BT Help

Discrete Trial Training (DTT) is an appropriate teaching method for which type of behavior?

A behavior that has a clear beginning and end

Discrimination training involves reinforceable being available for one response and not for another. An example of discrimination training might be:

A child being praised when selecting a pink crayon from a box when asked to do so

Which of the following best describes reinforcement?

A consequence provided immediately after a response that increases the future probability of that response occurring again

In order for RBTs to track data, they must have an operational definition of the behavior they are observing, and knowledge of the dimension of the behavior they are recording (rate, frequency, latency, IRT, duration, etc.). An operational definition should be all of the following EXCEPT:

A board approved behavioral definition

You and the BCBA have decided to implement extinction for escape maintained pencil breaking. The plan is that you will not allow the client to escape the writing activity even if he breaks pencils. Instead, you will provide him with new pencils until the writing is finished. What else should you anticipate?

A brief increase in pencil breaking (extinction burst)

you increase your clients compliance with school work by adding stickers of his favorite Disney Characters to worksheets before presenting the activity. This is an example of a:

Antecedent intervention

When you are assisting with an FBA, you may be asked to collect ABC data. This acronym stands for:

Antecedent, behavior, consequence

Your client loves to run around the playground. You just brought him back inside from playing and he is very hot and tired. He does not want to work fro the playground anymore. In behavioral terms, what would describe the effect of being hot and tired?

Abolishing

The goal of a preference assessment is to:

Identify items that may function as reinforcers

Which of the following behaviors is defined in the MOST observable and measurable terms?

Jerry pokes others with his index finger

John has been assigned to work with a child whose parents are LGBT. John's religious beliefs make him feel uncomfortable with this assignment. What should he do?

John should continue working with the family and request additional training and support as necessary

You are implementing DTT with your client. You give the instruction, the client responds correctly, and you provide reinforcement. What is the short time in-between delivering the reinforcement and giving the next instruction called?

Inter-trial interval

Behavior can be on a continuous schedule of reinforcement (meaning the client receives reinforcement after every correct/Independent response) or on an intermittent schedule of reinforcement (meaning the client receives reinforcement after a variable amount of correct/Independent responses or duration). Behavior on which kind of schedule of reinforcement is the most difficult to extinguish?

Intermittent

The client likes to repeat questions instead of answering them. The therapist is trying to teach her to answer the question instead of repeating the question. What verbal operant is the therapist trying to teach?

Intraverbal

Your clients family has been monitoring the electronic data that you enter after each session. At the end of one of your sessions, the parents approach you and express concerns that they are not seeing adequate progress with your clients goals. How should you respond?

Let the parent know that you will discuss the lack of progress with the BCBA and that the program will be tweaked as needed

You can say that a skill has been generalized when:

Its use is evident in settings and situations other than the training environment

When setting up the room to prepare for your ABA therapy session, you place highly preferred items within your learner's sight, but out of his reach as a way to evoke verbal behavior and cause him to have to ask you for the item. This strategy is called:

Naturalistic of Incidental teaching

Your client does not like to be touched by his peers. Everytime a child touches him, he spits at them and they run away. Spitting is what type of reinforcement?

Negative Reinforcement

You are so hot, so you take off your jacket. Removing your jacket is what type of reinforcement?

Negative reinforcement

A detailed description of the behavior in observable terms is the definition of a:

Operational definition

A client is not completing worksheets during class time. The teacher would like for him to finish 5 worksheets/hour since that is what his classmates are able to accomplish. What is the best form of measurement for how many worksheets are completed per hour?

Rate

You are working in a home and the parents are frustrated because the child asks to play with bubbles multiple times per hour. Your supervisor asks to collect data on how often the child is asking to play with bubbles. Which is the best form of measurement?

Rate

Frequency and rate are often used interchangeably in ABA, however there is a distraction. which statement is correct?

