BSC2011

If you roll a pair of dice at the same time, what chance do you have of rolling a combined total of nine? A. 1/3 B. 1/9 C. 2/3 D. 1/36 E. 1/18

1/9

UnitII-1: The diploid number for the organism represented by the cell above is ____. A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 E. 12

6

For a particular organism: if n = 36, then ____ chromosomes will be present in a somatic cell and ____ chromosomes will be present in a gamete. A. 72, 36 B. 36, 72 C. 18, 36 D. 36, 18 E. 72, 18

72, 36

How do the daughter cells at the end of mitosis and cytokinesis compare with their parent cell when it was in G2 of the cell cycle? B. The daughter cells have half the number of chromosomes and half the amount of DNA. C. The daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes and half the amount of DNA. D. The daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes and the same amount of DNA. E. The daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes and twice the amount of DNA.

The daughter cells have the same amount of chromosomes and half the amount of DNA

Which of the following is true of a species that has a chromosome number of 2n = 16? A) The species is diploid with 32 chromosomes per cell. B) The species has 16 sets of chromosomes per cell. C) Each cell has 8 homologous pairs. D) During the S phase of the cell cycle there will be 32 separate chromosomes. E) A gamete from this species has 4 chromosomes.

each cell has 8 homologous pairs

Which of the following is not a function of mitosis? A. somatic-cell production B. egg-cell production C. asexual reproduction D. tissue repair E. tissue growth

egg-cell production

Crossing over refers to ____. A. exchanging corresponding loci between sister chromatids B. exchanging corresponding loci between homologous chromosomes C. exchanging corresponding loci between non-homologous chromosomes D. exchanging different loci between sister chromatids E. exchanging different loci between non-homologous chromosomes

exchanging corresponding loci between non-homologous chromosomes

An individual with the genotype RrTtpp is crossed with an individual of genotype RRTtPp. Assume each trait is governed by complete dominance and that all gene loci are on different chromosomes. The cross described above can result in offspring that display how many different phenotypes? A. one B. two C. three D. four E. six

four

A cell that passes the G1 checkpoint will most likely ____. A. undergo chromosome duplication B. have just completed cytokinesis C. continue to divide only if it is a cancer cell D. show a drop in MPF concentration E. move into the G0 phase.

undergo chromosome duplication

DNA is replicated at this time of the cell cycle: a) G0 b) G1 c) S d) G2 e) M

S

The least invasive procedure to verify that a fetus has Down Syndrome would be _____. A. ultrasound B. amniocentesis C. gene therapy D. pedigree analysis

amniocentesis

For mitosis, sister chromatids begin to separate and move apart during ____. A. interphase B. telophase C. cytokinesis D. anaphase E. metaphase

anaphase

Which term describes centromeres uncoupling or splitting, sister chromatids separating, and the two new chromosomes moving to opposite poles of the parent cell? a) telophase b) anaphase c) prophase d) metaphase e) cytokinesis

anaphase

UnitII-2: The cell above is (haploid/diploid) with a chromosome number of ____. A. haploid; 2 B. haploid; 4 C. diploid; 2 D. diploid; 4 E. diploid; 8

diploid; 4

UnitII-4: Can the inheritance of the shaded phenotype be caused by an X-linked dominant allele? A. yes B. no

no

An animal cell with the genotype QqRrSsVv for 4 genes is most likely ________. A. a haploid gamete B. a diploid gamete C. a tetraploid gamete D. a haploid somatic cell E. a diploid somatic cell

a diploid somatic cell

A karyotype is _____. A. an individual's genotype B. an individual's phenotype C. a unique combination of alleles found in a gamete D. a display of an organism's chromosomes E. a blood type determination for an individual

a display of an organism's chromosomes

UnitII-6: The figure above could possible represent a phase during what type of cell division? A. mitosis B. meiosis I C. meiosis II D. either mitosis or meiosis I E. either mitosis or meiosis II

mitosis

Which statement concerning mitosis is NOT true? a) a single cell gives rise to two identical daughter cells b) daughter cells are genetically identical to the parent cell c) synapsis occurs between homologous chromosomes during prophase d) spindle fibers attach to the kinetochores of replicated chromosomes e) sister chromatids are separated during anaphase

synapsis occurs between homologous chromosomes during prophase

A proto-oncogene, when expressed, could conceivably be involved in: a) taking a cell from S into G0 b) keeping the concentration of cyclin at low levels within a cell c) halting cell division until damaged DNA can be repaired d) taking a cell into the S phase of the cell cycle e) halting cytokinesis once mitosis is completed

taking a cell into the S phase of the cell cycle

A. X-linked dominant B. X-linked recessive C. Autosomal dominant D. Autosomal recessive E. Nondisjunction 1. Congenital generalized hypertrichosis _____ 2. Sickle-cell disease 3. Huntington's disease 4. Kleinfelter Syndrome

