Bruh all of world 1

Governments create unequal societies.

Which statement best characterizes the ideas of Voltaire? People are naturally reasonable. People are naturally selfish and violent. Governments create unequal societies. Government should be separate from religion.

only French Protestants

Who suffered when Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes? only English Catholics only French Protestants only aristocrats of all religions only poor, religious peasants

He was an Enlightenment thinker who wrote The Social Contract which said that government is a contract between rulers and the people.

Who was Jean-Jacques Rousseau?

A French political philosopher whose major work, The Spirit of Laws, was a major contribution to political theory.

Who was Montesquieu?

After conquering China, the Mongols created the Han Dynasty. Ming Dynasty. Song Dynasty. Yuan Dynasty.

Yuan Dynasty.

sharia law

____ ___ = islamic law

shinto

____ is the earliest religion practiced in japan

dutch

_____ officials agreed to kowtow to emperor. They were allowed to set up trading posts at special ports

british

_____ representatives refused kowtowing, so they were denied entry

taxes

_____ were placed on trading goods

revelations

_______ of Muhammad served as the basis of Islam

buddhism

_______ was introduced throughout japan

suffrage

__________ is the right to vote in political elections. abolition suffrage strike reform

figurehead

a leader who appears to be in charge but has no real power

samurai

a member of Japan's warrior class

bedouin

a member of the arab tribal people

moveable type

a method of printing in which individual characters are arranged in the order needed

shogun

a military leader who ruled Japan

khan

a mongol leader

When the Han dynasty conquered Korea, the Han rulers established a new government. a new religion. universities. feudalism.

a new government.

Modern democracies are founded on ideals of fairness and that everyone must follow the same laws. Which of the following established the same basic ideas in the 13th century?

Magna Carta

What might be the cargo of a ship moving from Europe to West Africa in the trans-Atlantic slave trade?

Manufactured goods from France

The Romans were polytheistic, meaning that they worshiped many gods. the Greeks. the concept of wealth. one god.

Many gods

everything in the world could be explained by logic and reason.

Scientists in ancient Greece believed that the study of science was connected to feeling and emotion. the study of science was connected to magic and mysticism. everything in the world could be explained by logic and reason. everything in the world could be explained by faith and religion.

How were Aztec chinampas constructed?

Raised plots for crops were built from mud in the lake bed with canals between them.

In which of the following cities would people have found the center of the Byzantine government in Italy?

Ravenna

the introduction.

Read a sentence from the draft of an essay about a historical turning point. During the Neolithic Revolution, irrigation was introduced, which produced larger crop yields, allowing people to store a surplus of food. The sentence would most likely be part of the introduction. the first body paragraph. the second body paragraph. the conclusion.

According to Boccaccio, what did some people believe to be the cause of the plague?

Sins

Who was at the bottom of the Aztec social order?

Slaves

What did the writings of Bartolome de Las Casas reveal about slavery in colonial Spanish America?

Slaves often fell victim to illness, injury, or death

How were slaves used by the Maya and the Aztecs?

Slaves were sometimes used as a sacrifice to the gods.

Mayan people were known for participating in which of the following activities?

Stargazing

What was one cultural contribution made by the ancient Greeks? The Greeks wrote the first pieces of literature. The Greeks were the first to create epic poems. The Greeks were the first to write dramatic plays. The Greeks created the first musical instruments.

The Greeks were the first to write dramatic plays.

The area around Palestine and Israel is referred to by Christians, Jews, and Muslims as which of the following?

The Holy Land

What cultural information does the architecture of Machu Picchu provide?

The Inca were organized to achieve complex projects.

Which of the following statements on the innovations created by ancient cultures is true?

The Incas focused on innovations in transportation, while the Aztecs focused on agriculture.

Which of the following statements accurately describes the Incan economy?

The Incas had a centrally-planned economy centered around the mita

Which of the following is an accurate statement about the Incas?

The Incas spoke Quechua and did not have a written language.

By looking at the areas depicted on the map, what observation can be made about the spread of the Islamic faith empire?

The Islamic faith expanded into areas with different languages and religions.

Which of the following Byzantine contributions formed the basis for much of medieval European law?

The Justinian Code

The hajj is a pilgrimage to what holy site?

The Kaaba in Mecca

French soldiers brought home American ideas about government and rights, including news of the Declaration of Independence. One of the ideas presented in the Declaration of Independence is equality for all. Which philosopher of the Enlightenment believed in this equality?

Rousseau

How did Rousseau differ from Voltaire?

Rousseau argued against inequality among the classes, while Voltaire argued for freedom of speech and religion.

Which of the following led to civil wars and contributed to Mali's decline?

Rules of succession

golden horde

Russia - mongols invaded russia and captured Kiev in 1240 - ruled russia for 200 years - moscow was most important principality

The tsar was quick to agree to negotiate a peace treaty to end the Russo-Japanese War mainly because Russia feared that Japan would totally crush its forces. Russia was running low on fighting resources. Russia was winning but was unsure that it could continue to win. Russia was fighting a strong military from afar.

Russia was fighting a strong military from afar.

Which correctly lists all of the belligerents in the Crimean War? Russia, the Ottoman Empire, France, and Britain Russia, France, Britain, and India Russia and the Ottoman Empire Russia, France, and Britain

Russia, the Ottoman Empire, France, and Britain

What geographical feature accounts for why camel caravans were an important innovation in trade in West Africa?

Sahara Desert

What geographical feature contributed to why North Africa developed so differently from southern Africa?

Sahara Desert

Which leader in the Crusades is revered for his acts of compassion?

Saladin

In John Locke's Second Treatise of Government, " ...the end of the law is not to abolish or restrain, but ot preserve and enlarge freedom. For in all the states of created beings, capable of laws, where there is no law, there is not freedom."

The quote supports Locke's idea that that there is a social contract between people and government.

a rise in the power of kings and queens.

The weakening of the Catholic Church's power in Europe in the 1500s and 1600s led to a decline in the power of kings and queens. a rise in the power of kings and queens. a decline in the use of standing armies. a rise in the power of legislatures across the continent.

Who held the most power in the Italian city-states?

The wealthiest people

Based on the image, how might medieval monks have contributed to learning in their time?

They copied Latin manuscripts to preserve and study ancient works.

Which of the following is a characteristic of illuminated manuscripts?

They featured decorated borders and artwork that often overshadowed the text.

Which best describes the body paragraphs of an informative essay about a turning point?

They give clear examples and offer supporting details about the turning point while citing sources.

How were the nobles and the clergy similar in medieval Europe? They were part of the church hierarchy. They had equal status in the social structure. They shared power with the monarchs. They gave peasants work and land.

They had equal status in the social structure.

Which of the following is true of the time measurement systems used by both the Aztecs and Mayans?

They had more than one calendar.

What did conquered peoples have to do in Incan society?

They had to pay a labor tax by working for the government.

How did Leonardo da Vinci's notebooks demonstrate the inventiveness of the Italian Renaissance?

They included plans for machines too advanced to be built at that time.

How did the famine and the plague affect the population of Europe in the 1300s?

They killed millions and led people to move to cities

How did native leaders hold on to power after the Spanish and Portuguese conquests?

They made alliances with the Europeans.

Why did plantation owners begin to import African slaves to work their farms?

They realized that people from Africa were more resistant to disease than Europeans were.

Why did city-states in the Delian League revolt against Athens? They resented not having a say in the government. They wanted to establish a representative democracy. They feared that Athens could not protect them from Persia. They worried that Athens would not stop an attack by Sparta.

They resented not having a say in the government.

How did most citizens of the Byzantine Empire relate to the Roman Empire?

They saw themselves as part of the Roman Empire.

How do we know the Olmecs were technologically advanced?

They used latex from trees to create rubber.

What is the best description of the Conservatives?

They wanted few changes.

Which statement best describes the roads of the Roman Empire? They had to be built with stones provided by Rome. They were constructed to move the Roman military. They were reserved mainly for civilians, not troops. They made it difficult to govern land Rome controlled.

They were constructed to move the Roman military.

What contributed to the rise of the Soninke people over their neighbors?

They were expert horsemen.

Major city-states in eastern and western Africa frequently shared successful trading as a foundation. What characteristics of their locations would make this possible?

They were located near or along important and lucrative trade routes.

How did the lives of peasants change under the government of Wu Di?

They were required to work for the government one month per year.

Which of the following describes the rights and legal standing of a European villein?

They worked the land on behalf of their lord but did not receive wages.

Europe wanted to put Louis XVI back in power.

What was the major reason radicals were so angry? Europe wanted to put Louis XVI back in power. Though wages were increasing, so were prices.. They wanted women and men to be able to vote. The revolution became more and more violent.

Greek

What was the official language of the Byzantine empire?

How did Huayna Capac's decision to divide the Incan empire between two of his sons contribute to its downfall?

Civil war between the two sides weakened the military.

Use the image of a building in Rome below to answer the following question: An image shows a building in Italy with several stone columns lining the front entrance of the building. © DK Images/Image Quest 2012 The styles shown in the Renaissance architecture above were influenced by which of the following?

Classical traditions

What caused the downfall of Ghana?

Climate change and Berber battles

Who was the first king to unite the Franks under one rule?

Clovis I

Look at the diagram below. English Influences on American Govermenet Which of these best completes the empty box to the right? Army Navy Common Law Judges

Common Law

less powerful.

Compared to other monarchs in Europe, kings and queens in England before 1600 were more powerful. less powerful. more democratic. less interested in ruling.

What conclusion can be drawn about the people of Athens based on the chart? Only men were allowed to become citizens. Only about half the population were citizens. Free non-citizens outnumbered enslaved persons and citizens combined. Compared to the whole population, a small number could vote.

Compared to the whole population, a small number could vote.

Which works demonstrate that the Chavín civilization was highly organized?

Complex drainage systems to keep structures from flooding

What influenced the Japanese belief that merchants did not contribute much to society?

Confucianism

Which Chinese philosophy had a major influence in shaping the values of medieval Japan?

Confucianism

Which of the following was not a primary concern of Charlemagne?

Conquering the Norse-held lands of Sweden and Denmark

Who was the first Christian Roman emperor? Constantine Pontius Pilate Diocletian Herod

Constantine

Which describes a difference in the rule of Constantine and Diocletian? Constantine appeased foreign invaders by giving them land, while Diocletian went on the offensive to stop the attacks. Constantine divided the empire into western and eastern halves, while Diocletian further split the country into four regions. Constantine divided the empire and shared emperor duties, while Diocletian reunited the empire and served as sole ruler. Constantine reunited the empire and served as sole ruler, while Diocletian divided the empire and shared emperor duties.

Constantine reunited the empire and served as sole ruler, while Diocletian divided the empire and shared emperor duties.

From what city did Belisarius and his army originally set sail to make their attack on the Vandal Kingdom?

Constantinople

Which of the following was considered the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire?

Constantinople

wine, gold, silk, ivory

What were luxury items traded in constantinople?

had absolute power.

When Louis XIV said, "I am the state," he meant that he had absolute power. was no longer king. had decided to change his name. no longer believed in God.

1600's and 1700's

When did the Enlightenment movement occur?

Scholars revived an interest in classical ideas.

Which change occurred during the Renaissance? Islamic mathematicians developed algebra. Scholars revived an interest in classical ideas. Scientists used the astrolabe to map the stars. Greeks made early contributions to geometry.

moscow

Which city was loyal to the mongols and therefore given more power?

Which statement best characterizes the ideas of Voltaire? People are naturally reasonable. People are naturally selfish and violent. Governments create unequal societies. Government should be separate from religion.

Government should be separate from religion.

The statement that best characterizes the ideas of Jean-Jacques Rousseau is

Governments create unequal societies

Which statement best characterizes the ideas of Jean-Jacques Rousseau?

Governments create unequal societies.

The total area of Alexander III's empire stretched from Greece to the Indus River. Macedonia to the Black Sea. Macedonia to the Persian Gulf. Greece to the Mediterranean Sea.

Greece to the Indus River.

Which of the following had the greatest influence on early Roman culture? Christianity Egyptian practices Greek civilization Judaism

Greek civilization

Roman religion was adapted from the Carthaginians. Egyptians. Greeks. Germans.

Greeks.

Rome was strongly influenced by the culture of the Sumerians. Germans. Greeks. Assyrians.

Greeks.

to demand women's suffrage

What is the most likely reason for the march? to protest slavery to demand workers' rights to demand women's suffrage to protest child labor

They wanted to protect the rights that had been won with the Magna Carta.

What is the most likely reason why some members of Parliament opposed James I? They thought that Parliament should do away with kings and queens. They wanted to protect the rights that had been won with the Magna Carta. They believed in the right of Parliament to collect taxes. They did not want a Puritan on the throne of England.

the Napoleonic Code

What is the name of the comprehensive set of laws passed by Napoleon? the French Bill of Rights the Napoleonic Code the French Constitution the Declaration of Rights of Man

the Scientific Revolution

Which completely transformed scientific study? the Scientific Revolution the Enlightenment the Renaissance the Reformation

If a historian knew the dates of all the pyramids, what could he or she tell by comparing the 10 different styles?

Which cultures influenced each other

People are naturally selfish and violent.

Which statement best characterizes the ideas of Thomas Hobbes? People are naturally reasonable. People are naturally selfish and violent. Governments create unequal societies. Government should be separate from religion.

Parliament invited William and Mary to take the English throne on the condition that they convert to Catholicism. promise not to have children. promise to stay at home and rule from Holland. accept Parliament's limits on their power.

accept Parliament's limits on their power.

Under indirect rule, native culture was accepted to some degree. subject to cultural conversion. seen as equal to Western culture. adopted by many Westerners.

accepted to some degree.

610 CE

according to islamic beliefs, when did Muhammad receive his first revelation from God?

isolation

being separate or away from others

The working people of France were called the nobility. laborers. bourgeoisie. sans-coulotte.

bourgeoisie.

The group of Chinese peasants who resented foreign influence were called the .

boxers

A thesis statement provides organization for an informative essay by

briefly stating points that will be discussed in body paragraphs.

In their competition for power, nations raced to create alliances. build new colonies. educate their citizens. improve their quality of life.

build new colonies.

One action Napoleon took that showed he supported some Enlightenment ideals was to

build schools and universities accessible to the middle class.

When Constantine rebuilt Byzantium, it was called "New Rome" because Constantine ?

built it to resemble "Old Rome"

The main form of West African government was

bureaucracy.

The main form of West African government was democracy. bureaucracy. aristocracy. autocracy.

bureaucracy.

neighboring

by 700, Arab muslims began to conquer _____ territories

Jesus's disciples and followers spread the message of Christianity by writing the Old Testament. by co-opting Roman gods as a means of converting Romans. by influencing every religious leader in the Jewish faith. by traveling to speak to people across the Roman Empire.

by traveling to speak to people across the Roman Empire.

emperor

byzantine ________ had authority over church and state

What statement best defines the term Exodus? A. The settlement of people in a specific location. B. The belief in one god. C. The large migration of a group of people. D. The belief in multiple gods.

c. the large migration of a group of people

vikings

came first as traders then as invaders

In Europe, the foreign invaders were primarily Germanic tribes and Huns. Where did the Huns originate? central Asia modern-day Hungary the British Isles Persia

central Asia

corrupting

changing something from good to bad

imperial

characteristic of an empire or an emperor

Someone who believes in divine rule believes that God

chooses monarchs to represent him on Earth.

An Athenian education focused on preparation for the military. citizenship. homemaking. the clergy.

citizenship

Study the progression of African societies. What are the final two progressions as a trading town continues to expand?

city, then kingdom

Study the progression of African societies. What are the final two progressions as a trading town continues to expand? city, then territory territory, then province province, then city city, then kingdom

city, then kingdom

Athens and Sparta were both countries. city-states. monarchies. empires.

city-states.

Government positions under Hongwu were filled by appointment. election. civil service exams. officers in the military.

civil service exams.

The Emperor Justinian is well known for

codifying, editing, and updating Roman laws

The English document that laid the groundwork for judges in the US to rule based on precedent is known as the .

comentaries on the laws of england

Use the drop-down menus to complete the following sentences. Blackstone's Commentaries on the Law is most well know for explaining. The use ofis the use of previous rulings to develop and understanding of the law.

common law precedent

lifelike

compared with Medieval art, Renaissance art often appeared to be -unrealistic --lifelike -ordinary -religious

show the wealth of patrons

compared with Medieval art, the purpose of Renaissance art was to -support the role of patrons -support the role of the church - show the wealth of patrons -show the wealth of the church

istanbul

constantinople was named _______

During the Golden Age of Athens, male citizens had no control over how they were governed. could hold an office if they were chosen by lot. were elected to office as representative officials. took part in government only if they were wealthy.

could hold an office if they were chosen by lot.

After winning power, the National Assembly

could not agree on its goals.

comprehensive

covered completely; inclusive

Roman Inquistion

created a list of books churchgoers were forbidden to read

William Blackstone was important because he wrote the Magna Carta. led the Glorious Revolution. wrote the English Bill of Rights. created a record of common law.

created a record of common law.

One Of Baron de Montesquieu's key ideas was

creating checks and balances

One of Baron de Montesquieu's key ideas was

creating checks and balances.

During the Middle Ages, merchants, artisans, and their guilds contributed to the

creation of the middle class

The image shows a model of Tenochtitlan. Moctezuma I prevented this city from being flooded by constructing a

dam around the city

Rome began to lose territory after the Pax Romana because its military relied on untrained soldiers. expansive borders faced constant attack. stock of weapons began to run out. emperors lost control of the population.

expansive borders faced constant attack.

To support the thesis of a document-based essay, a writer must include both facts and details. charts and graphs. examples and photos. maps and quotations.

facts and details.

In ancient Rome, which family member had the most authority? mother unmarried daughter father married son

father

An important effect of the Magna Carta on English government was that it established a monarchy. gave voting rights to all citizens. reduced the rights of citizens. gave more power to the people and protected their rights.

gave more power to the people and protected their rights.

Which discipline helps us to understand the past by studying the physical features of the environment?

geography

The leader of the Athenian Empire worked to give citizens direct input into the government. create a dictatorship within the city-state. withdraw from the surrounding territories. bring together the city's elected officials.

give citizens direct input into the government.

alms

give to the poor and needy

After taking power, one action that Napoleon refused to take was to

give women the right to vote.

The Enlightenment thinkers questioned traditional ideas about

government

The Byzantine legal system is best described as a combination of government laws and local customs. religious laws and local customs. government laws and Roman customs. religious laws and Greek customs.

government laws and local customs.

The Founding Fathers of the United States were influenced by Cicero's ideas about polytheism. aqueducts. government. architecture.

government.

One effect of the Crusades was that the Catholic Church

grew in power and authority.

Each of the following was a cause of urbanization in medieval Europe except

growing threats from northern invaders

What was one notable invention during the Tang Dynasty?

gunpowder

Read this law from the Twelve Tables. 23. A person who had been found guilty of giving false witness shall be hurled down from the Tarpeian Rock. It is clear from this law that the punishment for someone not telling the truth in court was mild. harsh. unclear. trivial.

harsh.

What was one advantage of being a member of the Second Estate?

having extensive privileges

Read the opening line from a draft of an informative essay. This sentence is not effective because it is too short to include facts. it lacks information and details. it lacks an example or a quote. it does not grab a reader's attention.

it lacks information and details.

To drive out foreign influences, the main thing the Boxers did was to recruit members openly. oppose any kind of immigration. force closure of all the ports in China. kill foreigners, missionaries, and Chinese Christians.

kill foreigners, missionaries, and Chinese Christians.

Russia and Britain competed for Persia because it offered access to the Suez Canal. control of Central Asia. land and resources. industrial power.

land and resources.

The Western Church and the Eastern Church differed in what area? beliefs leadership clergy artwork

leadership

During the High Middle Ages, monasteries were considered religious centers, as well as

learning centers

The Magna Carta led to the creation of Parliament, England's executive branch. legislative branch. royal branch. judicial branch.

legislative branch.

Medieval monks filled all of the following roles for secular communities except

lending money to lords and farmers

On July 14, 1789, French citizens unhappy with the failed government reforms stormed the Bastille, a medieval fortress prison. What has this event come to represent in French history?

liberty

The Petition of Right (1628) resulted in the powers of the monarchy being limited. increased. made absolute. ended.

limited.

agriculture, few imports, high quality goods, valuable exports

list 4 Ming economy strengths

moroccan raiders conquered region, europeans established trade routes on west coast of africa

list the 2 reasons why the Songhai empire fell

trade, missionaries, military conquest

list the 3 ways of the spread of islam

shogun, daimyo, samurai, merchants and peasants

list the 4 class system of japan

faith, prayer, alms, fasting, pilgrimage

list the five pillars of islam

difficulty ruling large empire, rebellions, economy struggled

list the three reasons why the Tang dynasty fell

islam, sikhism, hinduism

list the three religions practiced by the mughals

revised

made changes to improve something

primary

main or most important

While revising an essay about a turning point, a student should

make sure the turning point is supported with clear evidence.

The Romans were polytheistic, meaning that they worshipped many gods. the Greeks. the concept of wealth. one god.

many gods.

Pythagoras was an ancient Greek

mathematician.

Pythagoras was an ancient Greek historian. mathematician. physician. ruler.

mathematician.

Who were considered citizens in ancient Athens? women men slaves all Athenians

men

The Bafuku style of government was controlled by

military warlords

christian

missionaries traveled to china to spread _____ faith

currency

money used by a country

sikhism

monotheistic religion started in india that concentrates on doing good works rather than performing rituals

third rome

moscow is known as the ____ ____

nomadic

moving from place to place rather than living in a permanent settlement

sultan

muslim ruler

ghazi

muslim warrior

Historians believe that Martin Luther announced the Ninety-Five Theses by giving a speech in a square in a small town. handing churchgoers fliers during a service. nailing a list to the door of a church in Germany. printing his beliefs in a newspaper in Wittenburg.

nailing a list to the door of a church in Germany.

yaroslov died, sons battled, mongols invaded

name the events that contributed to the decline of Kiev (in order)

increased competition for power among European states and led to imperialism.

nationalism

The focus on the visible world in Renaissance art was called naturalism. materialism. secularism. classicalism.

naturalism

Which key concept did Charles I agree to in the Petition of Right (1628)? no Parliament no hereditary monarchy no taxation without representation no state religion

no taxation without representation

According to this map, the Tang Dynasty was mostly located in

northern and eastern China

For how many years did the Reign of Terror last?

one

Allah

one important belief of islam is the belief that there is only one God, _____

The most likely message this painting sends to French citizens is that

one must be prepared to sacrifice their own children to preserve France.

khanate

one of several independent sections of the larger mongolian empire

What are the names "Judaism" and "Jew" based on? the first Jewish king a demand from God "God" in Hebrew one of the original tribes

one of the original tribes

shi'a

one of two major divisions in islam, who believe only Muhammad's closest relatives and friends should succeed him

sunni

one of two major divisions in islam, who recognize the first four caliphs as Muhammad's rightful successors

Who suffered when Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes?

only French Protestants

forbidden city

only members of court or emperor was allowed to go in home to the emperor and his family

US Secretary of State John Hay established the policy, which opened China's ports to European trade.

open door

(03.02 LC) African griots passed down the history of East, Central, and South African civilizations through

oral tradition

The keys to the success of the Mongolian military in the 1200s included a fleet of powerful ships. a single of squad of soldiers. organized troops on horseback. rifles and other advanced weapons.

organized troops on horseback.

Which of the following would Gandhi most likely embrace as a means of change? participating in a hunger strike attending a protest rally not stopping at red lights using tear gas

participating in a hunger strike

At a manor, what responsibility did the lord and the lady share? settling disputes educating children participating in mass collecting taxes

participating in mass

In Rome's legislative branch, plebeians served in the Assemblies while the Senate's members were consuls. tribunes. patricians. Greeks.

patricians.

Ten million people became after India was partitioned.

refugees

Which of the following is the best example of civil disobedience? refusing to pay taxes because you disapprove of how the money is being used by the government not paying for a shirt at the store because you feel it was a product of child labor driving through stop signs because you believe there are too many in your neighborhood protesting outside the local jail because you feel inmates are being treated unfairly

refusing to pay taxes because you disapprove of how the money is being used by the government

islamic law (sharia law)

regulates businesses and communities, family life, and moral conduct

In which spiritual concept do most Hindus believe? Four Noble Truths Eight-fold path reincarnation caste

reincarnation

During the revision phase, a writer should make sure a document-based essay includes very emotional language. various charts and graphs. several sentence fragments relevant facts and examples.

relevant facts and examples.

The Neolithic Revolution led to increased food supplies. This sentence could be improved by including

relevant facts.

