Business Chapter 8,
Owner of a lawn business he splits the job functions into three groups, what is this an example of?
division of labor
What is economics of scale?
fact that companies can reduce their production costs by purchasing raw materials in bulk.
What are flat organization structures?
fewer layers of management, broad span of control.
Remaining ________ is the key to an organization's success in changing times?
flexible
Weber's principles of organization resembles Fayol's, but include these that are different.
job descriptions, written rules, consistent procedures, staffing and promotion based qualifications
What is chain of command?
line of authority that moves from the top of the hierarchy to the lowest level
What is Fayol's equity refer to?
manager should treat employees and peers with respect and jutice
What is Fayol's authority refer to?
managers have the right to give orders and the power to enforce obedience.
What is Fayol's order refer to?
materials and people should be placed and maintained in the proper location
What is mass production?
methods for efficiently producing large quantities of goods.
What is decentralized authority?
occurs when decision making is delegated to lower-level managers and employees more familiar with local conditions than headquarters management could be.
__________________, or structuring, begins with determining what work needs to be done and then dividing up the tasks.
organizing
What is division of labor?
setting up teams or departments to do specific tasks.
What is an organizational chart?
shows relationships among people, who is accountable, who reports to who
What is real time?
simply the present moment or the actual time in which an event takes place.
What is Fayol's esprit de corps refer to?
spirit of pride and loyalty should be created among people in the firm.
What is a hierarchy?
system i which one person is at the top of the organization and there is a ranked or sequential ordering from the top down of managers and others who are responsible to that person.
The organizational culture outlines a company's widely shared _____________ and provides unity and cooperation
values
Job specialization involves:
dividing tasks into smaller jobs
What is job specialization?
dividing tasks into smaller jobs
What is Fayol's subordination of individual interests to the general interest refer to?
workers are to think of themselves as a coordinated team.
What is Fayol's clear communication channels refer to?
all workers should be able to reach others in the firm quickly and easily
what are drivers of organizational change?
pressure to preserve the natural environment, faster technological change, more global competition
What is bureaucracy?
The reliance on rules and regulations to give managers control over employees
What are staff personnel?
advise and assist line personnel in meeting their goals.
What is the trend today in terms of control?
expand control as empowerment is adopted, reduce middle managers, hire more talented lower employees
What are some advantages to centralized authority?
greater top management, more efficient, simpler distribution, stronger brand image.
What is Fayol's hierarchy of authority refer to?
all workers should know who they report to, managers should have to right to give orders and expect other to follow.
What is Fayol's degree of centralization refer to?
amount of decision-making power vested in top management should vary by circumstances.
Adjusting to changing markets is a normal function of what type of economy?
capitalists
Managing what? has become a critical managerial function because the increasing rate of change affects all organizations.
change
Regardless of the size of the organizations, the principles of organizing include:
deciding what needs to be done, dividing tasks
What is the process of setting up individual departments to do specialized tasks?
departmentalization
What is Fayol's Unity of command refer to?
each worker is to report to one, and only one boss.
What is Fayol's division of labor refer to?
functions are to divided into area of specialization such as production, marketing, finance.
For departments to operate effectively, they must be allocated sufficient resources such as?
funds, personnel, equipment
Weber believed?
large organizations demanded clearly established rules and guidelines to be followed precisely.
If an organization temporarily borrows its specialists from different functional area to accomplish a common project. it is implementing what type of organization?
matrix organization
the line organization has direct lines of ______________, _____________ and __________________ that extend from the top manager to employees at the lowers level of the organization
responsibility, authority, communication
What are line personnel?
responsible for directly achieving goals, and include production workers, distribution people, and marketing personnel