1. x-linked dominant 2. autosomal recessive 3. autosomal dominant 4. autosomal dominant

Which of the following genotypes is homozygous at three loci? A) RrFFGG B) SsTTMmVVee C) STH D) mfRRR E) XxYyZz

SsTTMmVVee

If an organism is diploid and a certain gene found in the organism has 18 known alleles (variants), then any given organism of that species can/must have which of the following? A) At most, 2 alleles for that gene B) Up to 18 chromosomes with that gene C) Up to 18 genes for that trait D) A haploid number of 9 chromosomes E) Up to, but not more than, 18 different traits

at most, 2 alleles for that gene

Which is NOT true of cancer cells? A) they have telomerase activity B) mutated proto-oncogenes overstimulate cell division C) they ignore to density-dependent inhibition signals D) they ignore anchorage-dependent growth-factor signals E) mutated TSGs inhibit cell division

mutated TSGs inhibit cell division

Crossing over occurs between _____ during _____. A. sister chromatids during prophase of meiosis I B. sister chromatids during prophase of mitosis C. sister chromatids during metaphase of mitosis D. non-sister chromatids during metaphase of mitosis E. non-sister chromatids during metaphase of meiosis I

non-sister chromatids during metaphase of meiosis I

During the second meiotic division (meiosis II), _____. A. homologous chromosomes separate B. the chromosome number is reduced from diploid to haploid C. homologous chromosomes undergo synapsis D. homologous chromosomes assort independently E. none of the above

none of the above

When does "crossing over" occur? A) prometaphase II of meiosis B) prometaphase of mitosis C) prometaphase I of meiosis D) anaphase I of meiosis E) anaphase II of meiosis

prometaphase I of meiosis

The mitotic spindle begins to form during _____. A. interphase B. telophase C. prophase D. anaphase E. metaphase

prophase

For three genes, each on different chromosomes, cross the following: GgFFRr x GgFfRR. Is it possible for an offspring to have the same genotype as any one of the parents? a) yes b) no

yes

UnitII-3: If the shaded phenotype in the pedigree above is caused by an autosomal recessive allele, then what is the probability that individuals labeled 4 & 5 have another unafflicted son? A. 1/1 B. 1/4 C. 1/2

1/4

An individual with the genotype RrTtpp is crossed with an individual of genotype RRTtPp. Assume each trait is governed by complete dominance and that all gene loci are on different chromosomes. What is the probability that an offspring will have the genotype RRTtpp? A. 1/4 B. 1/8 C. 1/2 D. 3/2 E. 1/16

1/8

If a woman who is a carrier for hemophilia and her husband, whose mother had hemophilia, have three children, what is the probability that all three children have the normal phenotype? A. zero B. 1/2 C. 1/8 D. 3/16 E. It cannot be determined from the information given.

1/8

For a particular organism, if 2n = 64, then ___ chromatids will be found in a somatic cell during metaphase of mitosis. A. 18 B. 32 C. 64 D. 128 E. 256

128

For a particular organism, if 2n = 64, then ____ chromatids will be found in a cell during metaphase I of meiosis. A. 18 B. 32 C. 64 D. 128 E. 256

128

If a cell has 8 chromosomes at metaphase of mitosis, how many chromosomes will it have during anaphase? A) 1 B) 2 C) 4 D) 8 E) 16

16

In corn plants, a dominant allele I inhibits kernel color, while the recessive allele i permits color when homozygous. At a different locus, the dominant allele P causes purple kernel color, while the homozygous recessive genotype pp causes red kernels. If two plants that are each heterozygous for the two genes are crossed, what is the probability that they will produce offspring that have purple kernels? A. 3/4 B. 3/8 C. 3/16 D. 1/16 E. It cannot be determined from the information given.

