Bus 140 Operations Supply Chain Ch 7
A load summary chart
provides historical data on the movement of parts and materials between departments.
Effective layouts help with
reduce material handling costs, reduce material handling costs, and improve communication and interaction among workstations.
A format for displaying manager preferences for departmental locations is known as
relationship diagram.
To maximize an assembly line's efficiency
the line's balance delay must be minimized.
Cycle time refers to
the time between finished units coming off an assembly line.
A company has a target output rate of 40 units every five (5) hours when its line is fully operational. To achieve this target the firm must have a cycle time of
7.5 minutes or less
capacity expansion strategy helps with
Capacity lead strategy, Capacity lag strategy, and Average capacity
"area" of disadvantage of cellular layouts is
Capital investment
Facility layout
Effective layouts also: minimize material handling costs, utilize space and labor efficiently, eliminate bottlenecks, facilitate communication, eliminate waste, incorporate safety and security measures, promote product and service quality, encourage proper maintenance, provide for visual control, provide for greater flexibility, and increase capacity.
Facility layout
Facility layout refers to the arrangement of machines, processes, departments, workstations, storage areas, aisles, and common areas within an existing or proposed facility
Examples of basic facility layout are
Fixed-position, Product and process
Examples of hybrid facility layout
Mixed-model, Cellular, and Flexible manufacturing
Similar activities are grouped together in departments or work centers according to the function with a
Process layout
Facility layout
The basic objective of the layout decision is to ensure a smooth flow of work, material, people, and information through the system.
A flexible manufacturing system (FMS) combines flexibility with higher efficiency
True
A process layout groups similar activities together according to the functions they perform.
True
A relationship diagram provides a standard format for displaying manager preferences for department locations.
True
A schematic diagram using weighted lines to denote location preference is called a relationship diagram.
True
Block diagramming is a design tool for process layouts that takes into account the number of adjacent and non-adjacent moves.
True
Capacity can be increased in one large step or incrementally.
True
Cellular layouts combine the flexibility of process layouts with the efficiency of product layouts.
True
Facility layout refers to the arrangement of machines, processes, departments, and other areas within a facility.
True
Fixed-position layouts are used for projects when the product cannot be moved.
True
For a given facility the best operating level equals the percent of capacity utilization that minimizes unit cost.
True
General as opposed to specific purpose equipment is typically found in a process layout.
True
Increasing capacity utilization beyond the best operating level results in dis-economies of scale.
True
Line balancing is constrained by precedence requirements and cycle time restrictions.
True
Material storage and movement are directly affected by facility layout decisions.
True
Minimizing material handling cost is an important objective for a process layout.
True
Precedence requirements reflect physical restrictions on the order in which operations are performed in a product layout.
True
The balance delay is calculated by subtracting efficiency in percent from one hundred.
True
The capacity cushion for a facility equals one minus utilization.
True
The cycle time refers to the maximum amount of time a product is allowed to spend at each workstation.
True
The efficiency of a flexible manufacturing system (FMS) comes from reductions in setup and waiting times.
True
The line-balancing procedure uses heuristics to specify which work elements are allocated to each workstation.
True
The major layout concern for a process layout is where to locate departments or functional areas relative to each other.
True
The majority of service facilities utilize process layouts.
True
The time to complete a task in a mixed-model assembly line can vary from model to model.
True
With a product layout the purpose of line balancing is to equalize the amount of work at each workstation.
True
product layouts are efficient; process layouts are flexible
True
The material storage space required for in-process inventory is typically larger in
a process layout
A schematic diagram that uses weighted lines to denote location preference is known as a
a relationship diagram
With a product layout
activities arranged in a line according to the sequence of operations.
Two techniques used to design process layouts are
block diagramming and relationship diagramming
One of the best known computerized packages available for designing process layouts is CRAFT. CRAFT stands for
computerized relative allocation of facilities technique.
With line balancing the maximum amount of time the product is allowed to spend at each workstation is known as the
cycle time
Advantages of cellular layouts are
easier to automate, control and reduces setup time
A grid layout encourages customer
encourages customer familiarity, has low costs, and is easy to clean,
A process layout is when
equipment is general purpose and the workers are highly skilled
A type of service layout designed to encourage browsing and increase impulse purchasing is known as a
freeflow layout
In-process inventory is
high because material moves from work center to work center in batches waiting to be processed
Production flow analysis
is a group technology technique that reorders part routing matrices to identify families of parts with similar processing requirements.
In a product layout, the process of assigning tasks to work stations is referred to as
line balancing
The process of equalizing the amount of work at each workstation in a product layout is known as
line balancing
"area" of advantage of cellular layouts are
material handling, setup time, and control
factors to the design and operation of a mixed-model assembly line are
model sequencing, line balancing, and u-shaped lines
Material handling equipment that can follow multiple paths, move in any direction, and carry large loads of in-process inventory is most likely to be associated with a
process layout
Storage space in a process layout is large to accommodate the large amount of in-process inventory.
process layout
Most service organizations use
process layouts