Rate refers to frequency with the addition go a time component

As an RBT you may come across many variations of Behavior Intervention Plans (BIPs). However, all good plans should include: Introduction/background information, descriptions of behaviors, hypothesized functions, functionally equivalent replacement behavior, skill acquisition strategies, antecedent prenention strategies and:

Reactive strategies, Measurement system, Reinforcement system

You provide 6 hours a week of behavior analytic services. This is your second job and the client has several behaviors that are aversive to you. As a result, you cancel the sessions frequently. The BCBA had 2 planned visits last month, both of which were last minute cancellations by the RBT. What are the consequences for not being property supervised?

Your certification may be terminated

You tell the client to "Touch your head". You immediately physically prompt him to touch his head. what stimulus control is this example?

The physical prompt

You have been asked to record the inter-response time (IRT) of a behavior. You record:

The time from one response to the beginning of the next

Although interviews and checklists are useful as assessments, direct observations are more valuable because:

They provide objective data on the clients performance

You are working with a client and the BCBA has instructed you to provide reinforcement after an average of 5 independent responses. Sometimes, you provide reinforcement after 2-3 responses, sometimes you provide reinforcement after 4-6 responses, and sometimes you provide reinforcement after 7-8 responses. What schedule of reinforcement are you using?

Variable ratio

When using a line graph, what is another word for the horizontal axis?

x axis

When implementing negative reinforcement with your client, what does the client escape or avoid?

Aversive stimulus

Continuous measurement procedures include: frequency (or count), rates and:

Duration

You are recording a client's behavior. You start the stop watch when the client begins screaming and stop the stop watch when the client stops screaming. What time of measurement system are you using?

Duration

You need to take data on tantruming behavior. What is the best type of measurement to use?

Duration

When a client is learning a new skill, the ideal schedule of reinforcement would be:

Fixed Rate (FR1)

A child cries every time his mother is on his phone. The mother puts down the phone and hugs the child. The most likely function of the child's behavior is:

Access to attention

How often should RBTs update data?

After each session

You have decided to go back to school as a full time student. You want to take the first few months of school off to get a feel for the workload. If possible, you would like to return in the future as an RBT. However, you have turned in your two weeks notice and have no firm plan to work as an RBT after that. What can you do to maintain your certification?

Apply for voluntary inactive status with the BACB

A focus of ABA is a belief that people behave a certain way for a reason (function). The basic functions of behavior are to gain something or get away from something. In ABA we classify functions as:

Automatic or sensory reinforcement, avoidance or escape, accessing a tangible person/activity, attention seeking, and pain attenuation

You are using a task-analysis procedure where the client performs the last step and gets access to reinforcement. Next, the client has to complete the next-to-last step to access reinforcement. What type of chaining procedure are you using?

Backward chaining

The family you are working with is very private, and they do not want anybody knowing that their child is diagnosed with autism or receiving therapy. when you arrive to the session, the gma is babysitting because mom is running late. Gma starts asking you questions about your job and what you do with her grandchild. What can you do in this situation?

Be friendly as polite; but refer all questions back to the parents.

Your client does not like to pick up his toys. You provide the following directions to your client "Give me five"', "Jump high", "Clap Hands". These are all easy instructions and your client complies with them. Finally, you say "Pick up toys." This strategy is called:

Behavioral momentum

If your client is engaging in maladaptive behavior due to pain attenuation, what should you do?

Contact your BCBA for guidance regarding programming for the session, contacting parents, and possible medical referral

Which of the following is not a possible function of behavior?

Deprivation

You are working with a new client and have completed preference assessments and build a good level of rapport. You are ready to begin to introduce skill acquisition programs on Thursday and you plan to use bubbles as a primary reinforcer. How might you manipulate the environment to ensure that the client will work for bubbles on Thursday?

Deprive the client from them Monday-Wednesday

In order to teach discrimination training, a RBT must teach the client to:

Differentiate between two or more stimuli

What type of measurement is the most valid and preferred type of data collection?

