Business chap 10

The idea that setting ambitious, but attainable goals can motivate workers and improve performance if the goals are accepted and accompanied by feedback and facilitated by organizational conditions is at the heart of which motivation theory?

Drucker's goal-setting theory

The study that asked workers to rank a list of job-related factors in order of what motivated them most was a new direction taken by:

Frederick Herzberg

The "Principles of Scientific Management" was written by:

Frederick Taylor

Frederick Taylor wrote:

The Principles of Scientific Management

Employee empowerment cannot be successful without clear and open throughout an organization.

communication

The key to successful employee empowerment is free-flowing and information throughout the organization.

communication

Self-managed teams improve productivity because the members appreciate having the to control their own work.

freedom

An assumption about people made by a Theory Y manager is that people:

naturally like to work

Maslow's theory states that once needs are met they:

no longer motivate

More people leave their jobs for:

opportunities to advance their careers

Taylor's method of studying workers to find the most efficient ways of doing things and then teaching people those techniques is called

scientific management

What theory is based on the idea that employees try to maintain fairness or balance between inputs and outputs as compared to others in similar positions?

Equity

The belief that your work makes a difference and gives you satisfaction is an example of:

an intrinsic reward

Job enrichment focuses on enhancing the elements most closely related to Herzberg's ______ or higher level needs as defined in his theory.

motivators

During the first set of Hawthorne Experiments,

researchers thought they had failed due to the unexpected results researchers realized there had to be another factor affecting productivity productivity continued to increase regardless of changing conditions

To use self-managed teams to improve productivity, management must reinvent work by:

respecting workers developing workers' skills allowing autonomy

Which of the following is about a manager's attitudes and assumptions about workers?

McGregor's Theory X McGregor's Theory Y

According to Ouchi's Theory, which of these elements are included in Type A management?

Rapid promotion Individual decision making

If one manager views most employees as motivated to do work while a second manager views most employees as lazy, they are operating under which of the following management theories respectively?

Theory Y and Theory X

According to Ouchi's Theory Z, Type management is achievement oriented.

a

According to a survey of recent college graduates, opportunities for are important in attracting and retaining employees.

advancement,

Characteristics of the Millennial Generation include:

always having the Internet in their world having cell phones having been raised by indulgent parents

Vroom's expectancy theory states that the:

amount of effort an employee exerts on a specific task depends on expectations of the outcome

An assumption about people by a Theory Y manager would be that workers

enjoy

theory states that employees look for fairness in the workplace as compared to others before deciding to perform.

equity

Vroom's motivation theory states that the amount of effort that employees exert on a specific task is based on their of the outcome.

expectation

While workers in the United States are more task oriented and require information to do their jobs, workers from Korea are more motivated by strong relationships and developing trust to do the same job. That is because Korea is a ______ context culture and the U.S. is a ______ context culture.

high, low

The second set of Hawthorne Experiments continued to result in productivity regardless of changing physical conditions.

increased

high, low

internet

The personal satisfaction you feel when you perform well and complete goals is an example of a(n) reward.

intrinsic

Globalization has created a need for managers to understand cultural differences in order to employees around the world.

motivate

According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, after you have eaten, you are no longer to find food.

motivated

Herzberg studied job-related factors as they relate to

motivation

Taylor's method was to:

teach people the one best way to do their jobs determine the one "best" way study the most efficient way to do a task

Managers must recognize that motivating individuals today requires:

that generations have different cultures familiarity with a variety of cultures from around the world understanding of different cultures within a country

A culture that focuses on building personal relationships and before focusing on tasks is a high-context culture.

trust

According to McGregor, Theory X managers view employees as:

wishing to avoid responsibility

Viewing employees as people who hate to work is considered the view point of a Theory manager.

x

To which part of the theories is job enrichment most closely related?

Herzberg's higher-level motivators

theory, the basis for Management by Objectives developed by Peter Drucker in the 1960s, proposes that setting ambitious, but attainable goals can motivate workers and improve performance.

goal setting

Herzberg studied the relationship between:

motivation and job-related factors