What caused Egypt's troubles in the 1800s? Check all that apply. rapid industrial expansion reliance on cotton crops social reforms government spending French interference

reliance on cotton crops government spending

If the United States was to be partitioned in the same way India was, the partition would be based on economic classes. religious groupings. social castes. occupational divisions.

religious groupings.

Rome's income was mostly provided by

religious pilgrims and church business

Beginning in the 1800s, the British government appointed viceroys in India to represent the interests of the crown. command a private company army. set up trade posts and textile factories. oppose the government known as the raj.

represent the interests of the crown.

A republic is a government run by generals. kings and queens. representatives of the people. religious leaders.

representatives of the people.

The political effects of the Enlightenment was that

some monarchs embraced new ideas from the movement

A political effect of the Enlightenment was that

some monarchs embraced new ideas from the movement.

A key belief of Calvinism in the 1500s was that human beings are born free from all sins. children should not attend religious services. only priests and popes should interpret the Bible. some people are picked before birth for salvation.

some people are picked before birth for salvation.

Which was an achievement of the Roman Empire? banning the use of coins conquering the world starting a civil service posting the Twelve Tablets

starting a civil service

griots

storytellers

The Spanish Inquisition grew out of Philip II's

strong Roman Catholic beliefs.

Because of the Canal, Europeans no longer had to travel around Africa to reach Asia.

suez

orthodox

supporting traditional beliefs and customs

patrons

supports of art during the Renaissance were called -clergy -patrons -humanists -popes

A tax imposed on imported or exported goods is called a .

tariff

The British East India Company had taken over India by the 1550s. the 1650s the 1750s. the 1850s.

the 1750s.

The Constitution was drafted in 1787, after the American Revolution ended. What document preceded the Constitution in outlining the powers of the US government?

the Articles of Confederation

Who conquered the Kingdom of Judah? the Babylonians the Assyrians the Jerusalems the Persians

the Babylonians

The map shows the spread of religion across Europe in the mid-1500s. The map demonstrates that by the 1560s the Calvinist faith had spread from Switzerland to other parts of Europe. the Reformation did not have a large impact in northern Europe. the Catholic Church had lost much of its power in southern Europe. the Anglican Church had become the dominant religion across Europe.

the Calvinist faith had spread from Switzerland to other parts of Europe.

Besides isolationism, another reason why China limited trade was because

the Chinese were only interested in the gold and silver Europeans had to trade.

What caused Europe's population to increase, to provoke its interest in trade, and provided its population with large amounts of gold and silver? the Commercial Revolution the Columbian Exchange the Triangular Trade the mercantilism economy

the Columbian Exchange

The Declaration of the Rights of Man, first drafted in 1789, is a fundamental document of the French Revolution. Which US document inspired it?

the Declaration of Independence

Venice was located in an ideal position to trade with

the East

Which movement happened last in Europe?

the Enlightenment

urbanization

the Italian Renaissance spread across Europe in the late 1400's through - religion -urbanization -newspapers -farming

France

the Italian wars that began in 1494 helped spread Renaissance ideas to -Portugal -Spain -England -France

What brought an end to Islam's Golden Age?

the Mongol invasion

establishing new denominations

the Ninety-Five Theses called for many reforms, including -establishing new denominations -banning the sale of indulgences -allowing only priests to forgive sins -building palaces with church funds

arabic

the Qur'an is written in ____

an English monarch and the Catholic pope.

the Reformation in England stemmed from a difference of opinion between -an English priest and other church leaders -an English priest and one of his churchgoers. -an English monarch and the Catholic pope. -an English monarch and a German monarch.

What did the guillotine symbolize?

the Reign of Terror

Which completely transformed scientific study?

the Scientific Revolution

An example of a historical turning point is

the Scientific Revolution.

What is the traditional symbol of Judaism?

the Star of David

In China, food shortages, corruption in government, and high rates of opium addiction led to the Opium Wars. the Taiping Rebellion. the Boxer Rebellion. the Open Door Policy.

the Taiping Rebellion.

Which of these events occurred first? the Sino-Japanese War the Meiji Restoration the Treaty of Kanagawa the Tokugawa Shogunate rule

the Tokugawa Shogunate rule

grand canal

the ___ ____ connects the HuangHe and YangTze river

plague

the _____ was an important factor in the decline of the Byzantine empire

submission

the act of being obedient, or accepting the authority of another

naturalism

the artistic technique used in The Adoration of the Magi by Sandro Botticelli is best described as -naturalism -secularism -patronage -perspective

During the height of Muslim power, inventions included

the astrolabe.

For Europe, the most positive result of the Congress of Vienna was that

the balance of power was restored.

infrastructure

the basic structures that help a community function, such as roads, bridges, and canals

clans

the bedouins live in ____

Works like the autobiography of Olaudah Equiano helped expose

the brutal conditions of slavery

The Hellenistic Age began in Greece with the birth of Alexander the Great. the death of Alexander the Great. the start of the Peloponnesian War. the end of the Peloponnesian War.

the death of Alexander the Great.

The image depicts the end of the Sino-Japanese War. What does this image best depict regarding the end of the Sino-Japanese War? the surrender of the Japanese after the Sino-Japanese War the mutual farewells after signing the peace agreement following the war the different paths of China and Japan: traditional versus military dress the strength and power of the Chinese versus the humbled Japanese

the different paths of China and Japan: traditional versus military dress

rejected

the eastern church ______ the pope's authority

eastern orthodox church

the eastern church became the ______ ______ ____

patriarch

the eastern church was led by the ______ of constantinople

Because Napoleon supported many ideals of the Enlightenment and began instituting symbols and titles from the monarchy, historians later classified him as

the enlightened monarch.

Abu Bakr

the first caliph

naturalism

the focus on the visible world in Renaissance art was called -naturalism -materialism -secularism -classicalism

Many Enlightenment ideas were incorporated into

the founding documents for the United States

Qur'an

the holy book of islam

Spartan life mainly focused on education. the military. culture. citizenship.

the military

The English Bill of Rights put limits on the power of Parliament. the army. the monarchy. the judiciary.

the monarchy.

Why did the Roman Empire produce more coins? to maintain a low rate of inflation to increase individual buying power to address a high rate of inflation to fund the government and the military

to fund the government and the military

kowtow

to kneel and touch one's head to the ground as a way to display respect, especially in Asian cultures

defect

to leave a country or political organization to join a competitor

revive

to make something strong again

Why did Indians gather in Amritsar in 1919? to attend a rally celebrating Gandhi's accomplishments to demand a recount of a recent election's votes to perform a mass act of civil disobedience to protest British laws and policies

to protest British laws and policies

emerge

to rise or appear

According to Christian beliefs, Jesus was sent to Earth to to promote peace and love to save mankind from sin to inspire belief in God to unify people of the world

to save mankind from sin

diverge

to split and become different

Jesus selected twelve men to be his disciples. What was their main role? to be Jesus's confidants to stop the persecution of Christians to spread Jesus's teachings to convert Romans

to spread Jesus's teachings

The refugee crisis that occurred in India after its partition was a result of too many people trying to relocate at one time. a citizen-led protest of the partitioning. the Muslim-Hindu riots and violence. not enough land being given to Muslims.

too many people trying to relocate at one time.

helping merchants become patrons

trade spread the Italian Renaissance across Europe by -helping merchants become patrons -helping monarchs become artists -helping merchants become politicians -helping artists become patrons

Cyril and Methodius were missionaries to the Slavs who

translated the Bible into the new alphabet written for the Slavic language

Which was Peter the Great responsible for?

turning Russia into a modern, powerful nation

According to its foundation myth, Rome was founded by twin brothers. a wolf. Greek explorers. Egyptian gods.

twin brothers.

Like Rome, the United States has two houses in the legislative branch. eight praetors in the judicial branch. a list of laws called the Twelve Tables. an assembly of plebeians and soldiers.

two houses in the legislative branch.

enemies

umayyads were actually ______ of Muhammad

devout

very religious and sincere in one's faith

Kiev

vikings founded city of ____

As inflation increased and the Roman Empire experienced greater political instability, what occurred? demands for democracy calls to divide the empire violent unrest removal of mercenaries from the army

violent unrest

A peninsula is a piece of land that is surrounded by friendly countries. water on all sides. water on three sides. unfriendly countries.

water on three sides.

Nationalist movements in the Ottoman Empire helped Europe by putting Europeans at the head of new governments. opening up new trade routes in the empire. creating allies in newly formed nations. weakening the empire as a whole.

weakening the empire as a whole.

After Alexander the Great invaded Egypt, the Egyptians welcomed him and crowned him pharaoh. cut off his troops and drove him out of Africa. worked to assassinate him and take back control. embraced a new leader to undermine his authority.

welcomed him and crowned him pharaoh.

One of the geographical advantages of early Rome was the ocean that completely surrounded it. were the hills and mountains that protected it. were the friendly territories located on all sides. was the tropical weather that helped plants grow.

were the hills and mountains that protected it.

mecca and medina

what 2 cities were important trade cities?

Mecca

what city is known as the city of diverse religious beliefs? (Islam section)

cultural exchanges

what exchanges occurred in trade cities on the arabian peninsula?

Manchus

what group created the Qing dynasty?

Mecca

what is the ka'bah located?

corruption

what led to caliphate's fall?

more people began to write and read

what was the effect of the introduction of islam in west africa?

islam

what was the primary religion of Mughals?

perfume and ivory

what were luxury trade items in arabian peninsula?

286 CE

when did the roman empire split?

northern Europe

where did Italian artists and writers flee for safety during the Italian wars? - northern Europe -southern Europe -North America -South America

anatolia

where did ottoman state begin?

Damascus

where did the Umayyads move the capital to?

russia

where was the relocation of the orthodox church to?

English thinkers rejected the concept of

absolutism

Read the excerpt from an informational document. I was in the East End of London yesterday and attended a meeting of the unemployed. I listened to the wild speeches, which were just a cry for "bread, bread, bread!" and on my way home I pondered over the scene and I became more than ever convinced of the importance of imperialism. My cherished idea is a solution for the social problem, i.e., in order to save . . . the United Kingdom from a bloody civil war, we colonial statesmen must acquire new lands to settle the surplus population, to provide new markets for the goods produced by them in the factories and mines. —Cecil Rhodes, 1895 Which detail from the excerpt best supports the thesis that British imperialism was necessary to gain land for farming? "acquire new lands to settle the surplus population" "provide new markets for goods produced by them" "which were just a cry for 'bread, bread, bread'" "I was in the East End of London yesterday"

"which were just a cry for 'bread, bread, bread'"

The events of the Enlightenment

1. English Civil war comes to an end 2. Locke builds on the ideas of Hobbes 3. Montesquieu publishes Spirit of Laws 4. Rousseau publishes The Social Contract

The Hellenistic Age came to an end around 300 BCE. 100 BCE. 30 BCE. 10 BCE.

30 BCE

How much of Europe's population died from the plague in the 1300s? 20-30 percent 30-40 percent 40-50 percent 50-60 percent

30-40 percent

When did Alexander the Great take the throne? 536 BCE 436 BCE 336 BCE 236 BCE

336 BCE

Use the map of Africa below to answer the following question. Notice the scale in the lower left corner of the map, which shows that .5 inch is equivalent to 500 miles and 1 inch is equivalent to 1,000 miles. A map of the continent of Africa. Various trade routes connect kingdoms of West Africa (Mali, Ghana, and Songhai) with North Africa, Egypt, and the Arabian Peninsula. The scale shows that half an inch equals 500 miles and 1 inch equals 1,000 miles. The cities of Kumbi Saleh and Timbuktu are approximately 4 tenths of an inch apart. © 2012 The Exploration Company Based on the map, the cities of Kumbi Saleh and Timbuktu were about how far apart? (1 point)

400 miles

Democracy developed in Athens around 1,000 BCE. 500 BCE. 100 BCE. 50 BCE.

500 BCE.

Which of the following ended the post-partition fighting between Hindus and Muslims? Gandhi's protest hunger strike election of the first woman prime minister Prime Minister Nehru's reconciliation attempts Gandhi's assassination by a Hindu fanatic

Gandhi's protest hunger strike

What did Mayan stoneworkers use to decorate their buildings and other large stone structures?

Glyphs

Great Peasants Revolt

Goal of ____ ____ ____ was to take wealth away from the Roman Catholic Church.

Which of the following is true about the Mali Empire?

It was founded by Sundiata Keita

How did tax exemptions for land reclamation programs affect the central government of Japan?

It was weakened and could not provide military protection.

What is an appropriate title for the map?

Italian City-States and Trade Routes

What was the source of Axum's prosperity in the fourth century CE?

Its strategic location in the middle of African, Mediterranean, and Asian trade networks

Many of the ideas concerning separation of powers and protection of rights were implemented in the United States.

Of what relevance are the Glorious Revolution and the English Bill of Rights to government in the United States? Americans incorporated the idea of a constitutional monarchy into the Constitution. The idea of bringing in monarchs from another country inspired Americans to do the same thing. Many of the ideas concerning separation of powers and protection of rights were implemented in the United States. Americans recognized that the separation of powers would never work in their newly independent country.

Which of these best describes Oliver Cromwell? Oliver Cromwell was a supporter of the king. Oliver Cromwell was a member of the nobility. Oliver Cromwell was a devout Catholic. Oliver Cromwell was an enemy of the king.

Oliver Cromwell was an enemy of the king.

Which fact provides clear evidence that the Maya were influenced by the Olmec?

Olmec-influenced artifacts have been found within Mayan ruins.

liberty

On July 14, 1789, French citizens unhappy with the failed government reforms stormed the Bastille, a medieval fortress prison. What has this event come to represent in French history? reform liberty equality justice

who is considered to be the most influential leader of the early christian church

Paul

John Locke's ideas are best characterized by

People are naturally reasonable

Which statement best characterizes the ideas of John Locke?

People are naturally reasonable.

The statement that best characterizes the ideas of T. Hobbes

People are naturally selfish and violent

Which statement best characterizes the ideas of Thomas Hobbes?

People are naturally selfish and violent.

Which sentence describes an effect of the English civil war? The monarchy grew more powerful. Louis XIV ruled France. People began to ask questions about the best way to govern. Parliament was permanently dissolved

People began to ask questions about the best way to govern.

What long-term political factors led to the collapse of the Roman Empire? People began to take more interest in government affairs. People began to feel that government service was a burden. People increased support of the army under the threat of invasion. People increased support of emperors under the threat of invasion.

People began to feel that government service was a burden.

How did the events of the Reformation affect the Enlightenment?

People challenged religious institutions during the Reformation, which led them to challenge governmental authority during the Enlightenment.

Use the following chart summarizing the Columbian Exchange to answer the question: Europe and Africa to Americas Americas and Europe to Africa Plants coffee, sugar cane, bananas, melons, olives, barley, wheat, oats, rice, ragweed, bluegrass, dandelions, daisies, clover maize (corn), potatoes, sweet potatoes, peanuts, squash, pumpkins, tomatoes, peppers, papaya, guava, avocado, pineapple, manioc, cacao, chicle, tobacco Animals cattle, chickens, horses, goats, sheep, pigs llamas, alpacas, turkeys, guinea pigs Humans African slaves, European merchants, officials, priests, and settlers few Diseases smallpox, yellow fever, malaria, measles, chicken pox, influenza, common cold syphilis Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the descriptions of humans brought from the New World to the Old World? (1

People from the New World had an insignificant impact on the culture in Europe.

Who led the Athenian Empire? Aristotle Hippocrates Pericles Socrates

Pericles

What role did the conversion of Vikings to Christianity play in integrating them into Europe?

Vikings became less willing to attack Christian lands.

If Hindu troops won a major battle against their enemies, whom would they praise for his guidance? Brahma Buddha Shiva Vishnu

Vishnu

The separation of church and state was important to the French people because of the power and wealth held by the clergy. Which philosopher of the Enlightenment believed in this separation?

Voltaire

No English monarch could ignore Parliament.

What did Charles I's fate demonstrate? No English monarch could ignore Parliament. Parliament was weaker than the monarchy. There was no place for kings and queens in England. Kings and queens remained above the law.

They questioned ideas about government.

What did Enlightenment thinkers question?

The Council of Trent did all the following except

approve the sale of indulgences

This is a photograph of a Roman insula. aqueduct. bridge. coliseum.

aqueduct

The Founding Fathers of the United States were influenced by Cicero's ideas about polytheism. aqueducts. government. architecture.

aqueducts.

What art style is this an example of?

arabesque

Spartan soldiers helped save retreating members of the Greek army at the Battle of Marathon. at the Battle of Thermopylae. against a force of three hundred Persian troops. against the strength of the Athenian navy.

at the Battle of Thermopylae.

The major focus of the Enlightenment were these three things

authority, rights, and responsibility

Which three topics became a major focus of the Enlightenment?

authority, rights, responsibility

Which was an achievement of the Roman Empire? banning the use of coins conquering the world starting a civil service posting the Twelve Tablets

banning the use of coins

With Caesar Augustus's rise to power, Rome became a powerful empire. was invaded by outsiders. lost its battles with its enemies. ruled the entire world.

became a powerful empire.

This map shows Alexander III's empire before he defeated Darius III. after he defeated Darius III. before he invaded Rome. after he invaded Rome.

before he defeated Darius III.

Athens led a group of city-states following the end of the Persian Wars. end of the Delian League. fall of Peloponnesus. fall of Sparta.

end of the Persian Wars.

Julius Caesar's assassination led to the founding of the Roman Republic. beginning of Rome's expansion. fall of the Roman Empire. end of the Roman Republic.

end of the Roman Republic.

In the 1500s, John Calvin left France to escape religious persecution. become a Catholic priest. translate the Bible into German. stand trial at the Diet of Worms.

escape religious persecution.

In the 1500s, Protestantism was a movement that established new church denominations. firmed up support for the Catholic Church. started the sale of indulgences in the church. called for reforms within the Protestant Church.

established new church denominations.

high quality finished goods

europeans were interested in ___ ______ ______ _____ from China

Beowulf and The Divine Comedy are similar in that both works

influenced the development of the language in which they were written

Peter the Great reduced the power of the boyars by

introducing a merit system of nobility.

european renaissance

islam's golden age influenced _________ _______

diversity

istanbul encouraged religious _______

trade

istanbul was a center of ____

An example of Japanese imperial rule that was evident when it placed restrictions on Korean rights was that it took away all guns. it squelched nationalist groups. it assumed control of the government. it assumed control of newspapers and free speech.

it assumed control of newspapers and free speech.

How did the English Civil War affect the Enlightenment?

it caused people to question the role of government, which sparked the imagination of Enlightenment thinkers.

The National Convention benefited the people and the state by

seizing all church property and giving it to the people and state.

The Roman philosophy of stoicism promoted mercy. self-control. pity. anger.

self-control.

exported

sent a trade good to another country to be sold

The concept of having three branches of government—executive, judicial, and legislative—was introduced by Montesquieu. What term describes this type of governmental system?

separation of powers

Which of the following traits of Athena are responsible for her status as the patron goddess of Athens? she was a goddess of war. she was a goddess of wisdom. she was the protector of the city of Athens. she was the leader of the gods.

she was the protector of the city of Athens.

Who held the most power under Japanese feudalism? emperors. landowners. warriors. shoguns.

shoguns

Jan Hus is known for his criticism of

simony and the sale of indulgences

Toussaint L'Ouverture issued a constitution to ensure that Haiti would never rejoin the French republic. Haiti would rejoin the French republic. officials would be elected. slavery would be abolished. The map shows British India.

slavery would be abolished.

janissaries

slaves who served the ottoman empire

A mosaic like this one was made from splashes of wall paint. small, colored tiles. pieces of marble. pieces of bronze.

small, colored tiles.

Under the Old Regime, the people of France belonged to one of three estates. What was the basis of these divisions?

social class

Which of the following explorers led a voyage that ultimately circumnavigated the globe?

Ferdinand Magellan

pastoralism

Mongol people were nomadic and practiced ______ (which was raising livestock for their use)

ended

Mongols _____ islam's golden age in 1258

Which of the following statements best reflects the point of view of an imperialist? Check all that apply. "My country is better than all other countries." "We have much to learn from the cultures of other peoples." "It is our duty to help civilize people less cultured than us." "My country can benefit from the rich resources of other countries." "People are the same all over the world." "God approves of my country's plans to set up new colonies."

"My country is better than all other countries." "It is our duty to help civilize people less cultured than us." "My country can benefit from the rich resources of other countries." "God approves of my country's plans to set up new colonies."

Which of the following describes both the meaning of the word "Swahili" in Arabic and the location where most Swahili-speaking peoples lived?

"Of the coast"

Chinese

"Sino" is another word for "__________-." Chinese Mexican English Korean

Read an excerpt from an informational document. To some Japanese, the most important national security objective was the unselfish one - to establish a special relationship with China, strengthening the region to allow it to turn back the tide of western imperialism. To others, the selfish objective had to take priority. No matter the cost, Japan's own security and economic survival had to be considered ahead of Asian values. Unless Japan became more powerful, there was no way to save East Asia from the west. Japan could only be made powerful through the economic exploitation of its neighbors. Which detail best supports the thesis that Japan benefited from imperialism? "selfish objective had to take priority" "turn back the tide of western imperialism" "considered ahead of Asian values" "economic exploitation of its neighbors"

"economic exploitation of its neighbors"

negative effects of mongol conquest

- destroyed populations in many areas, which never recovered - destroyed irrigation systems and other types of infrastructure - destroyed mosques in persia and churches in eastern europe

eastern orthodox church

- doctrine included belief in only one God and divinity of Jesus - emperor had authority over church - services were in Greek - priests are allowed to marry

roman catholic church

- doctrine included belief in only one God and divinity of Jesus - pope had authority over European kings - services were in latin - priests were forbidden from marrying

ghana

- emperors created efficient system of tax collection - islam was introduced

mansa musa

- expanded mali empire to greatest size - divided empire into provinces and appointed governors to rule them - first west african king to devoutly follow islam - regarded by many historians as wealthiest person to ever live

mehmed II

- first of four powerful sultans of ottoman empire - conquered city of constantinople

Akbar

- greatly expanded mughal empire - reigned during period of unity and stability - defended religious freedom and promoted tolerance - welcomed influence from many cultures - had non-muslim advisors

Which of the following represents a contrast between the ideas of Ulrich Zwingli and John Calvin?

Calvin believed in the creation of a Christian state, while Zwingli thought church and state should be separate.

positive effects of mongol conquest

- increased trade, because caravans on silk road were protected from raiders - guaranteed protection to travelers and missionaries through mongol territory

Aurangzeb

- intolerant of non-muslims - taxed non-muslims heavily - faced increasing pressure from european colonization - did not learn from predecessors

mali

- mansa musa greatest emperor - built timbuktu into important center of learning

tokugawa culture

- noh dramas were performed - kabuki theater was introduced - haiku poetry written

suleyman I

- oversaw great advances in arts, architecture, and law - created a code of law - expanded empire into eastern europe

factors for fall of mongol empire

- struggled to govern a large empire - khanates grew more independent - some adopted ways of the people they conquered and lost their own traditions - made many powerful enemies who wanted to overthrow them

shi'a

- successor to Muhammad should come from his inner circle - opposed umayyad rule - believe only imams chosen by Allah can interpret Qur'an - majority of people in Iran followed this sect

At which Jewish holiday would someone eat matzo at a Seder? Exodus Yom Kippur Rosh Hashanah Passover

Passover.

During Alexander the Great's reign, Darius III was the king of Athens. Persia. Rome. Sparta.

Persia

Babur

- brilliant military general - respected beliefs of those he conquered - taxed non-muslims - helped fellow muslims in getting high ranks in gov't

han dynasty

- created strong gov't based on confucian beliefs - ruled for 400 years - came before song and tang dynasties - sought virtuous leaders - gave gov't positions to confucian scholars - used civil service exams to identify best leaders - greatly influenced tang and song dynasties

shinto

- according to beliefs, divine spirits inhabit all things in nature - ancestor worship - no founder or sacred text involved - often practiced alongside buddhism

songhai

- askia the great revived learning - empire fell to invaders and region was never recovered

sunni

- believed that successor to Muhammad should be those from muslim community - supported umayyads - believe that many can interpret Qur'an and lead prayers - 85% of muslims followed this sect and majority of people in saudi arabia

This book illustration is from the Materia Medica, a 1229 CE Arabic translation of a Greek medical text from around 70 CE. Use this image to answer the following question: folio from De Materia Medica, 13th century Arab translation of an ancient Greek medical text Public Domain Which of the following statements can be inferred from this primary source document

13th century Arab doctors were learning from Greek medical traditions

Based on the timeline, in which year did war between the two cultures give way to peace?