Direct measurement

Unlike naturalistic teaching procedures, implementing this procedure requires the therapist to initiate the teaching process by presenting a SD (discriminative stimulus)

Discrete Trial Training (DTT)

You are working with a client at the table, using flashcards and resenting several learning opportunities in quick succession. What teaching strategy are you likely implementing?

Discrete Trial Training (DTT)

You are working in a classroom. When it's time to transition from free play back to desk work, the teacher plays a ringtone on her phone. When the children hear that particular ringtone, they go back to their desks. What is the role of the ring tone?

Discriminative Stimulus (SD)

What is the ethical concern if you have a relationship with clients or client families outside of work?

Do not engage in multiple relationships

A high-quality behavioral definition describes the behavior and environment in observable and measurable terms. Which is the BEST behavioral definition?

Entangling fingers of the right hand to one's own hair by twisting and then pulling the hand away from the scalp when given verbal instruction to begin academic task, which has sometimes been reinforced by escape from these tasks

If your client is engaging in maladaptive behavior to avoid an aversive activity, we would say this behavior is:

Escape maintained

Reinforcing one behavior in the presence of a stimuli and not reinforcing the behavior in the absence of that stimuli is called:

Establishing Stimulus Control

What are the two types of motivating operations?

Establishing and Abolishing

Which is not a form of functional assessment?

Forced choice

Your client is engaging in attention maintained scratching. He loves it when he scratches people and the say "Ouch!" or "That hurts!" or "Stop it!". If you want to decrease scratching what would be a better response?

Ignore scratching and teach an appropriate way to get attention

Your BCBA asks you to send a note home to your client's families asking about any new toys or food items that the client is interested in. What kind of preference assessment would this be?

Informal Indirect

You are measuring how long it takes for your client to transition to the table when you tell him "it's time to do our table work." What type of measurement system are you using?

Latency

You want to know how long it takes your client to get dressed after being given the instructions to "Get dressed". You should take what kind of data?

Latency

The most common form of graph used in ABA is the:

Line graph

In a behavior intervention plan, Antecedent or Environmental strategies refer to:

Manipulating the environment to prevent or discourage problem behavior

Tools used in continuous measurement (sometimes referred to as event recording) might include all of the following EXCEPT:

Marbles

When you engage in the correct response and the client imitates you, what type of prompt are you using?

Model Prompt

Response prompts may be:

Modeling, Physical guidance, and Verbal

Your best friend has a child with autism. Her health insurance does not cover ABA therapy and she asks if she could hire you to design an ABA program for him and train her to implement it. Is this ethical?

No. ABA programs can only be designed and supervised by a BCBA, and you working with his family would create a dual relationship

You provide 40 hours/month of RBT services, and your BCBA conducts direct supervision 2 time per month. Last month, the BCBA provided 1 hour of direct supervision (30 min/visit). This month she provided 1.5 hours of direct supervision (first visit was 1 hour, second was 30 min). Are you receiving that appropriate amount of supervision based on the BACB rules?

No. The BCBA is required to supervise you 5% of the total hours worked and she is not meeting that.

You provide 120 hours/month of RBT services. Last month, your BCBA provides 6 hours of direct supervision in one session. Are you in compliance with your RBT supervision requirements?

No. The BCBA must make 2 visits per month and the minutes have to equal 5% or more of the therapy hours provided

You have joined several local groups on social media that the parent of one of your clients also participates in. You see that the Mom always posts pictures of her child on the sites and is very open with his diagnosis and different therapies. You take a super cute picture of him swinging and post it on social media since his Mom has already shared his image and diagnosis, so it's not really confidential. Is this HIPPA compliant?

No. You do not have written consent from the family to share this information.

Your client loves to get attention. Your BCBA asks you to provide at least 10 seconds of attention every minute, no matter what your client is doing at the time. This is called:

Non-contingent reinforcement (NCR)

You are getting a rank order of preferences by showing your client 2 reinforcers at once and recording which one she chooses. You are careful to make sure each set of items is paired together at least once. What type of preference assessment are you conducting?