3/16

1. Formation of four new nuclei, each with half the chromosomes present in the parental nucleus 2. Alignment of tetrads at the metaphase plate 3. Separation of sister chromatids 4. Separation of the homologues; no uncoupling of the centromere 5. Synapsis; chromosomes moving to the middle of the cell in pairs From the descriptions above, which of the following is the order that most logically illustrates a sequence of meiosis? A) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 B) 5, 4, 2, 1, 3 C) 5, 3, 2, 4, 1 D) 4, 5, 2, 1, 3 E) 5, 2, 4, 3, 1

5, 2, 4, 3, 1

A sexually reproducing animal has the genotype AARrFf for genes on three different chromosomes. Which of the following represents a possible gamete from this organism? A) AA B) arf C) AARrFf D) AF E) ArF

ArF

A cell in which of the following phases would have the least amount of DNA? A. G0 B. G2 C. prophase D. metaphase E. anaphase

G0

A man with blood type AB has a child with a woman who has blood type A. They have a daughter with type B blood. What is the mother's genotype? A. IBIB B. IBi C. IAIB D. ii E. IAi

IAi

A woman who has blood type A positive has a daughter who is type O positive and a son who is type B negative. Rh positive is a trait that shows simple dominance over Rh negative and is designated by the alleles R and r, respectively. Which of the following is the probable genotype for the mother? A) IAIARR B) IAIARr C) IAirr D) IAiRr E) IAiRR

IAiRr

A man with blood type AB has a child with a woman who has blood type A. They have a daughter with type B blood. What is the child's genotype? A. IBIB B. IBi C. IAIB D. ii E. IAi

IBi

When does independent assortment of chromosome pairs occur? A) metaphase II of meiosis B) metaphase of mitosis C) metaphase I of meiosis D) after "S" but before G2 of the mitotic cell cycle E) after "S" but before G2 of the meiotic II cell cycle

metaphase I of meiosis

Which phase of meiosis is most directly related to the law of independent assortment? A. prophase I B. prophase II C. metaphase I D. metaphase II E. anaphase II

metaphase II

Tetrads are apparent during ____. A. metaphase of meiosis II B. prophase of mitosis C. metaphase of mitosis D. metaphase of meiosis I E. anaphase of mieosis II

metaphase of meiosis I

In an animal cell, the centrosome functions in the formation of _____. A. the cell plate B. kinetochores C. duplicate chromosomes D. centromeres E. microtubules of the spindle apparatus

microtubules of the spindle apparatus

Cystic fibrosis affects the lungs, the pancreas, the digestive system, and other organs, resulting in symptoms ranging from breathing difficulties to recurrent infections. Which of the following terms best describes this? A) Incomplete dominance B) Multiple alleles C) Pleiotropy D) Epistasis E) Co-dominance

pleiotrophy

The correct order of events in mitosis is _____. A) prometaphase-prophase-metaphase-telophase-anaphase B) metaphase-prometaphase-prophase-telophase-anaphase C) anaphase-prometaphase-prophase-metaphase-telophase D) prophase-prometaphase-metaphase-anaphase-telophase E) prometaphase-metaphase-prohase-anaphase-telophase

prophase-prometaphase-metaphase-anaphase-telophase

A diploid cell has the following genotype for three genes, each on a different chromosme: PpTTRr. Which of the following genotypes is possible in a functional gamete from this organism? A) PT B) PpTTRr C) ptR D) TT E) PTr

PTr

A sexually reproducing animal has two genes on different chromosomes, one gene for head shape (H) and one for tail length (T). Its genotype is HhTt. Which of the following represents a possible gamete from this organism? A) HT B) T C) Hh D) tt E) HhTt

HT

1. formation of four new nuclei, each with half the chromosomes present in the parental nucleus 2. alignment of tetrads at the metaphase plate 3. separation of sister chromatids 4. separation of the homologues; no uncoupling of the centromere 5. synapsis; chromosomes moving to the middle of the cell in pairs 5) From the descriptions above, which of the following is the order that most logically illustrates a sequence of meiosis? A) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 B) 4, 5, 2, 1, 3 C) 5, 3, 2, 4, 1 D) 5, 2, 4, 3, 1 E) 5, 4, 2, 1, 3

5, 2, 4, 3, 1

For the same couple as above, what is the probability that they will have two normal daughters or a hemophiliac son? A. 1/16 B. 5/16 C. 1/64 D. 1/12 E. It cannot be determined from the information given.