1496

The Enlightenment occurred during

1600's to 1700's

In what year did Napoleon crown himself emperor?

1804

The United States abolished slavery by passing the 13th amendment in 1807. 1833. 1848. 1865.

1865.

In , the Indian National Congress adopted Gandhi's strategy to boycott British goods.

1920

A museum holds an exhibit of Muslim art from the Golden Age. Which of the following is a primary source?

A Persian miniature painting, showing the shah hunting

In 726 CE, Emperor Leo carried out an important act, which completes the timeline above. What symbolic act did he carry out?

Emperor Leo III announces he is against icons.

Which of these choices best describes Italy in the 15th century?

A collection of small kingdoms and city-states

How was a colony different from a protectorate? A colony was protected by an imperial power, but a protectorate was not. A protectorate helped defend an imperial power, and a colony did not. A colony was independent of an imperial power, but a protectorate was not. A colony was controlled by an imperial power, but a protectorate was not.

A colony was controlled by an imperial power, but a protectorate was not.

How could the spread of AIDS in Africa affect the economies of that continent?

A drop in the number and productivity of workers

Which of the following best describes the internal political turmoil that contributed to the decline of the Byzantine Empire?

A group of wealthy landowners attempted to control the empire by gaining control of the military.

The creation of the Index of Forbidden Books by the Church was in part a result of which of the following?

A lack of trust in the ability of the faithful to read texts without being led astray

Which of the following would not be considered an artifact by historians studying early Mesoamerican and South American cultures?

A modern scholarly article

Which is an example of a sphere of influence? A nation is politically independent, but an imperial power controls its trade. A nation is under complete political and cultural control of an imperial power. A nation is protected by an imperial power in return for trade privileges. A nation forms an alliance with an imperial power, and both reap benefits.

A nation is politically independent, but an imperial power controls its trade.

Which of the following individuals would likely have had the most education in the medieval society?

A nun

A person who takes a thing belonging to another by force is liable to an action of theft, for who can be said to take the property of another more against his will than he who takes it by force?" —Justinian Code, Institutes, Book IV, Chapter 2 According to the law above, which of the following is a thief?

A person who takes another person's wallet by force

some monarchs embraced new ideas from the movement.

A political effect of the Enlightenment was that some monarchs embraced new ideas from the movement. support for rebels fighting the French Revolution decreased. many people rejected the idea of representative government. the constitutional monarchy in England came to an end.

With which of the following would John Wycliffe not agree?

A priest telling his congregation that bread and wine turned to the body and blood of Jesus during communion

What was the result of Huayna Capac's military campaigns in the north?

A second capital was built at Tumibamda.

What led to a decline in Great Zimbabwe?

A shift in the gold trade

a republic versus a constitutional monarchy

A small group of centrists tried to get the Jacobins and the Conservatives to compromise on what main idea? a republic versus a constitutional monarchy a monarchy versus a constitutional monarchy a democratic republic versus a monarchy a church leader versus a monarchy

permanent and available at all times.

A standing army is one that is available only in times of war. permanent and available at all times. available only after the harvests have been collected. independent from the government.

What is a jizya?

A tax assessed on non-Muslims

course

A thesis about a historical turning point should explain how the event changed the of history. course tone invention recording

Who were the Ottoman Turks?

A warrior people in Asia Minor

deciding to form the Committee of Public Safety.

After winning power, the Jacobins sought strong leadership to face overwhelming challenges by asking for direction from England's political leadership. deciding to form the Committee of Public Safety. using the leadership of former supporters of the monarchy. using the leadership of former supporters of the Church.

could not agree on its goals.

After winning power, the National Assembly immediately executed the king. could not agree on its goals. restored property to the Church. unanimously elected a leader.

The history of the ancient empire of Ghana is largely drawn from written observations made by outsiders to the area. The two most common descriptions come from the eighth-century Arab geographer al-Fazari and the 11th-century Arab geographer al-Bakri. Why might someone be skeptical of these accounts?

Al-Bakri and al-Fazari were both Muslims who tended to be biased against non-Muslim groups.

Why was Persia ultimately unsuccessful in conquering Greece? Persia had fewer soldiers than Greece to fight its battles. Athens and Sparta were unbeatable when the two were united. Persia's distance from Greece worked to its disadvantage. Persia's leadership did not match the well-trained Greeks' leadership.

Athens and Sparta were unbeatable when the two were united.

Which statement describes the city of Alexandria? Alexandria was a Greek city-state that invented drama and democracy. Alexandria was an Egyptian trade center and home to a diverse population. Alexandria was the capital of the Persian Empire and the home of its ruler. Alexandria was a powerful military society that started the Peloponnesian War.

Alexandria was an Egyptian trade center and home to a diverse population.

Which characteristic of government describes Athens, not Sparta? Two kings led during wartime. Only about 8 percent were citizens. Most power rested with the council. All citizens could debate any issue.

All citizens could debate any issue.

Which is a true statement about the Open Door policy? The idea for the policy was opposed by the United States. All nations did not want to pay taxes equally. All nations should have equal access to ports of trade. The idea for the policy came from Britain and France.

All nations should have equal access to ports of trade.

Which of the following was not true of serfs?

All serfs were created equal and had no freedom.

What is one characteristic that Judaism, Christianity, and Islam share?

All three sprang up in Southwest Asia.

Which term is the Arabic word for God?

Allah

Which term is the Arabic word for God? Mecca Allah Islam Qur'an

Allah

write

Allah taught humans how to _____

many members still wanted to keep the king involved in government.

Although the National Assembly was made up of the Third Estate, many members did not want to seize the Catholic Church's property. the members did not want a constitutional monarchy like England. many members still wanted to keep the king involved in government. the members insisted on dismissing the authority of the Church.

The most significant difference between Athens and Sparta was that Athens worshipped many gods, while Sparta worshipped one. Athens had a strong army, while Sparta had a strong navy. Athens focused on citizenship, while Sparta focused on the military. Athens gave women no rights, while Sparta allowed them in the military.

Athens focused on citizenship, while Sparta focused on the military.

Which statement best describes Athens's military? Both men and women served in the military. Though they served, women did not lead. Athens had a large and capable navy. Athens had a large and capable army.

Athens had a large and capable navy.

The Songhai followed what system of succession to the throne?

Patrilineal

Passover is related to what event in Jewish history?

God's deliverance of the plague to Egyptian firstborns

What influenced the development of both Aztec and Mayan calendars?

Astronomy

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the existence of this type of art in Spain today?

At one point, Spain was part of the Islamic world.

This cathedral is built in the style known as

Gothic

Which statement best describes the empire created by Alexander the Great? Alexander conquered most of Eastern Europe, claiming territory as far north as the Baltic Sea. Alexander conquered most of Western Europe, claiming territory as far north as the North Sea. Alexander conquered most of the Mediterranean region, including parts of Africa, and advanced into Northern Europe. Alexander conquered most of the Mediterranean region, including parts of Africa, and advanced into Southern Asia.

Alexander conquered most of the Mediterranean region, including parts of Africa, and advanced into Southern Asia.

Which dynasty was in power during Islam's Golden Age?

Abbasid

Baghdad

Abbasid's built the new capital where?

What contributed to the rise of Mwenautapa?

Abundant salt and copper resources

Which of the following describes trade in the Late Middle Ages?

Far-reaching

He wanted to amass as much land as possible for France.

After becoming emperor, why did Napoleon plan to conquer other countries in Europe? He wanted to form an alliance against an invasion from Russia. He wanted to examine the military strength of European countries. He wanted to amass as much land as possible for France. He wanted to form an economic alliance to benefit France.

yuan dynasty

After conquering China, the Mongols created the Han Dynasty. Ming Dynasty. Song Dynasty. Yuan Dynasty.

write the draft.

After creating an outline for an informative essay, a student should write the draft. revise the draft. write the thesis. revise the thesis.

form a military dictatorship.

After the coup d'etat and the resignation of the Directory, one of the first things Napoleon did was to declare himself Emperor of France. form a military dictatorship. execute many of the Royalists. present France with a constitution.

relevant

Adding _____ facts and details to an informative essay can help make its points more precise. relevant biased open-ended informal

Which area was colonized under new imperialism? Africa South America Australia North America

Africa

. How did the Atlantic slave trade benefit the Africans?

Africans eliminated warriors in rival tribes by selling or trading captured prisoners to slave traders.

Which conclusion is supported by the timeline?

After Pachacuti took over, the Inca Empire focused on building projects.

It created a confederation with weak central power.

American leaders sought to draft the Constitution as a new plan of government. Why had the previous plan failed? It concentrated power in the states. It heavily restricted the sovereignty of individual states. It allowed for a power struggle between the central government and the states. It created a confederation with weak central power.

Which event marks the final stage in the collapse of the Songhai Empire?

An invasion from Morocco

rising debt and poverty.

An old problem the National Assembly still faced was interference by the Bishop. rising debt and poverty. the demands of Louis XVI. lack of liberty and equality.

How would a government legally take control of another territory to add it to its own? Annex it. Append it. Incorporate it. Appropriate it.

Annex it.

The graphic organizer includes facts about Great Britain and Japan. Column A: Great Britain Column B: Japan The British Empire stretched across Asia, Africa, and the Pacific. Japan expanded into Manchuria between 1930 and 1939. A student made this graphic organizer to help write an informative essay. What does the organizer imply about Great Britain and Japan? Both nations were imperialist. Both nations had strong leaders. Both nations expanded in the 1900s. Both nations had strong economies.

Both nations were imperialist.

The Mughal Empire was established by?

Babur

Which of the following cities did the Byzantine Empire not control during its height?

Babylon

What city did the Abbasid dynasty build in a strategic location to serve as the capital of the Islamic Empire?

Baghdad

France.

Baron de Montesquieu was an Enlightenment philosopher from Belgium. England. France. Germany.

Which of the following contributed to the fall of the Songhai?

Battles over succession

the enlightened monarch.

Because Napoleon supported many ideals of the Enlightenment and began instituting symbols and titles from the monarchy, historians later classified him as the enlightened emperor. the enlightened monarch. the enlightened prince. the enlightened king.

raise taxes.

Because Philip II wanted a standing army, he found it necessary to invade England. raise taxes. oppose the Counter-Reformation. give more power to his people.

Which was not an impact of the slave trade on Africa?

Because millions were enslaved, the population of the continent fell dramatically.

polluted

Because of industrialization, water became ________. polluted expensive clear sterile

Why is there such a contrast between the expressions on the faces of the two figures?

Because the man is afraid of Death, but Death is happy to have another victim

Use the following image showing a map of the swine flu pandemic to answer the following question: A world map shows the spread of the swine flu. The map uses dots to indicate that the disease had spread to all the world's continents. © Science Photo Library/Image Quest 2012 Based on this image, what effect did the swine flu most likely have on travel during its outbreak? (1 point)

Because the swine flu left no region untouched, travel slowed, as people feared exposure to the disease.

civil service exams

Government positions under Hongwu were filled by appointment. election. civil service exams. officers in the military.

God

Belief in the divine rights of kings means believing that kings are chosen by Parliament. God. the Lord Protector. the people.

In modern day monasteries, monks remain silent during certain parts of the day. To which figure can this practice be attributed?

Benedict of Nursia

How were the Mutapa Empire and the Songhai Empire similar?

Both empires used natural resources as the basis of their economies.

the relationship between pressure and the volume of gas.

Boyle's law explains the way to develop an idea and design an experiment. the impact of gravity on the motion of objects on Earth. the relationship between pressure and the volume of gas. the elliptical orbit of Earth and other planets around the sun.

Read the opening line from a draft of an informative essay. Which is the best revision of the sentence? Trade between Great Britain and Japan expanded as opium deals between the nations increased in the early 1800s. Britain greatly expanded trade with China, increasing its opium exports more than five times in the early 1800s. Britain's expanded trade in opium led to export increases that were five times greater in the early 1800s. Britain greatly expanded trade with China, which increased its opium exports more than five times in the early 1800s.

Britain greatly expanded trade with China, increasing its opium exports more than five times in the early 1800s.

By 1900, Germany's steel production exceeded all other countries except Britain. the United States. Belgium. Italy.

Britain.

a very powerful state

By 900 CE, Kiev controlled the large area between the Baltic Sea and the Black Sea, which made Kiev difficult to rule. difficult to defend. a very powerful state. want to expand even further.

How did historians determine that the Mayans had a written language?

By analyzing glyphs and codices

Which best explains how religious tolerance helped the Ottoman and Mughal Empires succeed?

By showing religious tolerance, both empires maintained stability and earned loyalty from different peoples.

Which best explains how religious tolerance helped the Ottoman and Mughal Empires succeed? By showing religious tolerance, both empires maintained stability and earned loyalty from different peoples. By showing religious tolerance, both empires maintained power and earned new converts to Islam. By showing religious tolerance, both empires created new religions and earned loyalty from different peoples. By showing religious tolerance, both empires created new religions and earned new converts to Islam.

By showing religious tolerance, both empires maintained stability and earned loyalty from different peoples.

constantinople

Byzantine economy _______ was an important trading center

Greek

Byzantine empire was heavily influenced by _____ culture

After he gained control of the Roman Empire, Constantine moved the capital to Byzantium and renamed it Constantinople. Rome and renamed it Constantinople. created a second capital in Byzantium. created a second capital in Constantinople.

Byzantium and renamed it Constantinople.

complex

Caliphate created a _____ bureaucracy to oversee empire

Why did King Cyrus allow some Jewish people to return to Israel? A. He did not have room for all of them in his kingdom. B. He wanted the religion to spread through Europe. C. He had a reputation for religious tolerance. D. He wanted the Jewish people to rebuild the temple.

C. He had a reputation for religious tolerance.

Historical Figure Role in Crusades Peter the Hermit inspired the People's Crusade Frederick I Barbarossa led the army of the Holy Roman Empire Pope Urban II St. Bernard of Clairvaux preached for the Second Crusade Which of the following correctly completes the chart?

Called for Christians to retake the Holy Land

Which statement best characterizes the ideas of Voltaire?

Government should be separate from religion.

Which statement best defines the teachings of John Calvin? Calvin taught his followers that salvation could be achieved through faith, but not through good works. Calvin taught his followers that human beings needed to follow strict rules to overcome their nature and do good. Calvin taught his followers that they could reduce punishment for their sins by giving generously to the church. Calvin taught his followers that priests and popes were closer to God than their churchgoers.

Calvin taught his followers that human beings needed to follow strict rules to overcome their nature and do good.

The concept of predestination was a major part of Anglicanism. Calvinism. Lutheranism. Presbyterianism.

Calvinism.

The Roman Republic began to expand when Rome fought the Punic Wars and defeated Carthage. Germany. Egypt. Greece.

Carthage.

Before the Reformation, the dominant force in European life was the Catholic Church. Protestant Church. French monarchy. English monarchy.

Catholic Church.

When James II became king, many people opposed him because he was a Protestant. Puritan. Catholic. non-believer.

Catholic.

Which best describes Timbuktu and its importance to the Mali Empire?

Center of learning and trade

Persia was located between the Middle East and Great Britain. Central Asia. Africa. Russia.

Central Asia.

Which ruler was crowned as the first emperor of the Holy Roman Empire?

Charlemagne

Who was crowned emperor of the West in 800 CE?

Charlemagne

The Moche civilization was located to the south of which Andean civilization?

Chavin

Which of these civilizations was located in the Andean mountains?

Chavin

China was easily defeated by the British in the first Opium War because China's navy was no match for Britain's advanced weaponry. Britain had help from its allies in Europe to fight the Chinese. China never had a chance after Britain's surprise attack. Britain's navy outnumbered the Chinese navy by fifty to one.

China was easily defeated by the British in the first Opium War because

When Emperor Lalibela established the kingdom of Ethiopia around 1185 CE, what religion was widely practiced there?

Christianity

Which religion has the most followers worldwide?

Christianity

How does Christianity differ from ancient Roman religion? Christianity has buildings for worship. Christianity offers salvation in the afterlife. Christianity is a monotheistic religion. Christianity involves elements of paganism.

Christianity is a monotheistic religion.

Which of the following is true of the Roman Empire at the end of the fourth century CE?

Christianity was the official religion, as established by Constantine the Great.

Which of the following best describes a long-term effect of the recognition of Christianity in Constantinople?

Christians were no longer persecuted for their beliefs in the region.

Who was the author of Divine Comedy, a medieval work of literature?

Dante Aligheri

A Renaissance writer considered one of the greatest poets of all time is Thomas More. Niccolo Machiavelli. Dante Alighieri. Baldassare Castiglione.

Dante Alighieri.

After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, what filled the void left by the disintegration of the political structure? Dark Ages. Enlightenment. Golden Age. Renaissance.

Dark Ages.

Why do developing nations tend to be more heavily affected by pandemics than developed nations?

Developing nations lack the resources to control the spread of disease.

. What was the goal of Chinese expeditions in the early 1400s?

Diplomatic missions

What was the goal of Chinese expeditions in the early 1400s?

Diplomatic missions

Which question can help a writer revise an informative essay?

Do details help support the topic?

France put more power in the hands of its monarchy

During the 1600s, England put more power in the hands of an elected parliament. What did France do? France followed the English example. France put more power in the hands of its aristocracy. France put more power in the hands of its monarchy. France gave power to a series of weak kings.

noblemen.

During the English Civil War, supporters of the king were mostly Puritans. members of Parliament. noblemen. Roundheads.

astronomy, mathematics, medicine, and physics.

During the Middle Ages, Islamic scholars made key advancements in astronomy, mathematics, medicine, and physics. astronomy, biology, geology, and medicine. biology, botany, mathematics, and physics. biology, botany, geology, and physic

Which of the following is true about Christianity, Judaism, and Islam?

Each religion has sects and denominations in different parts of the world.

The geocentric theory states that the center of the universe is

Earth.

What was one consequence of Roman expansion beginning in 300 BCE? Soldiers became less loyal to their generals. Plebeians lost their influence in government. Economic problems began to increase. Rome was no longer a center of trade.

Economic problems began to increase.

The Hellenistic civilization included a blend of Greek culture with Egyptian, Indian, and Persian influences. Egyptian, Persian, and Roman influences. English, Egyptian, and Roman influences. English, Indian, and Persian influences.

Egyptian, Indian, and Persian influences.

Emperor Guangxu instituted sweeping reforms to modernize the government and the economy, and as a result Empress Cixi had him arrested. Empress Cixi supported him. China surged forward economically. China's people supported him.

Empress Cixi had him arrested.

Use the map of the routes of the slave trade during the colonial era to answer the question: The map shows the entire continent of Africa and parts of the Indian and Atlantic Oceans, Southwest Asia, and Spain. African kingdoms from which large numbers of slaves were taken are labeled and shaded: Segu, Dahmoey, Asante, Oyo, Benin, Bornu, Darfur, Rwanda, Burundi, Kongo, and unlabeled areas on the coasts of southern and eastern Africa. Lines representing trade routes extend from the African locations, across the Atlantic to the Americas. Lines from east Africa, Darfur, and Dahomey also extend to Southwest Asia. © 2012 The Exploration Company What inference about the slave trade does the map not support?

England was the European nation most involved in the slave trade.

What inference about the slave trade does the map not support?

England was the European nation most involved in the slave trade.

absolutism

Enlightenment thinkers rejected the concept of absolutism. freedom. individuality. society.

Absolutism

Enlightenment thinkers rejected what concept?

Which is an example of how non-European cultures made the era of European exploration possible?

European explorers used non-European inventions such as the astrolabe, the compass, and gunpowder.

Use the photograph below to answer the following question: Image of a caravel seen in a museum setting. The two white sails have crosses on them. An image of a map lines the backdrop. © 2012 PHGCOM Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.5 Generic How did this invention help promote the diffusion of European culture?

European explorers were able to sail long distances to new foreign territories.

Why did the Atlantic slave trade from Africa begin?

European powers needed African workers for their sugar plantations.

What does this political cartoon indicate? Europeans and Japanese wanted to expand their empires. China controlled European and Japanese leaders. China wanted to gain new territories in European countries. Europeans and Japanese helped China expand its empire.

Europeans and Japanese wanted to expand their empires.

Why did European nations send missionaries to convert people in Africa and Asia to Christianity? Check all that apply. Europeans believed cultural exchange would improve international relations. Africans and Asians were continually at war over religious differences. Europeans believed Christianity would make people more civilized. Europeans wanted to expand their power around the world. Africa and Asia wanted to become part of the European empire.

Europeans believed Christianity would make people more civilized. Europeans wanted to expand their power around the world.

What was the significance of the Treaty of Nanjing in 1842? China got what it wanted because it showed strength during negotiation. Europeans forced the Chinese to sign it, ending the first Opium War. It prevented further wars between China and the Europeans. It was the cause of further discord leading to more wars.

Europeans forced the Chinese to sign it, ending the first Opium War.

Which of the following best describes how European powers responded to Islamic expansion?

Europeans viewed the spread of Islam as a threat, and actively worked to stop it.

What religious idea did John Calvin and Martin Luther disagree on?

Every human's spiritual destiny is determined by God.

Suppose an archeologist finds a 10th-century gold coin from the Abbasid Caliphate in a Viking grave in Norway, thousands of miles away. For what purpose is the coin most useful as a primary source?

Evidence about 10th-century trade networks

Which of the following about the expansion of Islam is not true?

Expansion was a slow process because it was met with strong opposition from the Islamic world.

Which of the following represents one of Desiderius Erasmus's main contributions to the move toward the Protestant Reformation?

Exposing corruption in the Church

to attempt government reform

Faced with famine, increased taxes, and rising discontent, Louis XVI called a meeting of the Estates-General. This was the first time this call had been issued in one hundred fifty years. Why did the king call this meeting? to move France toward a constitutional monarchy to create a plan of action to stop the famine to give the people a voice to attempt government reform

What inference about the Mesoamerican view of time can be made on the basis of the sign?

For Mesoamericans, each day in the calendar had a distinct identity.

one

For how many years did the Reign of Terror last? one three five seven

How did the excommunication of Emperor Leo III affect the Roman Empire during the eighth century?

It caused major tensions between the East and the West.

What effect did the collapse of the Western Roman Empire have on Western Europe?

Former Roman lands were divided into several Germanic kingdoms.

Which statement describes an impact of the collapse of the Western Roman Empire on Europe?

Former Roman lands were split up and claimed by Germanic kingdoms.

Baron De Montesquieu was an Enlightenment philosopher from what country

France

What resulted from Louis XIV's constant pursuit of warfare?

France was left deeply in debt.

Haiti's revolution was a slave revolt.

Haiti was the second nation in the Americas to achieve independence from a European power—in this case, France. How did Haiti's revolution differ from the American Revolution? Haiti's revolution was unexpected. Haiti's revolution was not influenced by the Enlightenment. Haiti's revolution was a slave revolt. Haiti's revolution was based on trade restrictions.

What is the best way to describe a Gregorian chant?

Haunting sounds without harmony

What criticism did John Wycliffe have about the Roman Catholic Church?

He argued that the Bible was higher in authority than the pope.

Which is the best description of Napoleon Bonaparte?

He believed in some Enlightenment ideals but not in social reform.

What was one contribution made by Eratosthenes in ancient Greece? He wrote a geometry textbook that was used for nearly 2,000 years. He calculated the value of the infinite number known as pi. He computed the circumference of planet Earth. He developed military tactics that still apply today.

He computed the circumference of planet Earth.

How might a second-born son hope to achieve success under the system of primogeniture?

He could seek training to become a knight in the military.

What role did Henry VIII play in the Reformation? He led the Reformation in Germany. He created the Church of England. He stood trial at the Diet of Worms. He brought reform to Switzerland.

He created the Church of England.

How did Napoleon help to restore the Catholic Church in France?

He declared Catholicism the official religion of France.

How did Napoleon help to restore the Catholic Church in France? He allowed the Pope to nominate the bishops. He allowed exemption from taxes for all Catholics. He declared that only Catholics could serve in government. He declared Catholicism the official religion of France.

He declared Catholicism the official religion of France.

How did Henry VIII respond when the pope excommunicated him?

He declared himself the head of the Church in England.

How did Alfred the Great contribute to the development of a national identity in England?

He defeated the Danes and drove them out of England.

How did French philosopher René Descartes contribute to the Scientific Revolution?

He developed mathematical principles.

What action made Louis XVI such an unpopular ruler?

He did not support government reform.

It is believed that Paul was a martyr. Which answer best describes what this means? He accepted persecution rather than deny his beliefs. He sacrificed his life to spread Christianity. He died rather than deny his beliefs. He devoted himself to Christianity.

He died rather than deny his beliefs.

