BUS 315 Midterm 2

Five Distortions in Perception

1. Stereotyping 2. The Halo Effect The Recency Effect Casual Attributions Self Fulfilling Prophecy

3 strategic - planning tools

1. competitive intelligence 2. SWOT analysis: Inside vs. Outside Matters 3. forecasting

Porter's 5 Competitive Forces:

2 buying powers, 2 threats, rivalry

what percent of resumes contain lies

35%

Recruitment

35% of resumes contain lies

What percentage of managers typically use intuitive decision making rather than formal analysis to make decisions?

50%

When CEOs Talk Strategy, _____ of the company doesn't get it

70%

Organizational Change

70% of efforts fail (choose higher percentages)

Asch's Experiments

75% Conformity

__________ is the power that rests on the leader's ability to punish or control.

Coercive power

Uneven Communication Problem:

Distribution of Participation as a Function of Group Size

Today, managers favor this approach with regard to work specialization.

Employees specialize to maintain efficiency

Strategic Positioning: Step 1

Establish the Mission & Vision

Strategic Positioning: Step 2

Establish the grand strategy

What does Evidence suggest about business plans?

Evidence suggests that firms with formal business plans are the ones that are more likely to survive.

Group tend to be more efficient and less effective than individual decision making.

False

Human resource management activities are restricted to the operational level and do not have an impact on organizational strategy or design.

False

Group Polarization

Group judgements often more extreme than average of the judgements of individual members

Group Decision Making

Groupthink, Conformity, Asch Experiments in Conformity, Common Information Effect

What are the three grand strategies?

Growth, Stability, Defensive

Common Communication Problems in Teams: Message Tuning

Message- senders present information they believe will be favorably received by the recipient

Average individual score is

NOT as good as the average team score

OSHA:

Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970

Common Communication Problems in Teams: Biased interpretation

People interpret information and messages in a way that is favorable to their own self-views

Managing individual Differences

Personality does not change

Two types of Harassment

Quid Pro Quo or Hostile Environment

Emotional Intelligence

Self awareness is the most important

John Kotter's 8 Steps: correspond with Lewin's model

Successful Change: Repetition, Consistency, Credibility

The ______ prohibits discrimination based on race, color, religion, national origin, or sex.

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act

Social Capita typesl:

Understanding Current Employee Needs, Predicting Future Employee Needs

Using Personality Tests

Using personality tests work

An external analysis, the second step of the strategic management process, helps identify _______.

a company's opportunities and threats

A Business Plan

a document outlines a proposed firm's goals, the strategy for achieving them and the standards for the measuring success

Strategy

a large scale action plan that sets the direction for an organization. Educated guess of what must be done in the long term must be re-visited.

While ______ can reach the greatest number of applicants for a job, many of those candidates may be unqualified for the job itself.

advertising

Strategic Positioning

attempts to achieve sustainable competitive advantage by preserving what is distinctive about a company

During an interview, an applicant for a managerial job is confronted with role players who make the claim that they have been "harassed on the job." The applicant is then asked to deal with the complaints. What kind of selection device is being used?

behavioral interview

In a matrix structure, a group member will typically report to ________.

both a project manager and functional department head

A realistic job preview (RJP) includes ________ a job.

both positive and negative aspects of

Intuitive decision making _______.

can complement other decision making approaches

A simple structure is ______ like a mechanistic organization, but ______ like an organization organization.

centralized; informal

The line of authority that extends from the upper levels of management to the lowest levels of organization is termed the _________.

chain of command

In organizations, people who act as catalysts and assume the responsibility for managing the change process are called ______.

change agents

Organizational design requires a manager to ________.

change or develop the structure of an organization

Which of the following is an organizational structure change?

changing who reports to whom

The three elements that make up an attitude are its ____ components

cognitive, affective, and behavioral

Which of the following is a primary characteristic of groupthink?

complete conformity among group members

Big Five personality dimensions (most valued)

conscientiousness

Job studies show that this Big Five personality dimension was consistently important for success no matter what the job type.

conscientiousness

Unstructured Interview

could be under legal attack

Organization development helps employees _______.

deal with planned change

In recent years, organizations have become more _______ to be responsive to a dynamic business environment.

decentralized

When Google purchased YouTube, a company that featured different, but related products, Google was engaging in which of the following?

