Bus 491 Midterm

Multidimensional OLAP (MOLAP)

OLAP tools that load data into an intermediate structure, usually a three or higher-dimensional array

Relational OLAP (ROLAP)

OLAP tools that view the database as a traditional relational database in either a star schema or other normalized or denormalized set of tables

NoSQL

Short for "Not only SQL", NoSQL is a class of database technology used to store and access textual and other unstructured data, using more flexible structures than the rows and columns format of relational databases

derived data

data that have been selected, formatted, and aggregated for end-user decision support applications

Operational Metadata

describe the data in the various operational systems (as well as the external data) that feed the enterprise data warehouse. Operational metadata typically exist in a number of different formats and unfortunately are often of poor quality

Data mart metadata

describe the derived data layer and the rules for transforming reconciled data to derived data.

reconciled data

detailed current data intended to be the single authoritative source for all decisions support applications

The Need for Data Warehousing

1. A business requires an integrated, company-wide view of high-quality information. 2. The information systems department must separate informational from operational systems to improve performance dramatically in managing company data

Data Mart

A data warehouse that is limited in scope, whose data are obtained by selecting and summarizing data from a data warehouse or from seperate extract, transform and load processes from source data systems

Data Warehouse

A subject-oriented, integrated, time-variant, non-updatable collection of data used in support of management decision-making processes

Data Mining (DM)

Advanced methods for exploring and modeling relationships in large amount of data.

Real-time data warehouse

An enterprise data warehouse that accepts near-real-time feeds of transactional data from the systems of record, analyzes warehouse data, and in near-real-time relays business rules to the data warehouse and systems of record so that immediate action can be taken in response to business events

Data Propagation

Duplicates data across databases, usually with near-real-time delay. Even-Driven propagation

Response Modeling

Improve response rates by identifying prospects who are more likely to respond to a direct solicitation.

Data Mining

Knowledge discovery using a blend of statistical, AI, and computer graphics techniques

Data mining

Knowledge discovery, using a sophisticated blend of techniques from traditional statistics, artificial intelligence, and computer graphics

Data Federation

Provides a virtual view of integrated data without actually bringing the data all into one physical centralized database

Business Analytics /Intelligence

The extensive use of data, statistical and quantitative analysis, explanatory and predictive models, and fact-based management to drive decisions and actions.

Grain

The level of detail in a fact table, determined by the intersection of all the components of the primary key, including all foreign keys and any other primary key elements

Data visualization

The representation of data in graphical and multimedia formats for human analysis

Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)

The use of a set of graphical tools that provides users with multidimensional views of their data and allows them to analyze the data using simple windowing techniques

enterprise data warehouse

a centralized, integrated data warehouse that is the control point and single source of all data made available to end users for decision support applications

logical data marts

a data mart created by a relational view of a data warehouse

dependent data mart

a data mart filled exclusively from an enterprise data warehouse and its reconciled data

independent data mart

a data mart filled with data extracted from the operational environment, without the benefit of a data warehouse

subject-oriented data warehouse

a data warehouse is organized around the key subjects or high-level entities of the enterprise. Major subjects may include customers, patients, students, products, and time.

Event

a database action (create/ update/ delete) that results from a transaction

star schema

a simple database design in which dimenstional data are seperated from fact or event data. A dimensional model is another name for a star Schema

Informational system

a system designed to support decision making based on historical point-in-time and prediction data for complex queries or data-mining applications

Operational system

a system that is used to run a business in real time, based on current data; also called a system of record

Snowflake Schema

an expanded version of a start schema in which dimension tables are normalized into several related tables

Big Data

an ill-defined term applied to databases whose size strains the ability of commonly used relational DBMSs to capture, manage, and process the data within a tolerable elapsed time

Operational data store (ODS)

an integrated, subject-oriented, continulously updateable, current-valued (with recent history), enterprise-wide, detailed database designed to serve operational users as they do decision support processing

Enterprise Data Warehouse Metadata

are derived (or least consistent with) the enterprise data model. EDW metadata describe the reconciled data layer as well as the rules for extracting, transforming, and loading operational data into reconciled data mart

nonupdateable data warehouse

data in the data warehouse are loaded and refreshed from operational systems but cannot be updated by end users

Time-variant data warehouse

data in the data warehouse contain a time dimension so that they may be used to study trends and change

transient data

data in which changes to existing records are written over previous records, thus destroying the previous data content

periodic data

data that are never physically altered or deleted once they have been added to the store

Conformed dimension

one or more dimension tables associated with two or more fact tables for which the dimension tables have the same business meaning and primary key with each fact table

Integrated data warehouse

the data housed in the data warehouse are definited using consistent naming conventions, formats, encoding structures, and related characteristics gathered from several internal systems of record and also often from sources external to the organization. This means that the data warehouse holds the one version of "the truth"