Why is Gandhi considered one of the most influential people of the twentieth century? He led India to independence from Britain. He inspired other leaders to be non-violent. He showed true leadership by risking jail for his beliefs. He overthrew the British government in battle.

He inspired other leaders to be non-violent.

Which of the following actions by Moctezuma I indicate that he was an skilled politician?

He maintained the Triple Alliance while keeping Tenochtitlan dominant.

Why did Henry VIII leave the Catholic Church in the 1500s? He wanted to prevent the sale of indulgences. He married Anne Boleyn in defiance of the Pope. He drafted a list that criticized church practices. He translated the Bible into German and English.

He married Anne Boleyn in defiance of the Pope.

What was Commodore Perry's significant contribution to the beginning of Japan's transformation? He closed all embassies except the US. He opened Japan to the West. He made Japan open its ports to Europe. He sold US warships to Japan.

He opened Japan to the West.

How did God punish the Jewish people for disobedience during the Exodus? A. He forced them to obey the Ten Commandments. B. He banished them forever from Egypt. C. He decreed they would live as slaves. D. He ordered them to wander the desert.

He ordered them to wander the desert

Which explains why sultan Suleiman I of the Ottoman Empire was called "Suleiman the Magnificent?" He created Istanbul during the early part of the Empire's history. He oversaw advances during a peak in the Empire's history. He built the Taj Mahal during a peak in the Empire's history. He conquered India during the early part of the Empire's history.

He oversaw advances during a peak in the Empire's history.

How did Charles Martel impact Europe during the Middle Ages?

He reunited the Franks to fight off Muslim invasion.

How did Charlemagne improve the lives of people in Europe?

He revived education.

Which explains how Giotto changed the way that art looked?

He revolutionized the use of space, light, and color to create vivid images of people.

What impact did the Frankish leader Charles Martel have on Christian Europe's relations with Muslim Spain in the eighth century?

He stopped the Muslim advance from Spain into France.

How did Mehmet II overcome the strategic blocking of the Golden Horn by the Byzantines?

He used gunpowder artillery.

Why was King Louis XVI tried for treason?

He wanted France to lose its war against Austria and have his power restored.

Why did Peter the Great call his new capital city a "window on Europe"?

He wanted it to reflect European culture.

Who was Sunni Ali?

He was a great leader of Songhai.

Who was John of Damascus?

He was a writer who strongly defended the use of icons.

How was Julius Caesar killed? He died in battle leading troops. He was assassinated by senators. He lost a duel against a rival. He was poisoned by his soldiers.

He was assassinated by senators.

According to the Bible, what made the circumstances of Jesus's death unique? He was baptized at death. He was resurrected three days later. He was crucified on a wooden cross. He was given the first Christian burial.

He was resurrected three days later.

Which statement best describes what happened when Constantine tried to establish "New Rome"?

He was successful in building a new political center in the East, unified by the Christian religion.

What was Ibn Rushd's contribution to the Islamic Golden Age?

He worked to translate and preserve the works of Aristotle into Arabic.

Why did Justinian I fail to regain all of the former provinces of the old Roman Empire?

His army and finances were weakened by plague.

Which statement about Abraham is the most accurate? He was considered the father of all major religions. He moved from Ur to Canaan to spread Islam. His covenant with God helped all Jewish people. His agreement with God ensured Abraham's immortality.

His covenant with God helped all Jewish people

How did Mansa Musa elevate the standing of the Mali Empire in the world?

His lavish pilgrimage to Mecca made the empire of Mali and its wealth widely known.

How did the Hundred Years War impact the Church?

It contributed to the end of the Age of Faith.

A difference between Hobbes and Locke was that

Hobbes believed life without government was difficult, while Lock believed that people have the right to rebel

It accelerated the economic crisis.

How did French support of the American Revolution increase problems for King Louis XVI? It accelerated the economic crisis. It introduced new ideas regarding branches of government. It helped prove that a country could do without a king. It showed that a rigid class structure was dangerous.

People are naturally reasonable.

How did John Locke characterize people?

He declared Catholicism the official religion of France.

How did Napoleon help to restore the Catholic Church in France? He allowed the Pope to nominate the bishops. He allowed exemption from taxes for all Catholics. He declared that only Catholics could serve in government. He declared Catholicism the official religion of France.

People are naturally selfish and violent.

How did Thomas Hobbes characterize people?

They allowed scientists to measure pressure.

How did barometers advance science? They allowed scientists to study objects in space. They allowed scientists to measure temperature. They allowed scientists to measure pressure. They allowed scientists to observe objects closely.

The colonies' victory demonstrated that a king could be defeated.

How did the American Revolution influence the French Revolution? Soldiers who had fought on the side of the colonies started the French Revolution. News of the war introduced the French to the ideas of the Enlightenment. The war showed that taxation without representation was a just cause. The colonies' victory demonstrated that a king could be defeated.

The new plan of government had a strong centralized government but protected state autonomy and rights.

How did the Constitution overcome the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation? The new plan of government centralized power in the federal government at the expense of state authorities. The new plan of government had a strong centralized government but protected state autonomy and rights. The new plan of government divided power equally between the central government and the states. The new plan of government centralized power and left the states to determine their own role.

The English Civil War caused many people to question the role of government, which sparked the imagination of Enlightenment thinkers.

How did the English Civil War affect the Enlightenment?

The English Civil War caused many people to question the role of government, which sparked the imagination of Enlightenment thinkers.

How did the English Civil War affect the Enlightenment? The English Civil War led to the concept of a "divine right" to rule, which was developed in greater detail by Enlightenment thinkers. The English Civil War caused many people to question the role of government, which sparked the imagination of Enlightenment thinkers. The English Civil War established the authority of monarchs, who were supported by Enlightenment thinkers. The English Civil War promoted the idea of absolutism, which was embraced by Enlightenment thinkers.

How was the outcome of the French Revolution most like that of the American Revolution? It weakened the power of the church over government. It upheld natural rights when it drafted the Declaration of Independence. It created a new constitution that protected peoples' rights. It attempted to eliminate the power of the king to control citizens' religion.

It created a new constitution that protected peoples' rights.

Russia was ruled by powerful monarchs.

How was Russia similar to the rest of continental Europe in the 1600s? Russia was ruled by powerful monarchs. Russia practiced the Roman Catholic religion. Russia made advances during the Renaissance. Russia engaged in trade with the Americas.

What does the trade deal Vasco da Gama made in India demonstrate about some of the motivations for exploration?

It demonstrates that the Portuguese were hoping to profit from exploration.

The passage is about Britain's imperialistic actions. It was the task of civilization to put an end to slavery, to establish Courts of Law, to teach the natives a sense of individual responsibility, of liberty, and of justice, and to teach their rulers how to apply these principles; above all, to see to it that the system of education should be such as to produce happiness and progress. I am confident that the verdict of history will award high praise to the efforts and achievements of Great Britain in the discharge of these great responsibilities... -Frederick Lugard, 1923 Which best summarizes the author's feelings about British imperialism? Native people and their rulers embraced the many benefits of imperialism. Native people praised Great Britain for bringing them happiness and progress. Imperialism was an honorable enterprise that improved life for native cultures. Imperialism empowered native people to rule themselves as they saw fit.

Imperialism empowered native people to rule themselves as they saw fit.

The excerpt is from an African American poem called "The Black Man's Burden." Pile on the Black Man's Burden. 'Tis nearest at your door; Why heed long bleeding Cuba, or dark Hawaii's shore? Hail ye your fearless armies, Which menace feeble folks Who fight with clubs and arrows and brook your rifle's smoke. -H.T. Johnson, The Black Man's Burden, 1899 What point of view does the poem's author express? Cuba and Hawaii could benefit most from imperialism. Imperialist armies are easily repelled by native armies. Imperialism is more about bullying than heroism. African Americans were wrong to fight imperialism.

Imperialism is more about bullying than heroism.

The graphic organizer includes facts about Great Britain and Japan. Column A: Great Britain Column B: Japan The British Empire stretched across Asia, Africa, and the Pacific. Japan expanded into Manchuria between 1930 and 1939. A student made this graphic organizer to help write an informative essay. What fact could be added to column A? Imported cotton came from colonies in Egypt and India. There were excellent harbors on the Pacific Coast. The navy often recruited people for fishing. A relationship with China strengthened the region.

Imported cotton came from colonies in Egypt and India.

choose his successor.

In 1802, the French people voted to keep Napoleon in power, giving him the right to serve for fifty years. choose his successor. share supreme power with the Pope. choose his replacement as First Consul.

retake his power as emperor and retain the empire.

In 1815, Napoleon escaped from Elba in order to avenge his brother's loss of the throne in Spain. lead his imperial troops in the Battle of Waterloo. retake his power as emperor and retain the empire. avenge his defeat at the hands of Russia.

Salons

In France, where did philosophies discuss Enlightenment ideas?

political and economic reasons.

In addition to an interest in religious reform, the princes of Germany supported Martin Luther's ideas for cultural and social reasons. political and economic reasons. ethical and philosophical reasons. educational and intellectual reasons.

The government raised taxes.

In an era of bad harvests, famine, and rioting, the French government took steps to improve the worsening financial crisis. What did the government do? The government raised taxes. The government called for genuine political reform. The government forced all estates to pay the same taxes. The government reduced the Third Estate's tax burden.

mathematics.

In ancient Greece, Euclid contributed to a better understanding of biology. chemistry. mathematics. technology.

prophet

In islam, Jesus is recognized as a _______ of God, not a son of God

Montesquieu believed that government power should be divided between different branches, much like the executive, legislative, and judicial branches in the United States. He believed that this division promoted liberty and justice. What else does the separation of powers do?

It prevents one branch from gaining too much power.

How did the invasions of Japan by Mongols from Korea (1274—1281) affect Japan?

In response to the Mongol threats, Japanese lords achieved greater unity.

They united the colonies in their fight against the British.

In retaliation for the Boston Tea Party, the British passed laws to punish Massachusetts. Specifically, the British closed Boston Harbor to trade until restitution was provided on the tea. What effect did these measures have on colonists? They temporarily quelled colonists' protests due to fear of further punishment. They angered colonists even more, prompting the Boston Massacre. They united the colonies in their fight against the British. They prompted the formation of the Continental army to defend colonial interests.

There was a rise in support for representative government.

In the 1700's, what was an effect of the Enlightenment?

the natural rights of all people.

In the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson affirmed the natural rights of all people. the separation of church and state. the end of all relations with Britain. the new system of government.

The list outlined how the British broke the social contract.

In the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson listed a series of grievances that colonists had against British rule. What purpose did this serve? The list identified changes that would be made under the new government. The list explained the reasons for declaring independence. The list outlined how the British broke the social contract. The list gave reasons why the British should leave the colonies.

tyrannical monarchies in power

In the era of the French Revolution, France faced many of the same issues as those faced by the colonies in the American Revolution. Which problem affected both nations? colonial rules government-mandated social classes taxation without representation tyrannical monarchies in power

1804

In what year did Napoleon crown himself emperor? 1789 1799 1802 1804

The diagram below shows linked causes and effects for economic factors in medieval Europe. Use the diagram to answer the following question: A diagram with three boxes where an arrow connects the first box to the second and the second box to the third. The first box reads 'three-field system.' the middle box holds a question mark, and the last box reads 'increased population.' Which of the following best completes the diagram?

Increased food production

Which of the following is true about Justinian's legal code?

It protected some individual rights.

Which best describes the introduction of an informative essay about a turning point?

It provides background and presents a clear thesis.

What gave the Kingdom of Ghana a military advantage over its neighbors

Iron and horses

What was the most influential religion in the Songhai Empire?

Islam

The Songhai people practiced both

Islam and traditional spiritual beliefs

What does the phrase "People of the Book" imply about Islam's relationship to Judaism and Christianity?

Islam granted respect to certain religions that lived by written scriptures.

Why did the Abbasid dynasty encourage, but not force, non-Muslims to convert to Islam?

Islam's holy book teaches respect for all knowledge and people of faith.

What conclusions can be drawn about the spread of Islam from 632 through 1000 A.D. (CE)?

Islamic armies conquered major cities to help spread Islam in three continents.

The Taj Mahal, built by a Mughal emperor, is an example of how architecture in India was inspired by

Islamic influence in the region

How did French support of the American Revolution increase problems for King Louis XVI?

It accelerated the economic crisis.

How was the Estates-General useful in uniting France under one national identity?

It allowed noblemen, clergy, and townspeople to serve together as a legislative body in the French government.

In which ways did the Meiji Restoration modernize Japanese government and society? Select all that apply. It appointed the emperor as head of the government. It created a democracy to model that of the US. It abolished feudalism and the samurai. It created a constitutional monarchy. It opened technology schools and universities.

It appointed the emperor as head of the government. It abolished feudalism and the samurai. It created a constitutional monarchy.

Why did India's desire for independence increase following World War II? It decided it had lived under British rule long enough. It felt that its service in the war effort should grant it independence. It decided to go to war against Britain unless it was freed. It realized it could succeed as an independent country.

It felt that its service in the war effort should grant it independence.

How did Judaism differ from other faiths of the same time period? It was based on ancient Egyptian beliefs. It focused on monotheism instead of polytheism. It contrasted traditional Christian beliefs. It placed one god higher than other deities.

It focused on monotheism instead of polytheism.

How did buying Egypt's shares in the Suez Canal benefit Britain? It gave Britain total control of the canal and kept other nations out. It allowed Britain to form an equal trade partnership with France. It gave Britain partial control of the canal and enabled trade with Asia. It allowed Britain to form an economic partnership with Egypt.

It gave Britain partial control of the canal and enabled trade with Asia.

How did advanced weaponry help Europe during new imperialism? It became Europe's most valuable trade export. It gave imperialists even more power over non-Europeans. It enabled Europeans to protect themselves from invaders. It convinced colonies of Europe's cultural superiority.

It gave imperialists even more power over non-Europeans.

Which best describes the Spartan government? It had elements of democracy, oligarchy, and monarchy. It had elements of oligarchy and monarchy. It was both a democracy and a monarchy. It was a direct democracy that allowed debate.

It had elements of democracy, oligarchy, and monarchy.

Which are characteristics of China? Select all that apply. It had foreign spheres of influence. It won the Sino-Japanese War. It failed to institute reforms. It avoided modernization. It rapidly industrialized.

It had foreign spheres of influence. It won the Sino-Japanese War. It failed to institute reforms. It avoided modernization. It rapidly industrialized.

How has Judaism evolved into a culture? A. It has developed more than thirteen million followers. B. It has spread throughout multiple countries. C. It has followers who are born into the faith. D. It has guidance about dress and rites of passage.

It has guidance about dress and rites of passage.

Why was the spread of Christianity to non-Jews significant? It helped Christianity emerge as a separate faith. It forced Christianity to evolve to meet followers' needs. It stopped the persecution of Christians at the hands of Romans. It changed Christianity, as the religions encompassed different faiths.

It helped Christianity emerge as a separate faith.

What was the most important impact of the Jewish peoples' repeated Diaspora? It fractured the people and their beliefs. It created tension with King Cyrus. It drove the kingdom into serious debt. It helped spread the religion into Europe.

It helped spread the religion into Europe.

How did Venice acquire the nearby cities of Verona and Padua?

It hired professional soldiers called mercenaries to conquer the lands.

How did the encomienda system affect native society?

It hurt traditional village life by taking men away to mines and plantations.

Which statement accurately describes the Zapotec city of Monte Albán?

It included pyramids, tombs, and a ball field.

Why was Japan isolated from other nations for long periods of its history?

It is a group of islands located far from mainland Asia.

How does this image illustrate a contribution of the Byzantine Empire?

It is an example of sophisticated mosaic art commonly found in Byzantine structures.

The historian Procopius attributes this speech to Theodora. She supposedly said it to Justinian when he wanted to flee from the Nika Riots. "Now if you wish to save yourself, O Emperor, this is not hard. For we have much money; there is the sea, here are the boats. But think whether after you have been saved you may not come to feel that you would have preferred to die. As for me, I like a certain old proverb that says: royalty is a good shroud (burial garment)." —History of the Wars, Procopius Which of the following reflects Theodora's attitude about dealing with the Nika Riots?

It is shameful for an emperor to flee the rioters.

Which statement about modern Israel is most accurate? It is made up only of Jewish people. It is the homeland for Jewish people. It has been a Jewish holy site for fifty years. It features modern beliefs and rejects the past.

It is the homeland for Jewish people.

The Magna Carta played a key role in the development of the system of checks and balances we use today. What purpose does this system serve?

It keeps one person or group in government from having too much power.

Which describes how plague affected the Byzantine Empire? It killed many residents. It killed few residents. It killed Islamic invaders. It killed Emperor Justinian I.

It killed many residents.

What primary impact did the Great Temple's construction have on Jerusalem? It left the entire kingdom deeply in debt. It made the city famous for King Solomon's wisdom. It made the city unappealing to foreign visitors. It created controversy over the secular design.

It left the entire kingdom deeply in debt

How did the signing of the Magna Carta affect the lives of ordinary townspeople of the 13th century?

It limited the power of the king to tax them and granted people jury trials before punishment.

How did the Inca Empire's policy of mandatory public service contribute to development of its empire?

It made the construction of roads possible.

Which of the following is true of the Solomonic dynasty of Ethiopia?

It resisted takeover by Muslim and Portuguese invaders.

The Magna Carta had what effect on English monarchs? It said that monarchs would have absolute power. It said that only kings could rule England. It said that monarchs had to respect certain basic rights of citizens. It required English monarchs to be born in foreign countries.

It said that monarchs had to respect certain basic rights of citizens.

What was the significance of the battle at Poitiers in France in 732 CE?

It showed that Europeans were unwilling to allow further Islamic expansion into Europe.

How did the establishment of "New Rome" contribute to the decline of the Roman Empire?

It split the empire into two separate halves.

Read the revised conclusion of an informative essay. The invention of the printing press was a turning point in history. In addition to increasing the availability of books and the spread of new ideas, it also led to significant political change and radical changes to the religion of Europe. This forever altered the course of history. Which best states why the conclusion is effective?

It summarizes key points and restates facts.

Considering this excerpt written by the Arab geographer Yakut in the 13th century, what can we say about Islamic Baghdad at that time?

It tolerated a diverse population.

How did the Reconquista affect Spanish national identity between the 1060s and 1492?

It transformed Spain from a nation of three major religions into a nation of one religion.

Use the following excerpt from the decrees of the Fourth Council of Trent (1546) to answer the question: [The Council] decrees, that no one, relying on his own skill, shall,--in matters of faith, and of morals...presume to interpret the said sacred Scripture contrary to that sense which holy mother Church,--whose [skill] it is to judge of the true sense and interpretation of the holy Scriptures,--hath held and doth hold...-- excerpt from the decrees of the Fourth Council of Trent, 1546 In what way does the passage respond to the Protestant Reformation's view on biblical interpretation?

It upholds a doctrine that goes against the Protestant idea of individualism

Why was Timbuktu an important location in Mali's empire?

It was a center for learning.

Why did many scientists reject the Copernican model when it was published?

It was a radical change in people's understanding of the universe and Earth's place in it.

Which is a true statement about the Treaty of Kanagawa? It was an unequal treaty that favored Japan. It was an unequal treaty that favored the US. It was a treaty that was fair to both sides. It was a treaty that Japan was happy with.

It was an unequal treaty that favored the US.

Which statement about the Qur'an is true?

It was compiled after Muhammad's death.

What role did Monte Albán play in the development of cities in Mesoamerica?

It was considered the largest socio-political and economic center in Mesoamerica for approximately 600 years.

What factor ended the Mongol rule of Russia? The Mongol military was no match for the disciplined military of Ivan III. Ivan III refused to continue paying tribute to the Golden Horde. Moscow under Ivan III became too strong to submit to Mongol rule. The Mongols weren't prepared to go to war to maintain their rule of the Golden Horde.

Ivan III refused to continue paying tribute to the Golden Horde.

Ivan the terrible

Ivan IV is known as _____ ___ _______

Which two factions disagreed on the revolution's path?

Jacobins and the Conservatives

How did Japan become the most powerful nation in Asia? Japan doubled its territory in Asia. Japan's economy followed the US's example. Japan adopted Western military technologies and training methods. Japan's government made extremely wise alliances.

Japan adopted Western military technologies and training methods.

new ideas

Japan had increased trade with china, which resulted in spread of ___ _____

What started the Russo-Japanese War? Russia issued a preemptive strike on Japan in the Sea of China. The conflict over Korea escalated into war near Seoul, Korea. Japan launched a surprise attack on the city of Port Arthur in Russia. Negotiations to avoid war broke down, and war ensued.

Japan launched a surprise attack on the city of Port Arthur in Russia.

How was Japan easily able to defeat China in the Sino-Japanese War? Japan's military was better trained and equipped. China surrendered quickly. China had fewer troops. Japan enlisted the help of its allies in Europe.

Japan's military was better trained and equipped.

What geographical feature of Japan made the nation difficult to unify and govern?

Japan's population is spread across multiple islands.

How did the role of religion differ between feudal Japan and feudal Europe?

Japanese nobles and warriors did not pursue religious wars.

What is one way Feudal Japan was different than Feudal Europe?

Japanese peasants owned the land they farmed.

having more power than others

Jean-Jacques Rousseau believed that there were two types of inequality: natural or physical inequality and moral or political inequality. Which is an example of moral or political inequality? being elderly being weakened by disease having great strength of character having more power than others

Which of the following is not an example of a belief associated with the Muslim faith?

Jesus was a false prophet.

Which Byzantine emperor is famous for codifying Roman laws?

Justinian

Which of the following leaders attempted but failed to regain the provinces of the Western Roman Empire under the Byzantine Empire due to financial problems?

Justinian I

hagia sophia

Justinian built an enormous church and named it _____ _____

updated

Justinian's code _____ existing Roman code of laws

The samurai in Feudal Japan were similar to what social class in Feudal Europe?

Knights

Which of the following did not cause the decline of the Byzantine Empire?

Lack of freedom for women

Which of the following made Ghana an important trading center?

Large deposits of gold and iron ore to use as trade goods

Apart from military conquest, what features do the reigns of Pacal the Great, Huayna Capac, and Moctezuma I have in common?

Large-scale public works projects

The words you see are in what language? English French German Latin

Latin

The American Revolution subsequently inspired nineteenth-century independence movements in which part of the world?

Latin America and the Caribbean

Which statement best describes the Roman language of Latin? Latin is understood today by doctors and scientists. Latin is the basis for many modern languages. Latin is an older form of modern-day English. Latin is considered to be a forgotten language.

Latin is the basis for many modern languages.

Which of the following rights in the Magna Carta is still a basis for British and American law today?

Legal decisions are based on judges' interpretations of previous court decisions.

The English Civil War comes to an end. Locke builds on the ideas of Hobbes. Montesquieu publishes Spirit of Laws. Rousseau publishes The Social Contract.

List the four major events of the Enlightenment movement in order.

Which philosopher of the Enlightenment most influenced Thomas Jefferson when drafting the Declaration of Independence?

Locke

The shogun and daimyo in Feudal Japan were similar to what social class in Feudal Europe?

Lords

thought that, like the sun, he was at the center of the French universe.

Louis XIV called himself the "Sun King" because he believed he could control the weather. was regarded as having a warm, friendly personality. thought that, like the sun, he was at the center of the French universe. frequently took long vacations on the southern coast of France.

held all power in France and claimed to represent God on Earth.

Louis XIV is considered a perfect example of an absolute monarch because he gave more political power to ordinary French citizens. reigned during a period of peaceful relations with France's neighbors. held all power in France and claimed to represent God on Earth. left the throne and called for free elections to choose a successor.

Which was a "pull" factor leading to European migration to the Americas in the 16th and 17th centuries?

Lure of access to new trade routes in the New World

Of what relevance are the Glorious Revolution and the English Bill of Rights to government in the United States? Americans incorporated the idea of a constitutional monarchy into the Constitution. The idea of bringing in monarchs from another country inspired Americans to do the same thing. Many of the ideas concerning separation of powers and protection of rights were implemented in the United States. Americans recognized that the separation of powers would never work in their newly independent country.

Many of the ideas concerning separation of powers and protection of rights were implemented in the United States.

How did the Islamic Empire impact the areas it ruled?

Many people in lands subject to Muslim rule adopted Islam.

Which of the following routes involves trade outside of the Byzantine Empire?

Massilia to Carthage

. "Slaves are in the power of masters, a power derived from the law of nations: for among all nations it may be remarked that masters have the power of life and death over their slaves, and that everything acquired by the slave is acquired for the master. 2. But at the present day none of our subjects may use unrestrained violence towards their slaves, except for a reason recognized by law. For, by a constitutio of the Emperor Antoninus Pius, he who without any reason kills his own slave is to be punished equally with one who has killed the slave of another." —The Institutes, Book I, Chapter VIII According to the above law, which of the following statements is true?

