of the brachial plexus?

musculocutaneous and median branches

C5 gives rise to which branches of the brachial plexus?

musculocutaneous, axillary, median, and radial branches

C6 gives rise to which branches of the brachial plexus?

musculocutaneous, axillary, median, and radial branches

the superior trunk gives rise to which branches of the brachial plexus?

musculocutaneous, axillary, median, and radial branches

the middle trunk gives rise to which branches of the brachial plexus?

musculocutaneous, axillary, median, radial, and ulnar branches (all)

C7 gives rise to which branches of the brachial plexus?

musculocutaneous, median, radial, and ulnar branches

the lateral pectoral nerve innervates which axillary muscles?

pectoralis major

the medial pectoral nerve innervates which axillary muscles?

pectoralis major and pectoralis minor


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