Paired choice

as an RBT, you ask your client and his parents to practice receptively labeling animals by circling them on a worksheet for homework. The next day, you look at the work sheet to determine the percent he got correct. What type of data are you using?

Permanent product recording

When using a line graph, what is the name of the vertical line that represents a change in the independent variable, such as a long break, new intervention, moving from baseline to treatment, etc?

Phase change line

If a RBT physically guides a client though a transition it is called:

Physical Prompting

Your client's parents are divorced and you are unaware of what their legal custody status is. The client lives with his mother and she is very involved with the ABA program. One day, Dad drops him off at the clinic and requests that you email him a copy of his child's treatment plan. What should you do?

Politely tell him that the BCBA is responsible for sharing that info and that you will let the BCBA know that he would like a copy.

Your client does not like to wait in line. You begin to praise him frequently when he waits in line appropriately by saying things like "Nice waiting" "You're doing an awesome job in this line!" The duration of time your client is able to wait in line increases over time. What type of consequences was your praise?

Positive reinforcement

Effective reinforcers should be all of the following except:

Potentally harmful

Your client loves her tablet. Every time she successfully completes activity, you give her 5 minutes of play time on her tablet. Overtime, she increases the number of daily activities completed. What behavioral principle are you using?

Reinforcement

Which state decreases the effectiveness of a reinforcer?

Satiation

ABA professionals base their professional practices on:

Scientific knowledge

Preference assessment strategies include all of the following EXCEPT:

Using a published list of items/activities that most children like

You have a headache, and you are thinking about cancelling your session. You decide to follow through, but you conduct maintenance programs and give the client more breaks than usual. In behavioral terms, what type of event is your headache?

Setting

What type of session note is the following: "the therapist that was subbing with him this morning did not know what she was doing. So, he was a little crazy today."

Subjective

Breaking a task into smaller pieces is called:

Task Analysis

Determining the steps required to successfully complete a task bt either doing the task yourself, watching an expert complete the task, or observing another competent individual is the first step in teaching a chaining procedure. This process can be described as:

Task analysis

You are providing therapy in home. Your client often cries when tasks are presented. Your BCBA has taught you to ignore the crying and teach the client to request a break. You notice that every time your client cries at home, his mother rushes to hold him and comfort him. What should you do?

Tell the BCBA that the family is not following the behavior intervention plan so that the BCBA can follow up with further training or change the plan to something the parents can implement

The teacher asks you to take data on how many times the client raises his hand during a 30 minute lesson. The teacher also tells you that every time the client raises his hand, she is going to call on him to answer. If he answers correctly, the teacher will give him praise and a token. What is the dependent variable?

The client raising his hand

What does the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) protect?

The privacy of certain individually health data

saying "milk" as a tact implies that:

Their is milk in view

If client abuse or neglect is suspected by the RBT, they should report it to:

Their supervisor and the appropriate governmental agency

Which of the following are discontinuous of behavior?

Time sampling, partial interval, whole interval recording

Which of the following is not a required component of a graph?

Trend line

This type of reinforcement does not require a previous learning history:

Unconditioned

When we are thirsty, water quenches that thirst and satiates us. This makes water a:

Unconditioned reinforcer

What type of prompt would a visual schedule be?

Visual Prompt

An example of a discriminative stimulus(SD) would be:

When a teacher stands at the door with a tub for students to put homework in; and when they turn in their homework she praises them and gives them a raffle ticket

You are taking data on a client's on-task behavior during circle time (a behavior that needs to be increased). You are using 10 second intervals. The client stops engaging in on-task behaviors for 4 seconds out of the 10 second interval. You score that interval as incorrect. Which form of time sampling are you using?

Whole interval

Session notes should include all of the following EXCEPT:

Why you think the client is behaving in a specific way

When using a line graph, what is another word for the vertical axis?

Y axis

You are subbing with a new client in the morning and decide to take some time at home to review his electronic record in order to prepare. You leave your computer on and logged into his page while you run to the bathroom. Your partner is in the room with the computer. Have you violated any compliance rules?

Yes, the clients PHI was left unattended