Masters were allowed to kill their own slaves, if they had a reason for doing so.

Buddhism originated during which empire? Aryan Indus Gupta Mauryan

Mauryan

Where do Muslim pilgrims travel to as part of their religion?

Mecca

Where do Muslim pilgrims travel to as part of their religion? Sharia Qur'an Mecca Islam

Mecca

mosque

Mehmed II turned the hagia sophia to a _____

Which of the following leaders was victorious in the fall of Constantinople?

Mehmet II

In what way has Roman culture influenced Western civilization? Most people have adopted the Roman religion. Modern architects have adopted Roman techniques. Educated people are expected to speak Latin. Arches of triumph are found in all American cities.

Modern architects have adopted Roman techniques.

The Catholic Church was interested in gaining new converts to the religion.

Mercantilism pushed some states to find more profitable trade routes to the east.

How was Islam spread to India?

Merchants and conquerors

Which of the following is an example of a medieval guild?

Merchants with common trade interests who joined together and formed associations for their mutual benefit

In which modern country was the Olmec civilization located?

Mexico

Which of the following statements best describes Islam's spread from the 7th century through the 17th century?

Military conquests by the Arab Empire and traders of Islamic faith were the primary means for spreading Islam to Africa, Europe, and Asia.

comprehensive

Ming government _____ code of laws was developed

3

Ming leaders established new trade rules. Trade was only allowed at _ chinese ports

It prevents one branch from gaining too much power.

Montesquieu believed that government power should be divided between different branches, much like the executive, legislative, and judicial branches in the United States. He believed that this division promoted liberty and justice. What else does the separation of powers do? It prevents one branch from gaining too much power. It stops each branch from dominating the others. It makes sure that there is no overlap between the work of the branches. It facilitates cooperation between the branches.

The Supreme Court determines the constitutionality of laws passed by Congress.

Montesquieu outlined a system of checks and balances that would prevent one branch of government from dominating the others. Which would be an example of checks and balances between branches? Congress and the president must declare war jointly. The president can make executive agreements. The Supreme Court determines the constitutionality of laws passed by Congress. The president is the commander-in-chief of the armed forces.

Who was considered Judaism's greatest prophet? A. Moses B. Abraham C. Isaac D. Jacob

Moses

Which of the following geographic features most likely hindered the Byzantines from expanding north of Italy?

Mountainous terrain

public

Muhammad preached in ______

What effect did the Muslim conquest have on Spain?

Muslim culture influenced Spanish languages and architecture.

What was the contributing factor to Napoleon's defeat at the Battle of Trafalgar?

Napoleon enlisted Spain's help in forming a strong navy, but he was defeated anyway.

What is the most accurate description of Napoleon's One Hundred Days?

Napoleon escaped from Elba, was defeated at Waterloo, and was exiled again.

In the Andean valleys, the Nazca civilization is best known for its attractive pottery and mysterious

Nazca lines

One triangular trade route moved slaves, rum, and goods between

New England, West Africa, and the Caribbean

Who proposed the heliocentric theory?

Nicolaus Copernicus

build schools and universities accessible to the middle class.

One action Napoleon took that showed he supported some Enlightenment ideals was to encourage all citizens to read Rousseau and Voltaire. allow freedom of the press without government interference. build schools and universities accessible to the middle class. surround himself with trusted advisors whose advice he used.

creating checks and balances.

One of Baron de Montesquieu's key ideas was separating church and state. creating checks and balances. establishing natural rights. establishing equality within society.

He wanted to create checks and balances.

One of Montesquieu's key ideas was the creation of what?

Catholicism

One of the long-reaching effects of the Spanish conquest was the spread of what religion across the Americas? Buddhism Hinduism Catholicism Protestantism

scientific method

One result of the Scientific Revolution was the ______, which was a new way to solve problems and conduct research. enlightenment scientific method renaissance heliocentric theory

What are arabesques?

Ornamental designs with flowing lines

Which of the following best describes the architectural style of the Islamic Golden Age?

Ornate and patterned

What impact did the French Revolution have on the rest of Europe?

Other European countries declared war on France.

powerful

Painting of King Louis XIV of France. Which word best describes the way the king is portrayed in the painting? young powerful ordinary handsome

accept Parliament's limits on their power.

Parliament invited William and Mary to take the English throne on the condition that they convert to Catholicism. promise not to have children. promise to stay at home and rule from Holland. accept Parliament's limits on their power.

What did Parliament do soon after the death of Oliver Cromwell? Parliament went to war with Scotland. Parliament restored the monarchy. Parliament banned the monarchy forever. Parliament imposed the Protectorate.

Parliament restored the monarchy.

What is the best conclusion based on the map? The Persian Empire was the largest in the world. Persia would have to attack Athens and Sparta by land. Persia was a tiny country compared to the size of its empire. Athens and Sparta were Persia's next target in growing its empire.

Persia was a tiny country compared to the size of its empire.

The Nazca civilization was established in the valleys of the Andes on the coast of which South American country?

Peru

Which of the following describes Byzantine mosaics?

Pictures made of glass

Which was not a feature of Romanesque architecture?

Pointed arches

Who was the Roman governor that ordered Jesus's trial and execution? Constantine Pontius Pilate Julius Caesar Herod

Pontius Pilate

What is the best title for this graph? Population Statistics for the Largest Cities of the World Population Comparison of Ancient Rome to US Cities Population Statistics for the Citizens of Ancient Rome Population Comparison of the Smallest Cities in the World

Population Comparison of Ancient Rome to US Cities

Feudal estates sent knights to the Holy Land in the Crusades for religious reasons. What fueled warfare in Feudal Japan?

Power and wealth

Which correctly describes the religious atmosphere of medieval Japan?

Practice of both Shintoism and Buddhism

Use the following chart summarizing the Columbian Exchange to answer the question: Europe and Africa to Americas Americas and Europe to Africa Plants coffee, sugar cane, bananas, melons, olives, barley, wheat, oats, rice, ragweed, bluegrass, dandelions, daisies, clover maize (corn), potatoes, sweet potatoes, peanuts, squash, pumpkins, tomatoes, peppers, papaya, guava, avocado, pineapple, manioc, cacao, chicle, tobacco Animals cattle, chickens, horses, goats, sheep, pigs llamas, alpacas, turkeys, guinea pigs Humans African slaves, European merchants, officials, priests, and settlers few Diseases smallpox, yellow fever, malaria, measles, chicken pox, influenza, common cold syphilis What does the type of animals and plants brought to the New World demonstrate about the needs of Pre-Columbian civilizations?

Pre-Columbian civilizations had an abundance of animals for food, but Europeans also wanted to continue using their traditional animals for food.

Which idea did John Calvin support?

Predestination

Which describes the status of priests in pre-Columbian civilizations?

Priests were generally part of the nobility.

Which of the following correctly describes Prince Odoacer's role in the fall of the Western Roman Empire?

Prince Odoacer forced Augustulus to hand over his crown, and Germanic kingdoms claimed the land.

How do scholars believe slavery most likely began?

Prisoners captured during war were forced to farm land for their captors.

by explaining the lasting change that occurred

Read an excerpt from the introduction to an informative essay. The Neolithic Revolution was an important turning point in history. Instead of moving from place to place to gather enough food to survive, early peoples were able to settle in one place, farm crops on a large scale, and build settlements. How could a writer most improve the thesis in this introduction? by describing the crops that were grown by explaining the lasting change that occurred by providing sources for the information used by summarizing events that happened later

"spread of new ideas"

Read the conclusion to an informative essay. The invention of the printing press was a turning point in history. In addition to increasing the availability of books and the spread of new ideas, it also led to significant political change and radical changes to the religion of Europe. This forever altered the course of history. Which phrase best supports the conclusion about the printing press? "invention of the printing press" "turning point in history" "spread of new ideas" "altered the course of history"

A representative system wasn't created—a dictatorship was.

Read the quote delivered by the Consulate on November 12, 1799. People of France: Swear with us to be true to the Republic one and indivisible, founded on equality, liberty, and the representative system. What is the problem with this quote? France was not founded on equality and liberty. This was uttered not by the Consuls, but only by Napoleon. A representative system wasn't created—a dictatorship was. The year the statement was made was 1789.

It summarizes key points and restates facts.

Read the revised conclusion of an informative essay. The invention of the printing press was a turning point in history. In addition to increasing the availability of books and the spread of new ideas, it also led to significant political change and radical changes to the religion of Europe. This forever altered the course of history. Which best states why the conclusion is effective? It summarizes key points and restates facts. It restates facts and uses parenthetical citations. It summarizes key points and adds new facts. It restates facts and uses an informal tone.

It includes details and facts.

Read the revised introduction of an informative essay. During the Neolithic Revolution, irrigation was introduced, which produced larger crop yields, allowing people to store a surplus of food. Which best explains why the revision is effective? It tells the reader what to remember. It states the writer's viewpoint. It includes details and facts. It grabs a reader's attention.

Kings are God's representatives on Earth, and they should not be challenged.

Read the speech James I made to Parliament in 1609. The state of monarchy is the supremest thing upon earth, for kings are not only God's lieutenants upon earth and sit upon God's throne, but even by God himself they are called gods. . . . [Y]ou do not meddle with the main points of government; that is my craft . . . to meddle with that were to lessen me. What argument was the king making? Kings should not believe in God, for they are gods themselves. Kings are God's representatives on Earth, and they should not be challenged. Kings should agree that it is Parliament's job to run the government. Kings need to be more respectful of Parliament.

analyze the prompt

Read the writing prompt for an informative essay about a historical turning point. A historical turning point is a significant event in history that has led to lasting change. Identify a turning point in world history. Discuss the historical events surrounding this turning point, and explain how it changed the course of history. What should a student writer do first? create a thesis analyze the prompt create an outline write a conclusion

an Aztec city.

Read this passage, which was written by a Spanish explorer in the 1500s. This great city of [Tenochtitlán] is situated in this salt lake . . . . There are four . . . entrances to the city, all of which are formed by artificial [walkways] . . . . The city is as large as Seville or Cordova; its streets . . . are very wide and straight . . . . All the streets at intervals have openings, through which the water flows . . . and at these openings, some of which are very wide, there are also very wide bridges, composed of large pieces of timber, of great strength and well put together; on many of these bridges ten horses can go abreast. This quotation describes an Aztec city. an Inca city. a Maya city. a Zapotec city.

relevant facts.

Read this sentence from an informative essay. The Neolithic Revolution led to increased food supplies. This sentence could be improved by including relevant facts. effective transitions. a clear thesis. a clear style.

The factor that most contributed to the development of Roman civilization was Rome's language. Rome's geography. Rome's isolation from the world. Rome's foundation myth.

Rome's geography.

Adding _______ facts and details to an informative essay can help make its points more precise.

Relevant

How did religious leaders attempt to resolve the Iconoclast Controversy?

Religious councils were formed to try to settle the issue.

How did religious beliefs lead the Byzantine Empire to depart from the culture of Rome?

Religious disputes led the two empires to follow two different versions of Christianity

What was reflected in both the Aztec and Spanish calendars?

Religious traditions

The Roman Empire is an early example of a __________. Democracy Republic Dictatorship Monarchy A republic is a government run by generals. kings and queens. representatives of the people. religious leaders. The Peloponnesian War began after Sparta attacked Athens by land. Sparta attacked Athens by sea. Athens attacked Sparta by land. Athens attacked Sparta by sea. The image shows the coat of arms of the United States. The words you see are in what language? English French German Latin What was the reason for Julius Caesar's assassination? Many Romans wanted a strong leader instead of the weak Caesar. Influential Romans were opposed to the expansion of Rome's territory. Many people were unhappy with Caesar because of Rome's military defeats. Some people feared Caesar wanted to become king and destroy the republic. A humanities curriculum is one that is taught only in Greek or Latin languages. emphasizes military tactics and strategies. focuses primarily on religious teachings. includes instruction in philosophy and history. The Twelve Tables of the Roman Republic were a written declaration of war. legal code. description of social classes. plan for government. Judeo-Christian principles helped influence government in Athens. the Roman republic. the United States. Sparta. Athens and Sparta were both countries. city-states. monarchies. empires. Women in Roman society had the right to vote in elections. run for office. own property. choose who to marry.

Republic

Which of the following is not associated with one of the pillars of Islam?

Rest on the Sabbath

Why could the British restriction of trade be considered a violation of natural rights? Restrictions interfered with individuals' pursuit of economic self-interest. Restrictions sacrificed trade that would have benefited the colonies for the Crown's benefit. Restrictions inhibited the natural right to property by denying colonists access to goods. Restrictions denied colonists the right to conduct business with foreign powers.

Restrictions interfered with individuals' pursuit of economic self-interest.

men

Roles of ____ in mongol clans - making bows and arrows - taking care of horses

women

Roles of ____ in mongol clans - making clothing - driving and unloading carts

The Hellenistic Age ended with the rise of the classical era. Delian League. Persian Empire. Roman Empire.

Roman Empire.

Byzantine architecture often combined elements of

Roman and Greek architecture

How did the rise of Constantinople contribute to Roman culture?

Roman culture did not disappear because the traditions were kept alive by leaders in Constantinople.

Which statement best describes the way Romans viewed education? Roman education was reserved for slaves. Roman children of wealthy families were sent to school. Roman education focused on the humanities. Roman society looked down on education.

Roman education focused on the humanities.

Which statement best describes the role of Roman women? Roman women had many more rights than other women of the time. Roman women had the same rights as women in other societies. Roman women had fewer rights than women in other societies. Roman women had even more rights than women do today.

Roman women had many more rights than other women of the time.

Which historic city did the Byzantine Empire lose between 565 CE and 1360 CE?

Rome

In which way was the serf different from the slave?

Serfs could pass on their inheritances.

How did Joan of Arc become a symbol of the unification of France?

She led an attack against an English army and freed the city of Orleans in only 10 days.

What was Empress Theodora's role during the Iconoclastic Controversy?

She restored the use of icons after her husband's death.

What was the earliest religion practiced in Japan?

Shintoism

Which was a "pull" factor leading to European migration to Asia in the 16th and 17th centuries?

Silver discovered in South America

Which statement describes the Greek philosopher Socrates?

Socrates taught that reasoning was the way to truth.

This mosaic shows a Byzantine emperor and his attendants. Examine the image and use the clues you find there to answer the question. Which of the following types of attendants are represented in this mosaic?

Soldiers

What were the two opposing opinions during the Iconoclastic Controversy?

Some believed the use of icons and their veneration was fine, and others felt that icons should not exist because it could lead to idolatry.

What was the reason for Julius Caesar's assassination? Many Romans wanted a strong leader instead of the weak Caesar. Influential Romans were opposed to the expansion of Rome's territory. Many people were unhappy with Caesar because of Rome's military defeats. Some people feared Caesar wanted to become king and destroy the republic.

Some people feared Caesar wanted to become king and destroy the republic.

chooses monarchs to represent him on Earth.

Someone who believes in divine rule believes that God favors aristocrats and people of wealth. chooses monarchs to represent him on Earth. supports kings and queens but does not choose them. wants government to be in the hands of the people.

radical.

Someone who supports extreme changes in a society is a liberal. radical. Jacobin. conservative.

The kingdom of Ghana arose from which group of people?

Soninke

Which of the following was not an effect of the Great Famine of 1315?

Southern European countries were more heavily affected than northern European countries.

Which of the following would be the longest distance to travel by sea?

Spain to Palestine

At its point of greatest extent, in which regions did the Byzantine Empire hold territory?

Spain, Asia Minor, and North Africa

The Peloponnesian War began after Sparta attacked Athens by land. Sparta attacked Athens by sea. Athens attacked Sparta by land. Athens attacked Sparta by sea.

Sparta attacked Athens by land.

T

T or F Laws from Justinian's code reflect customs of each state and common laws of mankind

(03.01 MC) Use the map of Africa below to answer the following question. Notice the scale in the lower left corner of the map, which shows that .5 inch is equivalent to 500 miles and 1 inch is equivalent to 1,000 miles. Map of the continent of Africa. Various trade routes connect kingdoms of West Africa (Mali, Ghana, and Songhai) with North Africa, Egypt, and the Arabian Peninsula. The scale shows that half an inch equals 500 miles and 1 inch equals 1,000 miles. The cities of Tripoli and Marrakesh are approximately 1 and a half inches apart. The cities of Tripoli and Taghaza are approximately 1 and 4 tenths inches apart. The cities of Tripoli and Timbuktu are approximately 1 and 7 tenths inches apart. The cities of Tripoli and Gao are approximately 1 and a half inches apart. © 2012 The Exploration Company Based on the map, which of the following cities was closest to Tripoli

Taghazaqe

Christian monks taught laypeople the art of stained glass, which served which of the following functions in medieval Europe?

Taught religious scripture to illiterate peasants through images

taxation without representation

The Boston Tea Party was the first major act of defiance by the colonists. What were the colonists protesting? increased government spending high taxes taxation without representation debt from the French and Indian War

What long-term economic factors led to the collapse of the Roman Empire? Trade opportunities went down, and the middle class rose significantly. Trade opportunities went up, and the middle class shrunk significantly. Taxes went down, and the gap between the rich and poor decreased. Taxes went up, and the gap between the rich and poor increased.

Taxes went up, and the gap between the rich and poor increased.

A Spanish soldier describes Tenochtitlan: "The great city...has many broad streets, though among these are two or three pre-eminent. All travel by...canoes, as I have said, and without these they could neither leave their houses nor return to them." —Anonymous Spanish soldier Aztec Civilization by Lois Warburton, Lucent Books, 1995, page 60. Which of the following does this excerpt imply?

Tenochtitlan has water canals throughout the city.

Which of the following statements best describes the Triple Alliance under Moctezuma I?

Tenochtitlan was the dominant partner in the alliance

Why was terraced farming such an important development for the Chavin and later Andean cultures?

Terraces allowed farmers to plant crops on mountainous terrain.

Why did Gandhi encourage Indians to weave their own cloth? Textiles were a major source of income for Britain. To encourage the self-sufficiency of his people. To increase India's ability to export goods. Gandhi wanted to increase national pride.

Textiles were a major source of income for Britain.

gold

The 3 powerful trading empires in west africa exported ____ for salt and other goods

What effect did the success of the American Revolution have internationally?

The American Revolution inspired other countries to declare independence.

Latin America and the Caribbean

The American Revolution subsequently inspired nineteenth-century independence movements in which part of the world? Latin America and the Caribbean Eastern Europe North Africa Southeast Asia

What was the significance of the Battle of Marathon? The Persians defeated the Athenians and took over all of ancient Greece. The Persians conquered the Athenians but were soon stopped by the Spartans. The Athenians conquered the Persians and overthrew King Darius I. The Athenians defeated the Persians and halted an invasion by King Darius I.

The Athenians defeated the Persians and halted an invasion by King Darius I.

In what way was the Mayan civilization different from the Aztec and Inca civilizations?

The Aztec and Inca had large, united empires, but the Maya did not.

Use the timeline below to answer the following question: Timeline with the following entries, 1195 CE Aztecs arrive in the Valley of Mexico. 1250 The Aztecs settle near Lake Texcoco. 1325 The city of Tenochtitlan is founded and the first Aztec temple was built. 1350 Canals and Causeways are built in the city. 1370 The Tepanecs are defeated. What does this timeline demonstrate about the history of the Aztecs?

The Aztecs were not originally from the area where Tenochtitlan was built

Use the photo below of an ancient Aztec calendar to answer the following question: This circular calendar is carved in stone. It has a face in the center and is intricately decorated with details and Aztec symbols. Public Domain What does this Aztec calendar indicate about Aztec culture?

The Aztecs were very interested in measuring time.

What does this Aztec calendar indicate about Aztec culture?

The Aztecs were very interested in measuring time.

Which of the following bodies of water did the Eastern Roman Empire border?

The Black Sea

Why did the Spanish begin to introduce enslaved Africans into South and Central America?

To obtain a more disease-resistant labor force

What was one change established by the British raj in India? The British raj wrote reports to investors about trading profits. The British raj built a private army made up of Indian soldiers. The British raj created a civil-service system to rule the country. The British raj set up a bribery system to keep local leaders in line.

The British raj created a civil-service system to rule the country.

How did the political and religious ideas of the Byzantine Empire compare with the Western Empire?

The Byzantine emperor was considered to be the highest political and religious figure. In the Western Empire, the highest political and religious figures were two different people.

government laws and local customs

The Byzantine legal system is best described as a combination of government laws and local customs. religious laws and local customs. government laws and Roman customs. religious laws and Greek customs.

Which was a major difference between the Roman Empire and the Byzantine Empire?

The Byzantines had Greek as their main language.

Why did the Catholic Church express interest in the exploration of foreign lands?

The Catholic Church was interested in gaining new converts to the religion.

Use the image below to answer the following question: Stone carving of a head. Intricate designs have been carved into the head, which appears to have both human and feline characteristics. Public Domain What does this image suggest about the Chavin civilization?

The Chavin included human and animal motifs in their art.

Which best describes the relationship between the Church and feudal states?

The Church and the states constantly struggled for supreme power.

Terror is nothing other than justice, prompt, severe, inflexible. How does the quote best apply to the Committee of Public Safety under Robespierre's leadership?

The Committee of Public Safety forcefully eliminated all opposition.

the Articles of Confederation

The Constitution was drafted in 1787, after the American Revolution ended. What document preceded the Constitution in outlining the powers of the US government? the Declaration of Independence the Articles of Confederation the Bill of Rights the Two Treatises of Government

What does the map suggest about the Crusaders in the Holy Land circa 1100 CE?

The Crusaders had difficulty gaining control of interior lands.

The declaration abolished the three estates.

The Declaration of the Rights of Man made all French citizens equal before the law. How did this equality contrast with the ways of the Old Regime? The declaration removed the king from power. The declaration forced the aristocracy to give up their land. The declaration created a separation between church and state. The declaration abolished the three estates.

Who took control after the fall of both Robespierre and the Committee of Public Safety?

The Directory took control under five leaders.

How was the Dutch expedition to the Indies different from the Portuguese attempts to find new trade routes?

The Dutch expedition was funded as a private enterprise.

What became of the Eastern Roman Empire after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire? The Eastern Roman Empire fell to foreign invaders too. The Eastern Roman Empire became the Byzantine Empire. The Eastern Roman Empire dissolved into small kingdoms. The Eastern Roman Empire tried to recapture the west.

The Eastern Roman Empire became the Byzantine Empire.

the first ten amendments to the Constitution.

The English Bill of Rights (1689), which guarantees the freedom of speech, the right to a fair trial, and a ban on cruel or unusual punishment, inspired the US Bill of Rights, which is another name for the first ten amendments to the Constitution. the preamble to the Declaration of Independence. the Articles of Confederation. the Declaration of the Rights of Man.

How did the English Civil War affect the Enlightenment?

The English Civil War caused many people to question the role of government, which sparked the imagination of Enlightenment thinkers.

What sparked the English Civil War in the 1600s?

The English monarch clashed with Parliament leaders.

This sparked the English Civil War in the 1600's

The English monarch clashed with the Parliament leaders.

The movement that happened last in Europe was

The Enlightenment

The cause-and-effect table shows information about the split in the Western Christian church: Event Description ? Split in Western Christian church that led to two rival popes before the church reunited and became Roman Catholic. Which of the following completes the table?

The Great Schism of 1378

Which best describes the significance of the Magna Carta as a precursor for modern democracy?

The Magna Carta began to make the ruler responsible under the law

It said that monarchs had to respect certain basic rights of citizens.

The Magna Carta had what effect on English monarchs? It said that monarchs would have absolute power. It said that only kings could rule England. It said that monarchs had to respect certain basic rights of citizens. It required English monarchs to be born in foreign countries.

Which of the following represents a difference between the Mayans and the Incas?

The Mayans used complex calendars to plan activities, but the Incas practiced divination.

At its height, the Byzantine Empire controlled which of the following waterways?

The Mediterranean Sea

The following passage from the medieval history book The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle describes King William I (William the Conqueror) of England (r. 1066—1087). Amongst other things, the good order that William established is not to be forgotten. It was such that any man...might travel over the kingdom with a bosom full of gold unmolested; and no man durst kill another, however great the injury he might have received from him.—"Assessment of William I." Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. Medieval Sourcebook. Paul Halsall, Fordham University, 198. What does the information in this excerpt indicate?

The Norman Conquest brought some positive changes to England.

Which of the following gives evidence of continuity across cultures in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica and South America?