5/16

A woman who has blood type A positive has a daughter who is type O positive and a son who is type B negative. Rh positive is a trait that shows simple dominance over Rh negative and is designated by the alleles R and r, respectively. Which of the following is a possible phenotype that the father could potentially have? A) A negative B) O negative C) B positive D) AB negative E) Impossible to determine

B positive

UnitII-3: If the shaded phenotype in the pedigree above is caused by an autosomal dominant allele, then what is the probability that individuals labeled 3 & 4 (in generation IV) will have an unafflicted (unshaded) daughter? A. 1/1 B. 1/4 C. 1/2 D. 3/4 E. it cannot be determined from the information provided

1/4

Two true-breeding stocks of pea plants are crossed. One parent has red, axial flowers and the other has white, terminal flowers; all F1 individuals have red, axial flowers. The genes for flower color and location assort independently. If two F1 individuals are crossed and 1,000 F2 offspring result, approximately how many of the offspring would you expect to have red, terminal flowers? A) 75 B) 190 C) 250 D) 565 E) 750

190

A man with blood type AB has a child with a woman who has blood type A. They have a daughter with type B blood. What is the probability that this couple will have another daughter with Type A blood? A. 0% B. 25% C. 50% D. 75% E. 100%

25%

1. formation of four new nuclei, each with half the chromosomes present in the parental nucleus 2. alignment of tetrads at the metaphase plate 3. separation of sister chromatids 4. separation of the homologues; no uncoupling of the centromere 5. synapsis; chromosomes moving to the middle of the cell in pairs Which of the steps take place in both mitosis and meiosis? A) 2 B) 3 C) 5 D) 2 and 3 only E) 2, 3, and 5

3

UnitII-6: A centromere is represented by _____ A. 3 B. 6 C. 7

3

For a particular organism: if 2n = 36, then ____ chromosomes will be present in a somatic cell and ____ chromosomes will be present in a gamete. A. 72, 36 B. 36, 72 C. 18, 36 D. 36, 18 E. 72, 18

36, 18

If a species diploid number is 8 then how many chromosomes are present in a cell undergoing metaphase II? A) 32 B) 16 C) 8 D) 4 E) 2

4

In blue-footed boobies (a bird...really!), the allele for blue feet (B) is dominant to the allele for yellow feet and the allele for long necks (L) is dominant to the allele for short necks. A possible genotype for a booby with blue feet and a long neck is: A) Bl B) BBll C) BL D) BbLl E) Bbll

BbLl

In blue-footed boobies (a bird...really!), the allele for blue feet (B) is dominant to the allele for yellow feet and the allele for long necks (L) is dominant to the allele for short necks. What is a possible gamete that can be produced by a parent who is heterozygous for blue feet and who has a short neck? A) BbLl B) Bbll C) bL D) Bl E) BBll

Bl

Control of the G2 checkpoint of cell division requires the close chemical interaction of _____ and cyclin. a) PDGF b) MPF c) protein kinase d) telomerase e) Cdk

Cdk

For three genes, each on different chromosomes, cross the following: GgFFRr x GgFfRR. Which of the following is NOT a possible offspring this cross? a) GGFFRR b) GgFFRR c) ggFFRr d) GgffRr e) ggFfRR

GgffRr

A man with blood type AB has a child with a woman who has blood type A. They have a daughter with type B blood. What is the father's genotype? A. IBIB B. IBi C. IAIB D. ii E. IAi

IAIB

Which of the following triggers the cell's passage past the G2 checkpoint into mitosis? a) PDGF b) MPF c) protein kinase d) cyclin e) Cdk

MPF

Which of the following statements is TRUE for a cross between a true-breeding tall plant with a true-breeding dwarf plant, when tall is completely dominant to dwarf? a) 1/2 of the offspring will be tall and heterozygous b) 1/2 of the offspring will be dwarf and homozygous c) all of the offspring will be true-breeders for the tall trait d) all of the offspring will be tall and homozygous e) all of the offspring will be tall and heterozygous

all of the offspring will be tall and heterozygous

Cancerous cells growing in culture that divide and pile up on top of each other are lacking ____. A. anchorage dependence B. density independence C. MPF D. nutrients and growth factors E. none of the above

anchorage dependence

Density-dependent inhibition is explained by which of the following? A) As cells become more numerous, they begin to squeeze against each other, restricting their size and ability to produce control factors. B) As cells become more numerous, the cell surface proteins of one cell contact the adjoining cells and they stop dividing. C) As cells become more numerous, the protein kinases they produce begin to compete with each other, such that the proteins produced by one cell essentially cancel those produced by its neighbor. D) As cells become more numerous, more and more of them enter the S phase of the cell cycle.

