BSC 1005 Final Exam Review

Which of the following choices represents the genotype of an individual diploid organism?

BbCCdd

Which of the following statements regarding genes is NOT true?

In sexually reproducing species, each cell contain a single copy of every gene

DNA is one of the features common to all known forms of life

It is the blueprint that guides the growth, development, behavior, & reproduction of all organisms

A scientific hypothesis must be constructed with which of the following characteristics?

It provides a reasonable explanation to a question & is consistent whit current observations; it must also be testable & falsifiable.

The key enzyme used during transcription is

RNA polymerase

In humans, the "master sex switch" that determines whether an embryo will become a male is the

SRY gene

A group of researchers conducted an experiment & collected the data. How does the hypothesis help the researchers?

The hypothesis was supported because all the members of the control group survived while most of the members of both the treatment groups died by the end of the study.

Why did Mendel analyze thousands of plants while conducting his research?

The likelihood of seeing a clear pattern is higher with a larger data set

Which of the following statements is true of chloroplasts?

They capture energy from sunlight

Why do scientists repeat their experiments over and over again?

They must make sure the results were not an accident and that they are repeatable

An allele is

a version of a gene

Each set of 3 bases in an mRNA molecule codes for one of 20 specific

amino acids

Bats use echolocation to orient themselves and locate objects. Doing this requires special adaptations in their inner ear, midbrain, and auditory cortex of their cerebrum. The echolocation system of bats is an example of

an organ system

Nucleotides

are the building blocks of nucleic acids

An example of a saturated fat would be

bacon grease

The order of the basses in DNA determines the order of the

bases in mRNA

If 2 different alleles for the same trait have an equal effect on the phenotype, the alleles are

codominant

Most human genetic characters are

controlled by one gene

The 2 strands of a DNA molecule are held together by _______________ bonds

hydrogen

Replication of DNA cannot begin until

hydrogen bonds between complementary bases are broken

When scientists generate a single informed, logical, & plausible explanation for a question & observations of the natural world, they are proposing a scientific

hypothesis

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum

is the site where lipids destined for other cellular compartments are manufactured

Which molecules are involved in protein synthesis?

messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA

The boundary that surrounds the contents of the nucleus is the

nucleus envelope

Developing a scientific understanding of a natural phenomenon typically begins by

observing a quantifiable natural phenomena

DNA replication

occurs before mitosis in the cell cycle

Cells naturally, without using energy, respond to changes in water concentration through the process of

osmosis

Living cells have an intact phospholipid bilayer that separates the cell from its external environment; this structure is commonly referred to as the

plasma membrane

The observation that individuals afflicted with albinism also always have vision problems is an example of

pleiotropy

Starch is an example of a

polysaccharide

A Punnett Square is used to

predict the outcome of a genetic cross

Damaged DNA may be repaired by a special class of

proteins

Ribosomes are very small nonmembranous organelles associated with the synthesis of

proteins

The plasma membrane white blood cells contain _______________ that bind with proteins of cells such as bacteria that have invaded the human body. These special proteins tell the white blood cells those bacterial cells do not belong to that particular human and to phagocytize (eat) them.

receptor proteins

The Golgi apparatus

sorts proteins and lipids and sends them to their final destination

Which of the following does NOT represent a phenotype?

the alleles in a mouse that control hair color

The pH scale measures

the concentration of hydrogen ions in solutions

A screen door allows breezes to enter & aromas to exit but keeps out insects. Its function most resembles

the plasma membrane

Which of the following does not occur in the nucleus?

translation

Which of the following is not a base found in DNA?

uracil