The Olmec and Maya demonstrated an interest in astronomy

Which two civilizations had such a great influence on later cultures that they were called the "mother cultures"?

The Olmec and the Zapotec

What was significant about the Olmec civilization?

The Olmec civilization had a great deal of influence on neighboring and later cultures.

Which of the following statements gives evidence to support the conclusion that the Olmecs were a "mother culture" of the Mayas?

The Olmecs built cities to align with the constellations.

limited.

The Petition of Right (1628) resulted in the powers of the monarchy being limited. increased. made absolute. ended.

. How did the Reconquista act as a pull mechanism for Spain to explore and conquer new lands?

The Reconquista created generations of men trained and ready to reconquer lands for Spain and the Church.

an English monarch and the Catholic pope.

The Reformation in England stemmed from a difference of opinion between an English priest and other church leaders. an English priest and one of his churchgoers. an English monarch and the Catholic pope. an English monarch and a German monarch.

What was the lasting effect of the Roman Catholic Church becoming the official church of the Roman Empire? The pope continues to have the power of a king, but on a global scale. The Roman Catholic Church still largely influences European governments. The Roman Catholic Church dominated European society for one thousand years. Other religions and beliefs were never able to emerge across Europe.

The Roman Catholic Church dominated European society for one thousand years.

Which statement best explains how the Scientific Revolution changed ways of thinking?

The Scientific Revolution changed people's understanding of the world.

Why might the action of the Seljuks in conquering Southwest Asia have ignited the Christian Crusades?

The Seljuks conquests had cut off Europe from access to Jerusalem.

Which statement correctly describes the Socratic method? The Socratic method used questions to find the truth. The Socratic method used logic to make arguments. The Socratic method was a statement about ethics. The Socratic method was a statement about medicine.

The Socratic method used questions to find the truth.

along the silk road

The Song Dynasty promoted trade across the Gobi Desert. down the Mekong River. along the Silk Road. on the Great Wall.

Who founded the Kingdom of Ghana?

The Soninke

strong Roman Catholic beliefs.

The Spanish Inquisition grew out of Philip II's strong Roman Catholic beliefs. disagreements with the Roman Catholic Church. success in conquering England. belief in the teachings of the Reformation.

Which statement best describes the Battle of Thermopylae? Three hundred Athenians famously fought to the death. The Spartans evacuated, and the Persians burned their city. The Greek navy defeated King Darius I at sea, ending the threat. The Spartans worked to stop a second Persian invasion of Greece.

The Spartans worked to stop a second Persian invasion of Greece.

Montesquieu outlined a system of checks and balances that would prevent one branch of government from dominating the others. Which would be an example of checks and balances between branches?

The Supreme Court determines the constitutionality of laws passed by Congress.

What is the difference between the Torah and the Talmud? The Torah describes the basic laws of Judaism; the Talmud is a collection of opinions on legal issues. The Torah has been handed down for generations; the Talmud is a series of books. The Torah means "study"; the Talmud means "the Five Books of Moses." The Torah focuses on interpreting ideas and recommendations; the Talmud focuses on directions for daily living.

The Torah describes the basic laws of Judaism; the Talmud is a collection of opinions on legal issues.

Which external enemy proved to be the greatest continuing threat to the Byzantine Empire in the 15th century?

The Turks

allows citizens to vote for representatives within government.

The US Constitution was attractive to many because it outlive a representative democracy, which restricts the ability of citizens to participate in government. allows government leaders to maintain power for long periods of time. allows citizens to vote for representatives within government. hinders the ability of governments to transfer power.

Which nation had the highest number of casualties resulting from the Spanish flu pandemic in October of 1918?

The United States

1865.

The United States abolished slavery by passing the 13th amendment in 1807. 1833. 1848. 1865.

leadership

The Western Church and the Eastern Church differed in what area? beliefs leadership clergy artwork

Justinian is considered to be the last Roman Emperor to speak Latin as a first language. What does this fact imply about the changes in the Roman Empire at that time?

The Western Empire had lost most of its political, religious, and economic power.

How did historical events in parts of Europe encourage European feudal lords to operate differently than Japanese feudal lords?

The act of checking the power of the king encouraged the development of representative government.

The image depicts John VII destroying an image of Jesus with a sponge attached to a pole. Use the image to answer the following question:Based on this image, what can be deduced about the artist's attitude toward John VII?

The artist is ridiculing John VII by comparing him to the soldiers who taunted Jesus.

What locational problem did using the astrolabe help to solve?

The astrolabe could determine the correct latitudinal location of the ship.

Which of the following is evidence that France viewed the Muslim conquest of Spain as a threat?

The battle of Poitiers

Scholasticism provides an example of which of the following?

The blending of Greek and Roman philosophies with Christian ideas

Which of the following contributed to Venice's rise as a city-state in Italy?

Venice's position on the coast

How did Constantinople's Church of Hagia Sophia demonstrate how the Byzantine Empire blended with the old Roman Empire?

The church combined both Greek and Roman architecture, and became a melting pot where Eastern and Western cultures came together.

Further, since it has been their custom to slaughter oxen in sacrifice, they should receive some solemnity in exchange. Let them therefore, on the day of the dedication of their churches, or on the feast of the martyrs whose relics are preserved in them, build themselves huts around their one-time temples and celebrate the occasion with religious feasting. They will sacrifice and eat the animals not any more as an offering to the devil, but for the glory of God to whom, as the giver of all things, they will give thanks for having been satiated. Thus, if they are not deprived of all exterior joys, they will more easily taste the interior ones. For surely it is impossible to efface all at once everything from their strong minds, just as, when one wishes to reach the top of a mountain, he must climb by stages and step by step, not by leaps and bounds... What does this passage indicate the church is willing to accept in order to unify Europe under a single faith?

The church is willing to accept some remnants of pagan culture.

tithes

The clergy comprised the wealthy First Estate, with members of noble descent in particular having a great deal of power. What was the source of the clergy's wealth? family money tithes donations from the king savings from paying low taxes

Which statement best explains why taxation without representation was a major issue for the colonists?

The colonists equated a lack of representation with a lack of consent to be ruled.

separation of powers

The concept of having three branches of government—executive, judicial, and legislative—was introduced by Montesquieu. What term describes this type of governmental system? confederation separation of powers bicameral divided government

Use the diagram below to answer the following question: Timeline with the following dates, 711 CE Conquest of Spain by Islamic Army; 1236 half of Iberia reconquered by Christians; 1492 Treaty of Granada signed; Christopher Columbus lands in Dominican Republic; 1511 Spaniards conquer Cuba; 1519 Cortes puts Moctezuma under house arrest. The success of the Spaniards in conquering Cuba contributed to which of the following? (1 point)

The continued Spanish conquests of civilizations in the Americas.

What were the characteristics of the Tokugawa era in Japan? Check all that apply. The country pursued a policy of isolation. The country had advanced military technology. The country established trading relationships with dozens of countries. The country was industrialized. The country had an economy based on agriculture.

The country pursued a policy of isolation. The country established trading relationships with dozens of countries. The country had an economy based on agriculture.

Which of the following does not describe Europe after that fall of the Western Roman Empire?

The culture of the Byzantine Empire became less diverse.

In what way did climate change affect Ghana's position in the trans-Saharan trading networks?

The desertification of Kumbi Saleh made it less important as a trade post.

Which was a major cause of the birth of the Age of Exploration in Europe in the 15th century?

The desire for knowledge about the non-European world

Why might the Italian city-states have resisted the exploration around the world?

The discovery of new trade routes to the east threatened the city-state's control over that trade.

Which statement correctly describes the Tang Dynasty?

The dynasty created a vast empire that stretched from the East China Sea far into western China.

In the Byzantine Empire, who had the final say on church matters?

The emperor

Use the following image of "Sacrifice of Isaac" by Il Bronzino to answer the following question: An image shows a boy lying on a rock. A man stands next to the boy and looks up at an angel who appears to be stopping the man from harming the boy. Several other people are shown walking up a hillside toward where the man and the boy are. A few of the people are leading donkeys. In the distance and surrounding the people, natural elements such as trees, mountains, and flowers are shown. © The Granger Collection/Image Quest 2012 Which of the following is a characteristic of Renaissance humanism shown in the painting?

The emphasis on human actions within the natural world

What impact did Emperor Constantine's establishment of the "New Rome" (Constantinople) have on the Roman Empire?

The empire became divided into an eastern half and a western half.

Which answer correctly compares the first medieval merchants to merchants of the High Middle Ages?

The first medieval merchants were peddlers who held little status or wealth, while merchants during the High Middle Ages formed guilds and often served in government council positions in their towns.

form a hypothesis.

The first step in the scientific method is to test with an experiment. form a hypothesis. draw a conclusion. analyze the data.

Earth

The geocentric theory states that the center of the universe is Earth. the sun. the moon. Jupiter.

This image illustrates which belief of Aztec leader Moctezuma?

The god Huitzilopochtli desired more blood from human sacrifices.

In an era of bad harvests, famine, and rioting, the French government took steps to improve the worsening financial crisis. What did the government do?

The government raised taxes.

preside over the growth of a large empire.

The greatest accomplishment of Philip II of Spain was to invade and occupy England. end taxation in his kingdom. preside over the growth of a large empire. spread the teachings of the Reformation.

Feudal lords granted charters to guilds, allowing them to regulate trade. What did guilds do for their lords in return?

The guilds paid taxes, helped raise armies, and provided other services for their lords.

What political practice that is still in effect today has roots in the Magna Carta?

The leader of the country should consult with others before making important decisions for the people.

the sun.

The heliocentric theory states that the center of the universe is Earth. the sun. the moon. Jupiter.

Which of the following contributed to the Iconoclast Controversy in the Byzantine Empire during the eighth and ninth centuries?

The iconoclasts' fear that adoration of icons would lead to idolatry

People support the government in exchange for rights and protection.

The ideas of the Enlightenment, including the concept of the social contract, influenced the American Revolution. Which of these statements best explains what a social contract is? People choose government representatives who write and pass laws. People rule through their elected representatives. People run the state by exerting their will. People support the government in exchange for rights and protection.

Humanism placed the value on which of the following?

The individual

Which statement best describes the introduction of a document-based essay? The introduction states the writer's viewpoint and sets up the main points of the essay. The introduction provides facts and examples that are relevant to the topic of the essay. The introduction includes information from the documents and outside sources to support the essay. The introduction reinforces the viewpoint and states what readers should take away from the essay.

The introduction states the writer's viewpoint and sets up the main points of the essay.

Why was Chaucer's knight an example of chivalry?

The knight admired truth and honor.

What resulted from the Moroccan invasion of Songhai?

The last great West African empire fell.

In the picture, the skeleton is wearing a religious hat. Which of the following statements best describes the meaning of this image?

The lavish lifestyle of church leaders may have caused the plague.

What happened to the laws and traditions of the Western Roman Empire once it fell?

The laws and traditions lived on, flourishing through the Byzantines who lived in the East.

The map shows all of the following except

The map shows all of the following except

Which of the following was a major step in reunifying the kingdoms in Spain?

The marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella

confucian

The ming government reintroduced ______ system of government

What occurred in Rome after emperors minted more coins to raise money? The new coins were rejected by the officials. The new coins were rejected by the people. The new coins lost value because of inflation. The new coins lost value because of bartering.

The new coins lost value because of inflation.

How did the Constitution overcome the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?

The new plan of government had a strong centralized government but protected state autonomy and rights.

What is one way government changed in Athens during the Golden Age?

The number of paid officials increased, which was beneficial to the lower class citizens who served in office.

What is one way government changed in Athens during the Golden Age? All citizens were declared equal, and men and women took part in government equally as a result. All citizens were declared equal, but women could take part in government only on a limited basis. The number of paid officials decreased, which allowed only wealthy citizens to hold government offices. The number of paid officials increased, which was beneficial to the lower class citizens who served in office.

The number of paid officials increased, which was beneficial to the lower class citizens who served in office.

Which major architectural influence is illustrated by the photo above?

The use of Corinthian columns and semicircular arches demonstrates the influence of classical architecture.

at were fairly mild; aches, temperature, and other symptoms. I returned to my dorm room and fell asleep without dinner. I slept until late morning, missing class and breakfast. I still had some mild symptoms, but the aches and elevated temperature were gone. I felt well enough to go to lunch and then on to my afternoon classes. I noticed that the dining room was not as full as usual. Later, in class, I also noticed a lot of students missing. By the next day, I had no symptoms at all. However, there were even fewer students in the dining room and classrooms, and several professors were also missing. My girlfriend was quite sick and through her I learned that her roommates and a large number of dorm mates were in bed very ill, too. Eventually over 80% of the student body was "hospitalized" in the dorms.—David Rex, Influenza Storybook, 1957

The pandemic was widespread and moved quickly from person to person.

Which explains why Romans were upset by the emperor's decision to create more coins? The people needed more coins to buy the same amount of food as before. The people needed fewer coins to buy the same amount of food as before. The people thought merchants inflated prices because they had more money. The people realized the coins were worth more money than before.

The people needed more coins to buy the same amount of food as before.

Which of the following is an accurate description of religious practices in Songhai?

The people of Songhai practiced both traditional spiritual beliefs and Islam.The people of Songhai practiced both traditional spiritual beliefs and Islam.

How did the Catholic Church respond to the Protestant Reformation?

The pope called for a meeting of all church leaders.

Use the following excerpt from Rule VIII of the Council of Trent's "Ten Rules Concerning Prohibited Books" to answer the question: Books whose chief contents are good but in which some things have incidentally been inserted which have reference to heresy, ungodliness, divination or superstition, may be permitted if by the authority of the general inquisition they have been purged by Catholic theologians. ...Hereafter, however, these shall not be printed till they have been corrected.-- Rule VIII of the Council of Trent's "Ten Rules Concerning Prohibited Books" What power does the Church give itself in this passage?

The power to censor parts of otherwise permitted books

What contributed to the fall of the Mughal Empire?

The revolt of Hindus against forced conversion

What was an effect of the Iconoclastic Controversy?

The revolts against Byzantine rulers began, illustrating a severe break in relations between East and West.

rumors of foreign intervention to end the revolution.

The revolution grew more violent mainly because radicals reacted to the National Assembly falling apart. prices rising to an all-time high. rumors of foreign intervention to end the revolution. prisoners running rampant after release.

The route from Regensburg in modern Germany to Constantinople was followed during several Crusades. What geographical factor accounts for the popularity of this particular route?

The route followed a large and major river.

Which of the following has helped historians learn about the Inca Empire?

The ruins of Machu Picchu

camels

The sahara desert was a significant barrier for trade. So traders began to use _____ to transport goods across the desert

loyalty

The samurai code of honor, bushido, valued what characteristic above all else? bravery persistence loyalty respect

Voltaire

The separation of church and state was important to the French people because of the power and wealth held by the clergy. Which philosopher of the Enlightenment believed in this separation? Locke Montesquieu Rousseau Voltaire

Which Reformation idea did Martin Luther support?

The superiority of faith over works as a path to salvation

introduction

The thesis statement should be included in the introduction. first body paragraph. second body paragraph. conclusion.

Considering the dangers associated with spreading a disease, why are people who are affected by communicable diseases told not to travel on airplanes?

The tight cabin space makes it easier for the disease to spread.

Use the map below that shows Spanish and Portuguese trade routes of the 16th century to answer the following question: This map of the world, with the Western Hemisphere on the left, contains arrowed lines of various colors for the explorations of different European nations. Blue lines for Portugal extend from that country southward along the west coast of Africa and the east coast of Brazil, eastward around the Cape of Good Hope, and eastward to India, Indonesia, southern China, and Japan. White lines for Spain extend from that country westward to the Caribbean Sea, across Central America by land to the Pacific Ocean, southwest to the western coast of South America, westward across the Pacific Ocean to the Philippines, then across essentially the same path in the opposite direction to return to Spain. Public Domain Which conclusion can be drawn from the map about the Portuguese and Spanish trade situation in the 16th century?

The two nations carved out different trading spheres in Latin America, Africa, and Asia

Which conclusion can be drawn from the map about the Portuguese and Spanish trade situation in the 16th century?

The two nations carved out different trading spheres in Latin America, Africa, and Asia.

Use the following image to answer the following question: Photograph of the Ospedale degli Innocenti in Florence, taken from outside the building. The building appears to have multiple stories. The front of the building is lined with several cylindrical-shaped pillars made of stone. Each pillar is spaced evenly. There is a curved symmetrical structure that spans the opening between each pillar. © 2012 Thinkstock Which major architectural influence is illustrated by the photo above?

The use of Corinthian columns and semicircular arches demonstrates the influence of classical architecture.

Which of the following individuals would likely have had the least power in the medieval hierarchy?

The wife of a villein

Which similar challenge did China and Japan face following the Sino-Japanese War? Their militaries needed to be modernized. Their isolation left them far behind Europe. They needed to nurture European allies. They needed to leave tradition behind.

Their isolation left them far behind Europe.

How did Italian city-states like Venice and Florence become major banking and trade centers?

Their location made them a natural route for travel between Europe, Africa, and Asia.

Which aspect of government does the United States have in common with the Roman Republic? Two consuls run the executive branch. Senators are elected into office for life. There are three branches of government. Governors are chosen by members of assemblies.

There are three branches of government.

The country is becoming very beautiful, and furrowed [lined] by deep valleys; the underlying rocks, being igneous, have yielded [given] fertile soil. There is great abundance of large game [animals to hunt] . . . We crossed the Mbai [River] and found in its bed rocks of pink marble. Some little hills near it are capped by marble of beautiful whiteness. Based on Livingstone's observations, why might European countries be interested in colonizing Africa? Most cities had advanced industrialization. There were vast natural resources. The large population would create a good workforce. People were wealthy, allowing them to buy European products.

There were vast natural resources.

How did hunter-gatherers deal with their environmental conditions?

They adapted to the local conditions

Which of the following did the Maya, Aztec, and Inca all have in common?

They all grew corn as their primary crop.

What did Spain, France, and Russia have in common during the 1500s and 1600s?

They all had absolute rulers who built strong, central governments.

Which of the following best describes the Muslim view of Hebrew prophets in the biblical Old Testament?

They are honored as prophets.

What element do Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur share?

They both are considered high holy days.

How were the bushido of the samurai and the code of chivalry of knights similar?

They both emphasized courage in battle.

How did the Romans bring fresh water to their cities? They diverted water from the Tiber. They built a system of aqueducts. They imported water from other countries. They built dams across the Tiber.

They built a system of aqueducts.

Why did Pacal the Great make a connection between his mother and the divine First Mother of the Mayan religion?

To add legitimacy and stability to his reign

What was the primary purpose of the Ten Commandments? A. to determine legal codes for trade B. to support the need for a prophet C. to outline divine punishment D. to describe God's rules of behavior

To describe God's rules of behavior

Who created the concept of a social contract?

Thomas Hobbes

On which river was Rome located? Tigris Euphrates Nile Tiber

Tiber

Louis XIV ruled from his lavish palace located in

Versailles.

"But when the corn-lands had no more grain and all the Romans (Byzantines) had come into an exceedingly evil plight, they surrounded Belisarius and tried to compel him to stake everything on a single battle with the enemy (Goths), promising that not one of the Romans (Byzantines) would be absent from the engagement." —History of the Wars, Book VI, Article III According to the passage, why did the Byzantines want Belisarius to stake everything in a single battle against the Goths?

To prevent starving to death

. Why did merchant guilds form in the Middle Ages?

To protect merchants and their goods

Why did craft guilds form in the Middle Ages?

To provide structure and support for artisans who shared a trade

Which of the following had the most influence on the rise of the Italian city-states?

Trade

In the 11th century, ____________ brought Islam to India?

Traders

Ibn Rushd is known for

Translating the works of Aristotle

. Which of the following groups would be most likely to create a song out of Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales?

Troubadours

decorate religious spaces.

Unlike during the Medieval period, church leaders commissioned works of art during the Renaissance to teach religious lessons. reward church supporters. demonstrate church wealth. decorate religious spaces.

How did Leonardo da Vinci's notebooks demonstrate the inventiveness of the Italian Renaissance?

V

How did political turmoil contribute to the decline of the Byzantine Empire?

Wealthy families competing for power with the emperor weakened the emperor's ability to rule

Which of the following were members of the aristocracy in Byzantine society?

Wealthy landowners

The map below shows the partition of India. Which two areas became separate Muslim majorities after the partition? West Pakistan and India India and Burma West Pakistan and East Pakistan India and East Pakistan

West Pakistan and East Pakistan

He did not support government reform.

What action made Louis XVI such an unpopular ruler? He entered France into an unpopular war. He married an Austrian princess. He did not support government reform. He refused to let the Third Estate own land.

They are ways to make sure no one has too much power.

What are checks and balances?

arabesque

What art style is this an example of? calligraphy astrolabe arabesque mosaic

eastern roman empire

What became the Byzantine empire?

Citizens wanted an end to foreign rule. Working people wanted social relief. Middle classes wanted more political power.

What caused the Revolutions of 1848 in Europe? Check all that apply. Citizens wanted an end to foreign rule. Conservatives wanted stronger monarchs. Working people wanted social relief. Middle classes wanted more political power. Liberals wanted to remove all monarchs.

They put more power in the hands of the king.

What did French aristocrats do in an effort to keep their privileges? They put more power in the hands of the king. They declared war on the king. They left the Catholic Church. They organized an elected parliament.

writing

What did Japan adapt from China?

Governments create unequal societies.

What did Jean-Jacques Rousseau think about governments?

He believed that people had the natural ability to govern their own affairs and to look after the welfare of society. He favored the idea of self government.

What did John Locke believe?

Parliament restored the monarchy.

What did Parliament do soon after the death of Oliver Cromwell? Parliament went to war with Scotland. Parliament restored the monarchy. Parliament banned the monarchy forever. Parliament imposed the Protectorate.

The Leviathan

What did Thomas Hobbes write in 1651?

the Reign of Terror

What did the guillotine symbolize? the execution of the wealthy the Reign of Terror the National Convention the power of radicals

washing their clothes

What did the mongols avoid doing because they claimed it would anger the gods?

to house them in private civilians' homes

What does it mean to "quarter" soldiers? to house them in private civilians' homes to banish them from service to force them to serve against their will to free them from prison

The American Revolution inspired other countries to declare independence.

What effect did the success of the American Revolution have internationally? The American Revolution provided the blueprint for gaining independence. The American Revolution served as a model of how to fight a revolution. The American Revolution enabled other countries to weigh the pros and cons of revolution. The American Revolution inspired other countries to declare independence.

a rebellion in Scotland

What event precipitated the English Civil War? an invasion by France a rebellion in Scotland fighting in American colonies the coronation of Charles I

Power shifted back to the National Convention.

What happened after the Committee of Public Safety began to fall apart? In order to unite, a new leader took charge. Liberals regained power and pushed out radicals. The monarchy moved in to resume power. Power shifted back to the National Convention.

He was tried and executed.

What happened to Charles I? He defeated the Cavaliers. He became a Puritan. He was tried and executed. He became a military dictator.

Other European countries declared war on France.

What impact did the French Revolution have on the rest of Europe? Other European countries became more liberal. Other European countries became more conservative. Other European countries declared war on France. Other European countries lost tourist dollars.

a journey to mecca

What is a Hajj? a book of laws a religious idol a journey to Mecca a member of an Arab tribe

a sudden overthrow of an existing government

What is a coup d'etat? a rejection of the ideas of a government a sudden overthrow of an existing government a civil war between groups within a country a war against a country that used to be an ally

A system of government in which a ruler holds total power.

What is absolutism?

a large fleet of warships

What is an armada? an army led by priests a large fleet of warships soldiers armed with bows and arrows any invading military force

They wanted few changes.

What is the best description of the Conservatives? They were the left-wingers. They wanted the king executed. They wanted few changes. They favored a republic.

Napoleon escaped from Elba, was defeated at Waterloo, and was exiled again.

What is the most accurate description of Napoleon's One Hundred Days? Napoleon escaped from Elba, was defeated at Waterloo, and died there. Napoleon escaped from Elba, was defeated at Waterloo, and was exiled again. Napoleon escaped from Elba, regained power, won at Waterloo, and died. Napoleon escaped from Elba, won at Waterloo, was captured, and was exiled again.

shoguns

Who held the most power under Japanese feudalism? emperors. landowners. warriors. shoguns.

Having three branches prevents the concentration of power in one branch.

What is the primary reason to have three branches of government? Having three branches prevents the concentration of power in one branch. Having three branches delineates specific roles for each branch. Having three branches ensures that every decision made is one everyone can agree with. Having three branches affirms absolute civilian control of the government.