as cells become more numerous, the protein kinases they produce begin to compete with each other, such that the proteins produces by one cell essentially cancel those produced by its neighbor

Sister chromatids are joined together at the _____. A) aster B) centromere C) centriole D) centrosome E) kinetochore

centromere

Where do the microtubules of the spindle apparatus originate (begin to form) during mitosis? a) centromere b) centrosome c) kinetochore d) chromatid e) nucleolus

centrosome

Where do the microtubules of the spindle originate during mitosis in both plant and animal cells? A) centromere B) centrosome C) centriole D) chromatid E) kinetochore

centrosome

Structures from which the mitotic spindle apparatus develops are called _____. a) centrosomes b) chiasmatas c) kinetochores d) chromatids e) centromeres

centrosomes

If mammalian cells receive a go-ahead signal at the G1 checkpoint, they will ________. A) show a drop in MPF concentration. B) exit the cycle and switch to a nondividing state. C) complete the cycle and divide. D) move directly into telophase. E) complete cytokinesis and form new cell walls.

complete the cycle and divide

Chiasmata are what we see under a microscope that let us know which of the following is occurring? A) Nondisjunction B) Meiosis II C) Anaphase II D) Crossing over E) Separation of homologs

crossing over

How do daughter cells after mitosis compare with their parent cell when it was in G1 of its cell cycle? a) daughter cells have 1/2 the amount of cytoplasm and 1/2 the amount of DNA b) daughter cells have 1/2 the number of chromosomes and 1/2 the amount of DNA c) daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes and 1/2 the amount of DNA d) daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes and the same amount of DNA e) daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes and twice the amount of DNA

daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes and the same amount of DNA

UnitII-6: Example(s) of sister chromatids are _____. A. 1 and 2 B. 2 and 4 C. 1 and 4 D. 6

1 & 2

UnitII-5: Which letter or letters (more than one choice may apply) illustrate(s) a possible stage of MITOSIS?

C & D

A particular cyclin called cyclin E forms a complex with a cyclin-dependent kinase called Cdk 2. This complex is important for the progression of the cell from G1 into the S phase of the cell cycle. Which of the following statements is correct? A) The amount of cyclin E is greatest during the S phase. B) The amount of Cdk 2 is greater during G1 compared to the S phase. C) The amount of cyclin E is highest during G1. D) The amount of Cdk 2 is greatest during G1. E) The activity of the cyclin E/Cdk 2 complex is highest during G2.

the amount of cyclin E is highest during G1

Which of the following is true of a cell that has a chromosome number of 2n = 16? a) The cell is diploid with 32 chromosomes. b) The cell has 16 sets of chromosomes. c) The cell has 8 homologous pairs. d) During the S phase of the cell cycle, there will be 32 separate chromosomes. e) If this cell underwent meiosis, a daughter cell would have 4 chromosomes.

the cell has homologous pairs

Which of the following is TRUE? A) the concentration of cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) gradually increases leading up to the G1 checkpoint B) the concentration of cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) gradually increases leading up to the G2 checkpoint C) cyclin molecules are degraded after a cell passes the G1 checkpoint D) the concentration of cyclin gradually increases leading up to the G0 checkpoint E) the concentration of cyclin gradually increases leading up to the G2 checkpoint

the concentration of cyclin gradually increases leading up to the G2 checkpoint

A karyotype can be used to determine all of the following except _____. A. an individual's haploid number of chromosomes B. the number of homologous chromosome pairs C. the genotype of an individual D. an individual's diploid number of chromosomes E. whether an individual is male or female

the genotype of an individual

What CANNOT be deduced from the karyotype of a human somatic cell? a) the diploid number of chromosomes b) the haploid number of chromosomes c) the gender of the person d) the person's genotype e) the number of homologous pairs of chromosomes

the person's genotype

Which of the following is true of a species that has a chromosome number of 2n = 48? A) The species has 48 sets of chromosomes. B) During the S phase of the cell cycle there will be 96 separate chromosomes. C) There are 24 homologous pairs. D) The species is diploid with 96 chromosomes. E) A gamete from this species has 12 chromosomes.