diversification

Hostile Environment

doesn't risk economic harm

A technique that helps employees deal with change that appeals to their sense of logic is ______.

education and communication

This dimension of emotional intelligence allows people to sense and understand how others are feeling.

empathy

What tends to be the most successful group size?

five to seven

Three Creativity & Innovation

fluency, flexibility, and originality

The final step in Lewin's three-step description of the change process is ______.

freezing the new state

RJP: Realistic Job Preview

gives a candidate a picture of both positive and negative features of the job and the organization before he or she is hired

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is an example of which of the following forms of environmental change?

government laws and regulations

Group decisions generally feature _____ acceptance than decisions made by an individual.

greater

Group Polarization

group judgements are more extreme than the average of the individual

Workers seem to reject a simple new manufacturing method that has been shown to increase company sales because they say, "That is not the way we do things around here." These workers are most likely to be resisting change due to which of the following?

habit

Formal planning typically leads to which of the following?

higher profits

Boundary less organizations try to eliminate ______ within their organization.

horizontal specialization and vertical hierarchy.

As one of his first tasks in a new job, Steve's boss asks him to develop a database that lists the educational level, special capabilities, and specialized skills of all the employees in his firm. This is known as a _______.

human resource inventory

Adverse affects

hurts the people it wants to help

Decision making begins with______

identifying a problem

The Big Five model of personality includes all of the following except ______.

intuitiveness

The lengthy process by which a job is examined in detail in order to identify the skills, knowledge and behaviors necessary to perform the job is known as a _______.

job analysis

Which term best characterizes a decision that has bounded rationality?

just good enough

When a top manager decides to hire an individual over the objections of her staff, she is exercising which kind of power

legitimate

A person who is experiencing cognitive dissonance might justify the dissonance if he has ______ control over his actions

little or no

Competitive advantages for a high-prestige, premium coffee franchise like Starbucks are likely to include all of the following EXCEPT ______.

lowest prices

A mission statement does NOT include which of the following?

major competitors

Change can't be eliminated, so managers must learn to ______ successfully.

manage it

Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938:

minimum living standards for workers engaged in interstate commerce, including provision of a federal minimum wage

One advantage of group decision making is that it usually provides ______ than individual decision making.

more information.

This is a key disadvantage to recruiting through employee referrals.

no diversity increase

Human resource management is concerned with _________ competent employees.

obtaining, training, motivating, and retaining

An employee who brags about her company to friends and recommends all company products as gifts is likely to have high ______

organizational commitment

A technique that helps employees deal with change that includes them in the decision-making process is _____.

participation

Which of the following is NOT a common method of organization development?

positive feedback

Right to work laws

prohibition employees from being required to join a union as a condition of employment; Hawaii is not a right to work state

Quid Pro Quo Harassment

put in the position of jeopardizing being hired for a job or obtaining job benefits or opportunities

Interviews are valid predictors of success in the workplace if _______.

questions are structured.

The three main models that managers use to make decisions are _______.

rational, bounded rational, and intuitive

Planning gives organizations a way to deal with change that ________.

reduces uncertainty

With respect to employee engagement in a job, this seems to be the most important factor to employees around the world.

respect

Which of the following is NOT a function of planning?

settling disputes between employees

Traditional organizational designs tend to be more mechanistic and include __________.

simple, functional, and divisional structures

A company whose goal is to retain its ideal size and market share is employing which kind of strategy?

stability

Fair Labor Act

started the minimum wage

According to Michael Porter, a company with good products that has no clear competitive advantage is said to be _____.

stuck in the middle

Most successful companies find that ______ a competitive advantage is almost as difficult as developing a competitive advantage.

sustaining

The average team score is NOT consistently better than

the "best" individual score

Human Capital

the economic or productive potential of employee knowledge, experience and actions

Social Capital:

the economic or productive potential of strong, trusting and cooperative relationships

Taking a job in a repressive country that you disapprove of politically might cause discomfort from dissonance unless _____

the job offers enormous pay

Cognitive dissonance theory states that a person feels ____ when his or her attitudes and actions don't match

uncomfortable

Cognitive Dissonance

when attitudes and behavior collide

All of the following are included in the six behaviors that managers try to explain, predict, and influence EXCEPT ____.

workplace attitudes and perceptions.