The primary disagreement between the Roman Catholic Church and the Orthodox Church in the eleventh century stemmed from which of the following?

What kinds of art should be shown in churches

the Enlightenment

What movement was last to occur in Europe?

France was left deeply in debt.

What resulted from Louis XIV's constant pursuit of warfare? France conquered all of Europe. Louis was overthrown by England. France was left deeply in debt. French aristocrats were able to set up a parliament.

a strong introduction properly cited sources historical perspective

What should the draft of an informative essay include? Check all that apply. a strong introduction properly cited sources an informal style a biased viewpoint historical perspective ineffective transitions

The English monarch clashed with Parliament leaders.

What sparked the English Civil War in the 1600's?

The English monarch clashed with Parliament leaders.

What sparked the English Civil War in the 1600s? Religious groups fought over the spread of Protestantism. Farmers became divided over land divisions and rights. Peasants fought with the wealthy. The English monarch clashed with Parliament leaders.

Authority, rights, and responsibility.

What three topics became a major focus of the Enlightenment?

Some monarchs embraced new ideas from the movement.

What was a political effect of the Enlightenment?

Ordinary people won more political rights and freedoms.

What was a positive result of the Reign of Terror? The whole aristocracy was eliminated by execution. Ordinary people won more political rights and freedoms. European countries admired what France had accomplished. The church ended up supporting the National Assembly.

having extensive privileges

What was one advantage of being a member of the Second Estate? having access to the king being a small part of the population being able to participate in business or trade having extensive privileges

Hobbes believed life without government was difficult, while Locke believed people have the right to rebel.

What was one difference between the ideas of Hobbes and Locke?

moveable type

What was one notable invention during the Song Dynasty?

gunpowder

What was one notable invention during the Tang Dynasty? gunpowder silk trade moveable type civil service exams

It set a precedent for monarchs sharing power with Parliament.

What was so "glorious" about the Glorious Revolution? It set a precedent for monarchs sharing power with Parliament. It meant that France and Spain would never again challenge England. It did away with the constitutional monarchy. It meant that the king and queen could be members of any religious group.

Napoleon enlisted Spain's help in forming a strong navy, but he was defeated anyway.

What was the contributing factor to Napoleon's defeat at the Battle of Trafalgar? Spain allied with Britain, and together they defeated France's weak navy. Napoleon enlisted Spain's help in forming a strong navy, but he was defeated anyway. The allied forces, made up of all countries in Europe except France, defeated the French. Spain refused Napoleon's request for help and turned against France.

Nicolaus Copernicus

Who proposed the heliocentric theory? Nicolaus Copernicus Galileo Galilei Johannes Kepler Isaac Newton

biased

When writing a draft of an informative essay, a writer should try to avoid including information from ____ sources. biased specific online historical

mecca

Where do Muslim pilgrims travel to as part of their religion? Sharia Qur'an Mecca Islam

The founding documents for the United States.

Where were many of the ideas of Enlightenment later incorporated?

Zheng He

Which Ming emperor had a series of expeditions to discover foreign lands?

a large and rich empire in South America

Which best describes the Incas? a large and rich empire in South America a small and poor indigenous tribe in Central America a large and rich empire in Mexico a small and poor indigenous tribe in South America

They give clear examples and offer supporting details about the turning point while citing sources.

Which best describes the body paragraphs of an informative essay about a turning point? They familiarize readers with the turning point and set up the ideas that will be presented. They establish the main point of the essay and tell readers what the writer's position is. They tie the essay together and tell readers what they have learned and should remember. They give clear examples and offer supporting details about the turning point while citing sources.

It ties the essay together and tell readers what they have learned and should remember.

Which best describes the conclusion of an informative essay about a turning point? It familiarizes readers with the turning point and cites the facts that were presented. It establishes the main point of the essay and states the writer's position on the topic. It ties the essay together and tell readers what they have learned and should remember. It gives clear examples and offers supporting details about the turning point while citing sources.

a social and political system

Which best describes what France's Old Regime was? an economic system rule by the monarchy the estates a social and political system

Boyle discovered the relationship between pressure and gas volumes, while Newton discovered the law of gravity.

Which describes a difference between Robert Boyle and Isaac Newton? Boyle created the coordinate plane system, while Newton discovered deductive reasoning. Boyle discovered the law of gravity, while Newton created the coordinate plane system. Boyle discovered the laws of motion, while Newton discovered the relationship between pressure and gas volumes. Boyle discovered the relationship between pressure and gas volumes, while Newton discovered the law of gravity.

It shows a student's point of view on a topic.

Which describes a purpose of a thesis statement? It identifies what readers should know going forward. It shows a student's point of view on a topic. It supports a student's point of view on a topic. It summarizes what readers should take away.

They farm land owned by someone else.

Which describes tenant farmers? They farm and live on the same land. They rent land to other farmers to use. They live in cities and work in rural areas. They farm land owned by someone else.

the US Constitution

Which document provided a model plan of government to other nations? the Declaration of Independence the US Constitution the Articles of Confederation the Bill of Rights

abbasid

Which dynasty was in power during Islam's Golden Age? Abbasid Umayyad Persian Byzantine

Peasants began attacking the aristocracy.

Which event immediately followed the storming of the Bastille? Peasants began attacking the aristocracy. Louis XVI stepped down. The Estates-General was dissolved. Government troops attacked the National Assembly.

Read the excerpt from an informational document. Trade was necessary to the functioning of the Japanese economy. When Japan entered the first stage of its modernization in the nineteenth century, it had become dependent on other parts of the world for markets and raw materials. Raw materials for heavy industry were so strategically important they were placed in separate category from the rest of Japan's imports. As a result, it was essential to ensure the security of the areas that supplied Japan and the trade routes that must be traveled, to ensure a reliable supply. Iron for the steel industry was of particular concern as Japan was almost wholly dependent upon imports . . . . The nearest major sources of iron were in Manchuria and northern China. —From Japanese Imperialism, 1987 Which facts support the thesis that trade helped Japan modernize its economy? Check all that apply. Japan considered raw materials to be important. Japan began modernizing in the eighteenth century. Japan depended on imports to obtain iron. Japan ensured the security of trade routes. Japan located major sources of iron in China

Which facts support the thesis that trade helped Japan modernize its economy? Check all that apply. Japan considered raw materials to be important. Japan depended on imports to obtain iron. Japan ensured the security of trade routes. Japan located major sources of iron in China

the aristocracy

Which group paid the least in taxes under the Old Regime? the aristocracy the clergy the bourgeoisie the peasants

effective transitions

Which is an important part of revising an essay about a turning point? identifying the turning point effective transitions analyzing the writing prompt effective research

He believed in some Enlightenment ideals but not in social reform.

Which is the best description of Napoleon Bonaparte? He was an extraordinary soldier but not a good commander in chief. He believed in some Enlightenment ideals but not in social reform. He believed a return to the monarchy was the only thing to save France. He refused to sign a peace treaty with the European powers at war's end..

no taxation without representation

Which key concept did Charles I agree to in the Petition of Right (1628)? no Parliament no hereditary monarchy no taxation without representation no state religion

i. The heliocentric theory is published. ii. The scientific method is developed. iii. Galileo argues for Copernicus. iv. Isaac Newton develops calculus. (last one)

Which list states achievements from the Scientific Revolution in the correct order? i. The heliocentric theory is published. ii. Galileo argues for Copernicus. iii. Isaac Newton develops calculus. iv. The scientific method is invented. i. Galileo argues for Copernicus. ii. The heliocentric theory is published. iii. The scientific method is invented. iv. Isaac Newton develops calculus. i. Galileo argues for Copernicus. ii. Isaac Newton develops calculus. iii. The heliocentric theory is published. iv. The scientific method is invented. i. The heliocentric theory is published. ii. The scientific method is developed. iii. Galileo argues for Copernicus. iv. Isaac Newton develops calculus.

the Enlightenment

Which movement happened last in Europe? the Enlightenment the Middle Ages the Reformation the Renaissance

Oliver Cromwell was an enemy of the king.

Which of these best describes Oliver Cromwell? Oliver Cromwell was a supporter of the king. Oliver Cromwell was a member of the nobility. Oliver Cromwell was a devout Catholic. Oliver Cromwell was an enemy of the king.

Absolute rulers have no checks on their power.

Which of these statements best describes absolute rulers? Absolute rulers' powers are checked only by the military. Absolute rulers are figureheads who carry out the Church's wishes. Absolute rulers depend on the advice of a parliament. Absolute rulers have no checks on their power.

it was compiled after muhammad's death

Which statement about the Qur'an is true? It is a collection of Muhammad's prophecies. It written in both Arabic and Hebrew. It was compiled after Muhammad's death. It is a book that Muslims follow only during specific religious events.

Women had little political or economic power.

Which statement about women's power during the Renaissance is true? Women had great political power but little economic power. Women had great political and economic power. Women had little political or economic power. Women had great economic power but little political power.

People are naturally reasonable.

Which statement best characterizes the ideas of John Locke? People are naturally reasonable. People are naturally selfish and violent. Governments create unequal societies. Government should be separate from religion.

Luther taught that salvation came from faith alone, while the Church taught that both faith and good works could bring about salvation.

Which statement best compares the ideas of Martin Luther to the ideas of the Catholic Church in the 1500s? Luther taught that salvation came from faith alone, while the Church taught that both faith and good works could bring about salvation. Luther taught that priests and popes were closer to God, while the Church taught that all Christians were equal in God's view. Luther believed the Bible should remain in Latin, while the Church believed the Bible should be translated into different languages. Luther believed people should pay for their sins to be forgiven, while the Church believed people should not pay for forgiveness.

Which statement best describes the role of Roman women? Roman women had many more rights than other women of the time. Roman women had the same rights as women in other societies. Roman women had fewer rights than women in other societies. Roman women had even more rights than women do today.

Which statement best describes the role of Roman women?

The scientific method was a new way to solve problems and do research.

Which statement best describes the scientific method? The scientific method was a new theory about the planets and the sun. The scientific method was a new way to solve problems and do research. The scientific method was a way to reason developed by the ancient Greeks. The scientific method was a set of theories that countered Church teachings.

The Scientific Revolution changed people's understanding of the world.

Which statement best explains how the Scientific Revolution changed ways of thinking? The Scientific Revolution changed people's understanding of the world. The Scientific Revolution caused people to question their religious beliefs. The Scientific Revolution brought back ideas like humanism and realism. The Scientific Revolution resulted in a revival of classical ways of thinking.

The colonists equated a lack of representation with a lack of consent to be ruled.

Which statement best explains why taxation without representation was a major issue for the colonists? The colonists wanted more influence over how taxes were spent. The colonists equated a lack of representation with a lack of consent to be ruled. The colonists sought more control of tax collection to keep the money in the colonies. The colonists felt that the collection of taxes violated their natural rights.F

c

Which statement correctly describes the Tang Dynasty? a) The dynasty established civil service exams to identify the best workers for government positions. b) The dynasty encouraged artists in different fields to produce jade carvings and porcelain sculpture. c) The dynasty created a vast empire that stretched from the East China Sea far into western China. d) The dynasty promoted virtuous leaders and scholars who studied the teachings of Confucius.

Socrates taught that reasoning was the way to truth.

Which statement describes the Greek philosopher Socrates? Socrates developed a theory about the universe. Socrates taught that reasoning was the way to truth. Socrates wrote a book on the principles of geometry. Socrates built an advanced version of the astrolabe.

authority, rights, responsibility

Which three topics became a major focus of the Enlightenment? astronomy, mathematics, physics classicism, humanism, realism authority, rights, responsibility faith, religion, spirituality

Jacobins and the Conservatives

Which two factions disagreed on the revolution's path? the Liberals and the Conservatives the Liberals and Jacobins Jacobins and the Conservatives Jacobins and the Third Estate

turning Russia into a modern, powerful nation

Which was Peter the Great responsible for? reforming Russia and making it a republic giving power to Russia's highest ranking noblemen turning Russia into a modern, powerful nation following a policy of peace with Russia's neighbors

Nationalism began to grow and spread.

Which was a result of the peace conference led by Prince Mitternich of Austria? Europe's monarchies no longer held power. The revolution's democratic ideals were accepted. Britain's and Prussia's power were weakened. Nationalism began to grow and spread.

the historical context of the text.

While reviewing documents for an informative essay, it is most important to consider how to paraphrase the text. the historical context of the text. if the text has effective language. if the text includes photographs.

Copernicus

Who challenged the Aristotelian model of a geocentric universe that began the Scientific Revolution? Kepler Galileo Newton Copernicus

Thomas Hobbes

Who created the concept of a social contract? Thomas Hobbes John Locke Baron de Montesquieu Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Francis Bacon

Who created the scientific method? Francis Bacon René Descartes Robert Boyle Johannes Kepler

Aristotle

Who developed the geocentric theory? Aristotle. Euclid. Galileo. Socrates.

Isaac Newton

Who discovered how gravity affects objects on Earth? Francis Bacon René Descartes Robert Boyle Isaac Newton

Johannes Kepler

Who discovered the three laws of planetary motion? Nicolaus Copernicus Galileo Galilei Johannes Kepler Isaac Newton

Restrictions interfered with individuals' pursuit of economic self-interest.

Why could the British restriction of trade be considered a violation of natural rights? Restrictions interfered with individuals' pursuit of economic self-interest. Restrictions sacrificed trade that would have benefited the colonies for the Crown's benefit. Restrictions inhibited the natural right to property by denying colonists access to goods. Restrictions denied colonists the right to conduct business with foreign powers.

He wanted it to reflect European culture.

Why did Peter the Great call his new capital city a "window on Europe"? He wanted it to reflect European culture. He introduced the first European-style windows to Russia. He wanted to build a city close to Europe but far from the sea. He wanted his capital to be the opposite of all things European.

It was a radical change in people's understanding of the universe and Earth's place in it.

Why did many scientists reject the Copernican model when it was published? It proposed that gravity affects motion on Earth, which sounded unbelievable to many people. It supported the teachings of the Catholic Church during the spread of the Protestant Reformation. It presented an unfamiliar method of conducting research and creating new scientific theories. It was a radical change in people's understanding of the universe and Earth's place in it.

They wanted to find ways to benefit ordinary citizens.

Why did the Third Estate form the National Assembly? They hoped to persuade the king to lower taxes. They wanted the Estates-General to deal with the problem of famine. They wanted to find ways to benefit ordinary citizens. They hoped to force the Estates-General into removing the king.

He wanted France to lose its war against Austria and have his power restored.

Why was King Louis XVI tried for treason? He wanted the radicals sent to prison so he could regain the throne. He wanted France to lose its war against Austria and have his power restored. He wanted to flee with his wife Marie Antoinette to avoid the guillotine. He wanted the National Convention disbanded so he could again be king.

He failed to respond to the needs of the people.

Why was Louis XVI considered ineffectual? He decreased the taxes on the aristocracy. He failed to respond to the needs of the people. He enjoyed spending money lavishly. He was advised only by the clergy.

Taxation without representation indicated a lack of agreement between the government and the governed.

Why was taxation without representation considered a violation of the social contract? Taxation without representation indicated a lack of agreement between the government and the governed. Taxation without representation violated the colonists' natural right to property. Taxation without representation meant the members of Parliament were no longer following the people's will. Taxation without representation ignored the colonists' legal right to have the colonial government, not the British government, determine taxes.

It stated that the law was higher than the king.

Why was the Petition of Right (1628) of such importance? It gave the king unlimited power. It stated that the law was higher than the king. It restored the monarchy. It made Puritanism the official religion of England.

Which statement best describes the population of ancient Rome? With a population of about a million, ancient Rome was a large city. Compared to cities today, Rome was more like a town or village in size. Ancient Rome was smaller than any city today. Ancient Rome was bigger than any of today's cities.

With a population of about a million, ancient Rome was a large city.

umayyad

Women... - played important role in compiling Qur'an - could own their own businesses and inherit property

abbasid

Women... - were confined to home and began to veil themselves in public - societies became more paternalistic - islamic law preserved certain rights denied in other societies

Read the conclusion to an informative essay. The invention of the printing press was a turning point in history. In addition to increasing the availability of books and the spread of new ideas, it also led to significant political change and radical changes to the religion of Europe. This forever altered the course of history. Which phrase best supports the conclusion about the printing press?

X "altered the course of history"

Which describes a purpose of a thesis statement?

X It supports a student's point of view on a topic.

Why was Russia's defeat of France the turning point in the Napoleonic Wars?

X The people of France no longer supported Napoleon.

Read this passage, noting which details are relevant, and which are unnecessary. The deeply indented coastline of Japan provides a number of excellent harbors on the Pacific coast, and its shores abound in fish of all kinds, the rich supplies of which have for centuries constituted one of the chief articles of food of the people. The fishing industries have helped to provide Japan with a recruiting-ground for one of the strongest and most formidable navies of modern times. You are trying to find facts and evidence to answer the research question, "How has Japan's geography affected its development?" Which of these details would be relevant? deeply indented coastline excellent harbors shores abound in fish of all kinds rich supplies of fish one of the chief articles of food most formidable navies

You are trying to find facts and evidence to answer the research question, "How has Japan's geography affected its development?" Which of these details would be relevant? excellent harbors rich supplies of fish one of the chief articles of food most formidable navies

Dante Alighieri

a Renaissance writer considered one of the greatest poets of all time is -Thomas More -Niccolo Machiavelli -Dante Alighieri -Baldassare Castiglione

Early Christianity is described as being a sect of Judaism. What is a sect? a branch of a larger religious group a religion that opposes the beliefs of another. a fundamentalist branch within a larger religious group a Christian group that operates within another religion

a branch of a larger religious group

Which are symbolic representations on statues of Buddha?

a bump on head, long earlobes, heavy-lidded eyes

Which are symbolic representations on statues of Buddha? long earlobes, an enlarged belly, a bump on head a bump on head, long earlobes, heavy-lidded eyes short earlobes, a long neck, a bump on head a bump on head, an enlarged belly, short earlobes

a bump on head, long earlobes, heavy-lidded eyes

What did the Mayas develop?

a calendar based on a solar year of 365 days

What did the Mayas develop? intricate roads to connect different parts of their empire stone carvings that showed images of their rulers a calendar based on a solar year of 365 days an urban area with a system of canals

a calendar based on a solar year of 365 days

religion

a common theme found in both Medieval art and Renaissance art is -religion -music -nature -science

schism

a division among the members of a group

secret police

a government-run organization that investigates and prosecutes those suspected of disloyalty to the government

jade

a green stone often used in carvings

slavs

a group of many nationalities who speak similar languages and who live primarily in Eastern and Central Europe

patriarch

a high ranking official in the church

expedition

a journey or trip taken for a purpose

What is a Hajj?

a journey to Mecca

pilgrimage

a journey to a holy place, usually made for religious reasons

hajj

a journey to mecca that each muslim must take once in his or her lifetime

Which best describes an ancient Greek tragedy? a play about human emotions with a sad hero a play with very satirical themes or tones a novel with a very sad or serious story a novel with a lot of action and suspense

a play about human emotions with a sad hero

plague

a quickly spreading disease that kills a large number of people

What event precipitated the English Civil War? an invasion by France a rebellion in Scotland fighting in American colonies the coronation of Charles I

a rebellion in Scotland

prophet

a religious figure who has come to deliver a message from God

An effect of the Enlightenment in the 1700's was

a rise in support for representative gov't

In the 1700s, an effect of the Enlightenment was

a rise in support for representative government.

principality

a small territory that is ruled by a prince

caliph

a spiritual and political leader of the muslim faith

What should the draft of an informative essay include?

a strong introduction properly cited sources historical perspective

feudalism

a system in which land was exchanged for service to a ruler

hierarchy

a system that categorizes things and placed them in different levels

During the Golden Age of Athens, a tribute was a soldier in the military. a tax paid to the empire. a city-state under Athens' rule. a leader in the government

a tax paid to the empire.

porcelain

a very delicate form of white ceramic

Solomon was best known as a wise king. a tolerant leader. a wealthy prophet. a frugal man.

a wise king.

The Hellenistic Age was characterized by advancements in science and culture in the final era of ancient Greece. military campaigns that helped create one of the largest empires in history. a war between two powerful Greek city-states that lasted almost thirty years. a huge empire led by Rome that stretched from Europe into Africa and Asia.

advancements in science and culture in the final era of ancient Greece.f

declined

after constantinople fell, christian rule ______

The teachings of Jesus could be best described as a focus on acceptance and love for all, especially the poor and weak true believers above all others. those who became Christian. Roman officials, to win their approval.

all, especially the poor and weak

The US Constitution was attractive to many because it outlive a representative democracy, which

allows citizens to vote for representatives within government.

cyrillic

an alphabet used for Slavic languages, such as Russian, that is adapted from the Greek alphabet

The Athenian political system included an assembly. a legislature. a judicial branch. an executive branch.

an assembly.

One result of the Great Famine in Europe was

an increase in death rates

One result of the Great Famine in Europe was the persecution of Jews. a loss of religious faith. an increase in death rates. new types of warfare.

an increase in death rates.

Citizens participated in the government of Athens by debating issues and making decisions in the assembly. selecting politicians who represented their interests. following the laws created by rulers and other leaders. voting for laws established by appointed officials.

debating issues and making decisions in the assembly.

After winning power, the Jacobins sought strong leadership to face overwhelming challenges by

deciding to form the Committee of Public Safety.

Unlike during the Medieval period, church leaders commissioned works of art during the Renaissance to teach religious lessons. reward church supporters. demonstrate church wealth. decorate religious spaces.

decorate religious spaces.

hereditary

describes a position that is awarded as a result of one's birth

As writers revise document-based essays, they should make sure relevant facts and have been included.

detail

Urbanization of Europe in the High Middle Ages resulted in the

development of medieval guild towns and cities

After Charles I became king, tensions increased when he freed all prisoners from jail throughout the country. formed an alliance with England's traditional enemies, France and Spain. asked Parliament to take over the role of taxation. dissolved Parliament when members refused to give him funds.

dissolved Parliament when members refused to give him funds.

One way Diocletian brought short-term order to Rome involved giving half of the empire to Germanic tribes. executing enemies who spoke against the empire. dividing the empire into eastern and western regions. implementing a new monetary system in the empire.

dividing the empire into eastern and western regions.

steppe

dry, grassy plains in southeastern Europe and northern Asia

When the police arrest someone today, they must follow certain agreed-upon procedures. They are said to be following the rule of law. the separation of powers. due process. the legislative branch.

due process.

increase

during 500s, japan's imperial rulers began to ______ contact with china

When Russia and Britain established spheres of influence in Persia, Russia and Britain ______ each gained partial control of Persia's economy. together shared total control of Persia's government. together shared total control of Persia's economy. each gained partial control of Persia's government.

each gained partial control of Persia's economy.

Britain and Russia managed to peacefully share control of Persia by letting Persia decide how to divide its assets. setting up a joint committee to oversee resources. agreeing to share all duties of a protectorate. each taking charge of their own part of Persia.

each taking charge of their own part of Persia.

Unlike the monarchy in a feudal system, the wealthy and powerful citizens who controlled Italian city-states were more focused on

economic activity and development

The British takeover of Egypt was an example of British expansionism. industrialization. colonization. economic imperialism.

economic imperialism.

Athens placed the greatest emphasis on government. education. religion. culture.

education

Which is an important part of revising an essay about a turning point?

effective transitions

What did China agree to do once the Treaty of Nanjing was signed? Check all that apply. eliminate all tariffs on imported goods create a "fair and reasonable" tariff allow Britain to trade at five ports surrender the territory of Hong Kong surrender the island of Taiwan

eliminate all tariffs on imported goods create a "fair and reasonable" tariff allow Britain to trade at five ports surrender the territory of Hong Kong surrender the island of Taiwan

umayyads

first great muslim dynasty after rule of caliphs

Look at the picture of the Colosseum in Rome today. The shape and size of the Colosseum is much like a modern-day outdoor arena where people watch gladiator contests. golf matches. football games. basketball games.

football games.

The shape and size of the Colosseum is much like a modern-day outdoor arena where people watch gladiator contests. golf matches. football games. basketball games.

football games.

How long did Charlemagne's empire have an influence on Europe?

for more than eight hundred years

kowtowing

foreigners must acknowledge superiority of chinese emperor by _______

The first step in the scientific method is to

form a hypothesis.

After the coup d'etat and the resignation of the Directory, one of the first things Napoleon did was to

form a military dictatorship.

Following the end of the Sino-Japanese War, the peace treaty gave Japan an area in Manchuria as well as Taiwan, which was also called .

formosa

sundiata

founded Mali

genghis khan

founded the mongol empire

ghazis

founders of ottoman state

Who was forced to raise food for the soldiers? helots women free non-citizens the soldiers themselves

helots

Climate and environment affected what choice for hunter-gatherers?

housing

5

how many pillars of islam are there?