there are 25 homologous pairs

Which of the following correctly describes a homologous pair of chromosomes? A) they have the same alleles for a trait B) they exist in haploid cells C) they have the same DNA sequence D) they came from the same parent E) they have the same kind of genes

they have the same kind of genes

For three genes, each on a different chromosome, a cell has the genotype XXYyZz. a) This cell is a somatic cell and is haploid. b) This cell is a somatic cell and is diploid. c) This cell is a gamete and is haploid. d) This cell is a gamete and is diploid. e) The cell is a gamete cell and is triploid.

this cell is a somatic cell and is diploid

During which parts of a somatic cell cycle are chromosomes composed of two chromatids? A) from interphase through anaphase B) from G1 of interphase through metaphase C) from metaphase through telophase D) from anaphase through telophase E) from G2 of interphase through metaphase

from G2 of interphase through metaphase

After telophase I of meiosis, the chromosomal makeup of each daughter cell is A) diploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of a single chromatid. B) diploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids. C) haploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of a single chromatid. D) haploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids. E) tetraploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids.

haploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids

After telophase I of meiosis, the chromosomal makeup of each daughter cell is: a) diploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of a single chromatid b) diploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids c) haploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of a single chromatid d) haploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids e) tetraploid, and the chromosomes are composed of two chromatids

haploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids

Pairs of homologous chromosomes _______. A. have identical DNA sequences in their genes B. have genes for the same traits at the same location C. are found in gametes D. separate during meiosis II E. all of the above

have genes for the same traits at the same location

In meiosis: a) meiosis II reduces the chromosome number from diploid to haploid b) DNA replicates between meiosis I and II c) each chromosome in prophase I consists of 4 sister chromatids d) homologous chromosomes separate from one another in anaphase I e) daughter cells are genetically identical to the parent cell

homologous chromosomes separate from one another in anaphase I

During meiosis, the law of segregation refers to _____. A. gametes separating from one another during cytokinesis B. sister chromatids separating into gametes C. non-sister chromatids separating and exchanging pieces of DNA D. centrosomes separating towards opposites poles of a cell E. homologous chromosomes separating into gametes

homologous chromosomes separating into gametes

A plant with the genotype AABbcc ________. A) is homozygous at two loci B) is heterozygous at two loci C) has recessive alleles at three loci D) is triploid E) all of the above

is homozygous at two loci

Which statement about an individual that is homozygous for an allele is NOT true? A. Each of its cells possesses two copies of that allele. B. Each of its gametes possesses one copy of that allele. C. It is true-breeding with respect to that allele. D. Its parents had to have been homozygous for that allele. E. It can pass that allele to its offspring.

it can pass that allele to its offspring

Which is NOT true for a karyotype prepared from a fetus' skin cell obtained by amniocentesis? A) it can reveal the gender of the embryo B) it can reveal if there is an abnormal number of chromosomes C) it can reveal the embryo's genotype for a particular trait D) it can reveal the diploid number of chromosomes E) it can reveal if chromosomal breakage has occurred

it can reveal the embryo's genotype for a particular trait

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the p53 gene? A) it is an oncogene regulating passage through the G1 checkpoint B) it is a tumor-suppressing gene regulating passage through the G2 checkpoint C) it is a proto-oncogene regulating passage through the G1 checkpoint D) it is a tumor-suppressing gene regulating passage through the G1 checkpoint E) it is a proto-oncogene gene regulating passage through the G2 checkpoint

it is a tumor-suppressing gene regulating passage through the G1 checkpoint

In diploid organisms, gametes are formed by the process of ______. A. crossing over B. fertilization C. binary fission D. mitosis E. meiosis

meiosis

UnitII-1: The chromosomes as drawn above are undergoing _____. A. meiotic anaphase 1 B. meiotic anaphase II C. mitotic metaphase D. meiotic metaphase I E. meiotic metaphase II

meiotic metaphase II

In corn plants, a dominant allele I inhibits kernel color, while the recessive allele i permits color when homozygous. At a different locus, the dominant allele P causes purple kernel color, while the homozygous recessive genotype pp causes red kernels. What is the kernel phenotype of a plant that has a ppii genotype? A. purple B. red C. colorless

red

A plant with purple flowers is allowed to self-pollinate. Generation after generation, it produces only purple flowers. This is an example of _________. A) polygenetics B) the law of segregation C) true-breeding D) hybridization E) incomplete dominance

true-breeding