5

how many times a day must followers pray, according to the five pillars of islam

Which list of events of the Athenian Empire is in the correct chronological order? i. A plague broke out in Athens. ii. The Peloponnesian War began. iii. Athens lost its ruler and its power. iv. The Delian League was formed. i. A plague broke out in Athens. ii. The Delian League was formed. iii. Athens lost its ruler and its power. iv. The Peloponnesian War began. i. The Delian League was formed. ii. A plague broke out in Athens. iii. Athens lost its ruler and its power. iv. The Peloponnesian War began. i. The Delian League was formed. ii. The Peloponnesian War began. iii. A plague broke out in Athens. iv. Athens lost its ruler and its power.

i. The Delian League was formed. ii. The Peloponnesian War began. iii. A plague broke out in Athens. iv. Athens lost its ruler and its power.

Which list states events of the Enlightenment in the correct order?

i. The English Civil War comes to an end. ii. Locke builds on the ideas of Hobbes. iii. Montesquieu publishes Spirit of Laws. iv. Rousseau publishes The Social Contract.

Classical Greek sculpture was characterized by the portrayal of rough, angry ideas. idealized, lifelike bodies. strange, odd shapes. strong, fiery emotions.

idealized, lifelike bodies.

Which of these is the most common characteristic of a political map?

identification of cities, states, and countries

Which of these is the most common characteristic of a political map? identification of cities, states, and countries presence of topography and boundaries labels for continents and oceans key for natural resources

identification of cities, states, and countries

The end of dynastic rule in China was ultimately due to greed. opium. imperialism. isolationism.

imperialism.

One of Jawaharlal Nehru's first duties as India's Prime Minister was to end fighting between Muslims and Hindus. relocate the post-partition refugees. improve living standards for Indians. establish a state religion in India.

improve living standards for Indians.

Under new imperialism, Europe did not need large numbers of people to control territories because of decades of proven leadership under old imperialism. improved transportation, communication, and other advantages. carefully forged relationships with colonies' existing governments. strong central control from within European nations.

improved transportation, communication, and other advantages.

mughal

in 1526, Babur became the first _________ emperor

abandoned

in the yuan dynasty, civil service exams were ____

Nationalist movements in the Ottoman Empire resulted in growth and a stronger empire. independence or self-rule for many territories. new alliances with many European nations. a smaller but more stable empire.

independence or self-rule for many territories.

missionary

person who travels to another place to convert others to his or her faith

The Pax Romana ended in 180 CE after over one hundred fifty years in existence. The end of this era ushered in a period of inflation. foreign wars. religious wars. political instability.

political instability.

Common law refers to laws determined through due process. precedent. the rule of law. the separation of powers.

precedent

Use the excerpt to answer the following question: "The precepts of the law are these: to live honestly, to injure no one, and to give every man his due. The study of law consists of two branches, law public and law private. The former relates to the welfare of the Roman State; the latter to the advantage of the individual citizen. Of private law then we may say that it is of threefold origin, being collected from the precepts of nature, from those of the law of nations, or from those of the civil law of Rome." Source: From The Institutes of Justinian, B. Moyle, trans.3rd ed. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1896), pp. 3-5. This excerpt from the Justinian Code shows how the Byzantine Empire

preserved Greco-Roman culture

tribute

princes collected ______ for mongol leaders

What does this map of British India in 1860 show? provinces ruled by East India Company and trading states provinces ruled by East India Company and manufacturing states provinces ruled by the British raj and states controlled by Indian monarchs provinces ruled by sepoys and states controlled by Mughal empire

provinces ruled by the British raj and states controlled by Indian monarchs

knowledge

quest for ____ was prized in islam's golden age

Someone who supports extreme changes in a society is a

radical.

Because Philip II wanted a standing army, he found it necessary to

raise taxes.

As a result of the Crimean War, Russia won exclusive trading rights with Crimea. decided to end its involvement in the Middle East. formed a powerful alliance with France and Britain. realized it needed to build up its military.

realized it needed to build up its military.

As a result of the Crimean War, Russia won exclusive trading rights with Crimea. decided to end its involvement in the Middle East. formed a powerful alliance with France and Britain. realized it needed to build up its military. This map shows the Athenian Empire.

realized it needed to build up its military.

By building military bases around the world, imperialist nations mainly aimed to resupply naval vessels. protect far-flung colonies. initiate wars in several places at once. avoid warfare within their own nation.

resupply naval vessels.

In 1815, Napoleon escaped from Elba in order to

retake his power as emperor and retain the empire.

declined

rights of women ______ over time

The Via Appia was one of the earliest Roman coliseum. novels. aquaducts. roads.

roads.

In France, philosophes discussed Enlightenment ideas in

salons

In France, philosophes discussed Enlightenment ideas in

salons.

By following Jesus's teachings, Christians believe they can attain inner peace. wealth and power. salvation happiness.

salvation

Bushi who served a lord eventually came to be called

samurai

honor

samurai swords=______

The working people of France were called the

sans-coulotte.

One result of the Scientific Revolution was the ________ , which was a new way to solve problems and conduct research.

scientific method

All of the following represent innovations in land use in the Middle Ages except

the ownership by individuals of small farms

indira Gandhi became India's first female prime minister because her father named her as his successor. the people of India voted her in. she was next in line after her father's assassination. she was thought to be someone who could modernize India.

the people of India voted her in.

complete

the pope had ______ authority

What key power did the British Parliament hold by 1600?

the power to tax

tsar

the ruler of the Russian Empire

The end of law is not to abolish or restrain, but to preserve and enlarge freedom. For in all the states of created beings, capable of laws, where there is no law there is no freedom. The quotation supports Locke's belief in

the social contract between people and government.

bureaucracy

the structure of government, including the large group of people who work to help it function

The heliocentric theory states that the center of the universe is

the sun.

Which feature of Timbuktu helped make it a center of intellectual advances and culture?

the university

roman catholic church

the western church became the ______ ________ _____

both

the western pope claimed authority on ____ churches

Early Christians were persecuted for their beliefs. Which belief in particular made others suspicious of Christians? their refusal to worship Roman gods their belief in the afterlife their belief that Jesus was the son of God their acceptance of Judaism

their refusal to worship Roman gods

The Peloponnesian War lasted for almost ten years. twenty years. thirty years. forty years.

thirty years.

How many branches of government did the Roman Republic have? one two three four

three

When the National Assembly broke off from the Estates-General, what was the assembly's intent?

to achieve genuine government reform

Why did Romans create a written code of law? to confuse their enemies and block invasions to allow citizens to see and understand the law to spread literature throughout the republic to serve as the basis for a new religion

to allow citizens to see and understand the law

adopt

to being to use

unify

to bring people or things together

After the National Assembly was locked out of the Estates-General meeting, members of the assembly met on a tennis court in Versailles and swore the Tennis Court Oath. What vow did they make with this oath?

to continue to work until France had a constitution

Why did European powers compete for control of Muslim states? Check all that apply. to win trade rights in Russia to control natural resources in Persia to claim territory in the Persian Gulf to gain access to the Middle East to control trade routes to India

to control natural resources in Persia to gain access to the Middle East to control trade routes to India

What was the overall purpose of the Declaration of the Rights of Man?

to create a government responsive to the people

compile

to create or put together

This is a picture of a peaceful protest march. What is the most likely reason for the march? to protest slavery to demand workers' rights to demand women's suffrage to protest child labor

to demand women's suffrage

ottoman turks

who conquered the Byzantine empire?

Ilkhanate

who declared islam to be the state religion in 1295?

Kublai khan

who defeated the last song emperor, bringing the song dynasty to an end?

Akbar

who ended taxes on non-muslims?

Ivan III

who ended the mongol rule by refusing to pay tribute?

Hongwu

who established the Ming dynasty?

wang kin

who founded the Koryo dynasty?

Taizu

who founded the song dynasty?

kublai khan

who founded the yuan dynasty?

Theodora

who is considered the most powerful woman in Byzantine history?

Muhammad

who is the founder of islam?

pope

who led the western church in rome?

vladimir I

who made orthodox christianity the state religion of Kiev?

Justinian

who organized laws of the Byzantine empire?

Ivan IV

who revised the code of laws and ruled justly at the beginning of his reign?

tan taizong

who unified china under the Tang dynasty?

After creating an outline for an informative essay, a student should

write the draft.

Thomas Hobbes

wrote The Leviathan in 1651

Euclid was an ancient Greek scholar who wrote a geometry textbook that was used for nearly 2,000 years. calculated the value of the infinite number known as pi. computed the circumference of planet Earth. developed military tactics that still apply today.

wrote a geometry textbook that was used for nearly 2,000 years.

Spain and Portugal competed over territory in North America as a result of the voyages of Ferdinand Magellan. Vasco da Gama. Bartolomeu Dias. Christopher Columbus.

Christopher Columbus.

da Vinci

During the Renaissance, an artist who was considered a "Renaissance man" because of his expertise in several areas was -Michelangelo -Dontaello -Da Vinci Botticelli

Why were banks created in medieval England?

Merchants needed a place to exchange currency from other countries.

Which describes a difference between the attacks of Arab Muslim armies and the attacks of Ottoman Turk armies on the Byzantine Empire? Muslim armies began attacking the Empire in 700, while Turk armies captured Constantinople in 1453. Muslim armies conquered Egypt and Syria in 700, while Turk armies captured the Orthodox Church in 1453. Muslim armies seized Constantinople in 1453, while Turk armies seized other Byzantine lands starting in 700. Muslim armies conquered Anatolia in 700, while Turk armies captured Egypt and Syria in 1453.

Muslim armies began attacking the Empire in 700, while Turk armies captured Constantinople in 1453.

Which statement best explains the importance of the Age of Discovery? The Age of Discovery was the beginning of globalization. The Age of Discovery established longer trade routes. The Age of Discovery covered a very short time in history. The Age of Discovery explained the rise of freedom movements.

WRONG ANSWER:The Age of Discovery explained the rise of freedom movements. RIGHT ANSWER:The Age of Discovery was the beginning of globalization.

A goal of which revolution(s) was the restoration of a Protestant monarch? the Glorious Revolution the French and Glorious revolutions the American and Glorious revolutions the French Revolution

WRONG ANSWER:the American and Glorious revolutions RIGHT ANSWER:the French Revolution

the Reformation

differing interpretations of the Bible by Christians in Europe eventually led to -the Reformation -the Hundred Years War -the Black Plague -the Italian wars

missionaries

during the 1500's, many Jesuits became -rebels -princes -heretics -missionaries.

photography

during the Renaissance, Italian cities became centers of - photography - warfare - banking - transportation

Peace of Augsburg

ended conflict between German princes and Holy Roman Emperor

In The Prince, Machiavelli argues that leaders maintain power through

fear and cruelty.

.Read the excerpt from the History of Herodotus, Book 2. Egypt . . . is an acquired country, the gift of the river. This quotation from Herodotus, a Greek who traveled in Egypt, is about how the Nile River enabled ancient Egyptian civilization to develop and succeed. What specifically was the river's gift?

fertile soil

Which best describes how the pharaohs' used art and architecture?

for celebrations

Louis XIV is considered a perfect example of an absolute monarch because he

held all power in France and claimed to represent God on Earth.

Louis XIV is considered a perfect example of an absolute monarch because he gave more political power to ordinary French citizens. reigned during a period of peaceful relations with France's neighbors. held all power in France and claimed to represent God on Earth. left the throne and called for free elections to choose a successor.

held all power in France and claimed to represent God on Earth.

he applied them to society

how did Thomas More's work help spread humanistic ideas? -he applied them to the church -he applied them to society -he applied them to theater. he applied them to the arts.

Agreement reached by Council of Trent

seminars should be established to train priests.

During the Scientific Revolution, both Copernicus and Galileo opposed a new theory of the universe related to the motion of Earth and other planets. opposed the study of the sun, moon, and stars because it was considered heresy. supported a theory of the universe that contradicted the teachings of the Catholic Church. supported the geocentric theory in opposition to the beliefs of most Christians at the time.

supported a theory of the universe that contradicted the teachings of the Catholic Church.

Lutheranism

the concept of predestination was a major part of -Anglicanism -Calvinism -Lutheranism -Presbyterianism

read

the popularity of the Gutenberg press in Europe made books more accessible and motivated people to want to learn how to... -write -paint -read -travel

What key power did the British Parliament hold by 1600? the power to tax the power to choose a king the power to try those accused of crimes the power to declare war

the power to tax

a refusal to accept the spread of Protestantism

the quotation from the Council of Trent is most likely about -a refusal to accept the spread of Protestantism -a vote of support for the Church of England - a call to arms against the Catholic Church - a desire to end the sale of indulgences

Boyle's law explains the way to develop an idea and design an experiment. the impact of gravity on the motion of objects on Earth. the relationship between pressure and the volume of gas. the elliptical orbit of Earth and other planets around the sun.

the relationship between pressure and the volume of gas.

Which feature of Timbuktu helped make it a center of intellectual advances and culture? the library the mosque the museum the university

the university

Lutherans

these people had to change their religion or leave the state if a German prince decided a state was Catholic in issues.

Louis XIV called himself the "Sun King" because he

thought that, like the sun, he was at the center of the French universe.

Martin Luther

who launched the Protestant Reformation it the 1500's? -John Calvin -Henry VIII -Martin Luther -John Wycliffe

How is India distinct from the rest of Asia?

It is a subcontinent.

Why was the Petition of Right (1628) of such importance? It gave the king unlimited power. It stated that the law was higher than the king. It restored the monarchy. It made Puritanism the official religion of England.

It stated that the law was higher than the king.

Which statement about the Qur'an is true? It is a collection of Muhammad's prophecies. It written in both Arabic and Hebrew. It was compiled after Muhammad's death. It is a book that Muslims follow only during specific religious events.

It was compiled after Muhammad's death.

developing new, realistic techiques

Jan Van Eyck contributed to Renaissance art by -developing new, realistic techniques -painting realistic watercolors of animals. - developing precise, stylistic techniques. - painting realistic watercolors of landscapes.

Read the following quotation from Catholic bishop Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet at the court of Louis XIV. Rulers then act as the ministers of God and as his lieutenants on earth. It is through them that God exercises his empire. . . . Consequently, as we have seen, the royal throne is not the throne of a man, but the throne of God himself. What best summarizes the bishop's point of view?

Kings on Earth rule with God's authority.

What was the contributing factor to Napoleon's defeat at the Battle of Trafalgar? Spain allied with Britain, and together they defeated France's weak navy. Napoleon enlisted Spain's help in forming a strong navy, but he was defeated anyway. The allied forces, made up of all countries in Europe except France, defeated the French. Spain refused Napoleon's request for help and turned against France.

Napoleon enlisted Spain's help in forming a strong navy, but he was defeated anyway.

What was the reason for Julius Caesar's assassination?

Some people feared Caesar wanted to become king and destroy the republic.

The Peloponnesian War began after

Sparta attacked Athens by land.

Early Christianity accepted aspects of Judaism and incorporated them into the religion. How are these elements of Judaism still visible in modern Christianity?

The New Testament references some Jewish teachings.

Which best explains how wealthy residents of Italian cities contributed to the Renaissance?

Wealthy residents bought works of art, which supported artists.

Luther taught that salvation came from faith alone, while the Church taught that both faith and good works could bring about salvation

Which statement best compares the ideas of Martin Luther to the ideas of the Catholic Church in the 1500''s? -Luther taught that salvation came from faith alone, while the Church taught that both faith and good works could bring about salvation. -Luther taught that priests and popes were closer to God, while the Church taught that all Christians were equal in God's view. -Luther believed the Bible should remain in Latin, while the Church believed the Bible should be translated into different languages. -Luther believed people should pay for their sin to be forgiven, while the Church believed people should not pay for forgiveness

Henry VIII

Who started the Reformation in England? - John Calvin -Henry VIII -Martin Luther -John Wycliffe

creating complex characters

William Shakespeare's plays contributed to Renaissance culture by - satirizing the Catholic Church -describing an ideal society - creating complex characters -creating both books and art

Which statement about women's power during the Renaissance is true?

Women had little political or economic power.

The official religion of the Roman Empire was a form of paganism in which worshippers prayed to Roman gods and the emperor. In Judea, was there any freedom of religion under Roman rule?

Yes, Jews were able to practice their religion.

an airplane

a famous sketch by Leonardo da Vinci showed an early version of -a locomotive -an airplane -an 18-wheeler truck -an aircraft carrier

What is a Hajj? a book of laws a religious idol a journey to Mecca a member of an Arab tribe

a journey to Mecca

some people are picked before birth for salvation

a key belief of Calvinism in the 1500's, was that -human beings are born free form all sins -children should not attend religious services - only priests and popes should interpret the Bible -some people are picked before birth for salvation

Which best describes the Incas? a large and rich empire in South America a small and poor indigenous tribe in Central America a large and rich empire in Mexico a small and poor indigenous tribe in South America

a large and rich empire in South America

the Divine Comedy

a major Renaissance poem that included real people as its characters was -the Prince -The Divine Comedy -Don Quixote -The Book of the Courtier

the role of humanism

a major theme present in Renaissance art, but not in Medieval art, is -the role of humanism -the role of the church -the role of agriculture -the role of patrons

created for wealthy patrons

a reason that Renaissance art looked different from Medieval art is that it was generally -created for the Catholic Church -created for major political figures -created for aspiring artists -created for wealthy patrons

Read the quotation from the Council of Trent in the 1500s. [W]ith God going before us . . . we may . . . deliberate and discuss . . . whatsoever is needful for repelling those assaults of barbarians and infidels, with which they seek the overthrow of all Christendom. What is the quotation most likely about?

a refusal to accept the spread of Protestantism

were excommunicated from the Catholic Church for their actions

a similarity between Henry VIII and Martin Luther was that both -formed new denominations that spread throughout Europe - were European monarchs who opposed the Catholic Church -were religious leaders who tried to change the Catholic Church -were excommunicated from the Catholic Church for their actions

Though the Aztecs held the most powerful empire in Central America, which Spanish advantage contributed to the Aztecs' defeat?

advanced weapons

decorate religious spaces

unlike during the Medieval period, church leaders commissioned works of art during the Renaissance to -teach religious lessons -reward church supporters -demonstrate church wealth -decorate religious spaces

Read this passage, which was written by a Spanish explorer in the 1500s. This great city of [Tenochtitlán] is situated in this salt lake . . . . There are four . . . entrances to the city, all of which are formed by artificial [walkways] . . . . The city is as large as Seville or Cordova; its streets . . . are very wide and straight . . . . All the streets at intervals have openings, through which the water flows . . . and at these openings, some of which are very wide, there are also very wide bridges, composed of large pieces of timber, of great strength and well put together; on many of these bridges ten horses can go abreast. This quotation describes an Aztec city. an Inca city. a Maya city. a Zapotec city.

an Aztec city.

Donatelo

an artist who was famous for his lifelike depictions of the human body during the Renaissance was -Botticelli -Donatelo -Saint Mark -Michelangelo

One result of the Great Famine in Europe was

an increase in death rates.

Holbein blended techniques from the Italian Renaissance with his own artistic style

based on the painting, The Ambassadors, by Han Hoblein the Younger, which best states how Hoblien contributed to the Northern Renaissance? -Hoblein blended Techniques from the Italian Renaissance with his own artistic style -Hoblein blended ideas form Christian humanism with his own artistic style -Hoblein blended techniques from classical sculptures with his own artistic style -Hoblein blended ideas from the church doctrine with his own artistic style.

Counter Reformation

beginning of Catholic Reformation Council of Trent foudning Jesuit order Protestant Reformation

books

by 1500, Renaissance ideas were mainly being spread across Europe through -speeches -books -recordings -politicians

Which list states achievements from the Scientific Revolution in the correct order? i. The heliocentric theory is published. ii. Galileo argues for Copernicus. iii. Isaac Newton develops calculus. iv. The scientific method is invented. i. Galileo argues for Copernicus. ii. The heliocentric theory is published. iii. The scientific method is invented. iv. Isaac Newton develops calculus. i. Galileo argues for Copernicus. ii. Isaac Newton develops calculus. iii. The heliocentric theory is published. iv. The scientific method is invented. i. The heliocentric theory is published. ii. The scientific method is developed. iii. Galileo argues for Copernicus. iv. Isaac Newton develops calculus.

i. The heliocentric theory is published. ii. The scientific method is developed. iii. Galileo argues for Copernicus. iv. Isaac Newton develops calculus.

fear and cruelty

in The Prince, Machiavelli argues that leaders maintain power through -kindness and strength -love and kindness -selfishness and discipline -fear and cruelty

political and economic reasons

in addition to an interest in religious reform, the princes of Germany supported Martin Luther's ideas for -cultural and social reasons - political and economic reasons -ethical and philosophical reasons -educational and intellectual reasons

escape religious persecution

in the 1500's, John Calvin left France to -escape religious persecution -become a Catholic priest -translate the Bible into German -stand trial at the Diet of Worms

a critic of the Catholic Church

in the mid 1300's, John Wycliffe was -a critic of the Protestant Church -a reverend in the Protestant Church - a critic of the Catholic Church - a priest in the Catholic Church

With the creation of the cuneiform system, scribes were able to

keep records of government.

In addition to an interest in religious reform, the princes of Germany supported Martin Luther's ideas for

political and economic reasons.

the Catholic Church mostly remained separate from European politics and government

what statement best describes the Catholic Church during the Renaissance? - the monarchs of Europe governed the Catholic Church and dictated its policies and practices -the Catholic Church was increasingly seen as a corrupt institution with too much power. -the Catholic Church mostly remained separate from European politics and government -the people of Europe had little contact with the Catholic Church, which had no influence over their lives.

humanism helped Europeans believe in their own potential

which best explains how humanism affected the way Europeans thought about themselves? -humanism helped Europeans believe in their own potential -humanism helped Europeans strengthen their religious beliefs -humanism helped Europeans create classical works of art -humanism helped Europeans reject classical beliefs

the Medicis became church leaders and pushed the church to support art.

which best explains how the Medicis were able to convince the Catholic Church to become a patron of the arts during the Renaissance? -the Medicis became church leaders and pushed the church to support art. -the Medicis gave the church luxury goods in exchange for supporting art. -the Medicis gave the church textile goods in exchange for supporting art. -the Medicis became government leaders and pushed the church to support art.

both questioned Church teachings while still being religious

which best states how Erasmus and More helped spread Renaissance ideas in Europe? -both questioned humanist beliefs while still being creative -both questioned church teachings while still being religious -both challenged humanist beliefs while still being religious -both defended church teachings while still being creative

major works produced during the High Renaissance emphasized beauty and led to a revival of classical influence.

which best states how major works produced during the High Renaissance, such as Mona Lisa, affected European culture? -major works produced during the High Renaissance emphasized beauty and led to a revival of classical influence. - major works produced during the High Renaissance emphasized spirituality and led to a revival of church influence. -major works produced during the High Renaissance emphasized naturalism and led to a revival of secular influence. -major works produced during the High Renaissance emphasized science and led to a revival of scientific influence

Martin Luther's criticisms of the Catholic Church sparked the Reformation, John Calvin created a new denomination that promoted good works.

which pair of statements best compares the roles of Martin Luther and John Calvin in the Reformation? - Martin Luther's criticisms of the Catholic Church sparked the Reformation, John Calvin created a new denomination that promoted good works. - John Calvin's criticisms of the Catholic Church sparked the Reformation, Martin Luther created a new denomination that promoted good works. - Martin Luther broke from the Catholic Church over an annulment, John Calvin translated the Bible into English and started the Church of England. - John Calvin broke from the Catholic Church over an annulment, Martin Luther translated the Bible into English and started the Church of England.

women has little political or economic power

which statement about women's power during the Renaissance is true? -women had great political power but little economic power -women had great political and economic power -women had little political or economic power. -women had great economic power but little political power.

Calvin taught his followers that human beings needed to follow strict rules to overcome their nature and do good

which statement best defines the teachings of John Calvin? -Calvin taught his followers that salvation could be achieved through faith, but not through good works. -Calvin taught his followers that human beings needed to follow strict rules to overcome their nature and do good. -Calvin taught his followers that they could reduce punishment for their sins by giving generously to the church. -Calvin taught his followers that priests and popes were closer to God than their churchgoers.

he married Anne Boleyn in defiance of the Pope

why did King Henry VIII leave the Catholic Church in the 1500's? - he wanted to prevent the sale of indulgence - he married Anne Boleyn in defiance of the Pope - he drafted a list that criticized church practices. - he translated the Bible in German and English.