Business management chapter 3
Who is more likely to set high goals for themselves and push ahead with difficult projects?
Managers with high self-esteem
Big Five
Managers' personalities can be described by a point on a scale where each of the ______ traits has a high and low range.
The manager with this trait is often original, has a wide range of interests, and is not afraid to take risks. What trait does this manager exhibit?
Openness to experience
This type of manager is most likely to be innovative and take risks. What personality trait exhibits these characteristics?
Openness to experience
Which of the following statements are true of OCBs? (Choose all that apply.)
They are necessary for having a competitive advantage, They contribute to and are necessary for organizational efficiency.
The individuals who play a critical role in developing, maintaining, and communicating organizational culture are the: (Choose all that apply.)
founders, management
When people feel accountable and responsible for their own actions, an ______ locus of control helps to ensure ethical behavior and decision making.
internal
As new employees are hired and they begin to learn the organizational values and norms, they are in the process of ___________.
organizational socialization
How individuals enter, advance within, or leave an organization define the rites of ______.
passage
This specific process, known as a rite of ______, determines how individuals enter, advance within, and leave an organization.
passage
When we describe the enduring characteristics that make people think, feel, and act in particular ways, we are referring to _______.
personality traits
Enduring tendencies to feel, think, and act in certain ways are ______ traits.
personality
personality traits
When we describe the enduring characteristics that make people think, feel, and act in particular ways, we are referring to _______.
A model that explains how personality may influence organizational culture suggests that founders or managers hire individuals similar to themselves, while those who are dissimilar to the managers have to leave the organization. This is the ______ framework.
attraction-selection-attrition
Awards, news releases, and promotions are just some of the ways that organizations reward employee contributions. Such employee recognition is known as a rite of
enhancement
The need for affiliation is a concern for: (Choose all that app
establishing and maintaining good interpersonal relations, being liked, having people get along with one another.
The tendency to locate responsibility for one's fate in outside forces is known as ______ locus control.
external
When Leland learned of the flood in the basement of the building that was impacting production of the highly touted asthma medication that was expected on the market any day, he had his department continue business as usual, believing that there was nothing his team could do to help the situation. He was demonstrating his _______, demonstrating his belief that there was nothing he could do to help make a difference or solve the problem.
external locus of control
Which of the following are the Big Five personality traits? (Choose all that apply.)
extraversion, negative affectivity, agreeableness, conscientiousness, open to experience
True or false: Managers who are high on the agreeableness continuum are likable, tend to be affectionate, yet tend to be distrustful of others.
false
True or false: While it is important that managers believe they can make a difference in an organization, when outside factors impact an organization, managers are correct in their belief that an internal or external locus of control cannot do much to change the situation.
false
When a company shares announcements of successes through office parties, this is an example of a rite of
integration
Rashida had been a top performer two quarters running. She was organized; she was an outstanding manager; and she always performed her task with accuracy and efficiency. It was Rashida's ______ that drove her to meet her own standards of excellence.
need to achieve
Personality traits that may be effective in one situation may be detrimental in another. This illustrates the fact that ______.
no one trait is always right or wrong for being effective as a manager
Managers shape organizational culture through the kinds of ______ they promote in an organization. (Choose all that apply)
norms values
As a result of their socialization experiences, managers transmit to their employees the organization's ______ to ensure that employees behave in accordance with the organizational culture.
norms and cultural values
The rites of passage, integration, and enhancement are used by organizations to transmit cultural ______.
norms and values
Emotional intelligence is the ability of people to understand and manage ______ moods and emotions. (Choose all that apply.)
one's own, other people's.
Gradually, the founder's values and norms permeate and define the ______ culture.
organizational
People who belong to the same organization and share the same values, set of beliefs, norms, work routines, and goals also share a(n) ______.
organizational culture
A(n) is the enduring tendency to feel, think, and act in certain ways.
personality trait
Job ______ refers to how managers feel and what they believe about their current job.
satisfaction
Researchers consider individuals' personalities as having enduring characteristics that they refer to as the ________ personality traits.
Big Five
Which of the "Big Five" personality traits is a good predictor of performance in jobs that require organization and self-discipline?
Conscientiousness
Elliot suggests having weekly lunches with his department so that they can discuss how the department can work more effectively. The lunches begin with a brief agenda about the department, and then end with everyone socializing. What is personality trait is Elliot demonstrating?
Extraversion
What is the impact of a founder's influence on the organizational culture?
It has long-lasting effects on organizational culture
When managers have positive feelings about their current job and believe their organization is moving in the right direction, they are experiencing ______.
Job satisfaction
the manager's characteristics, including personality traits
Managerial effectiveness is determined by complex interactions between the nature of the job and organization in which a manager works and ______.
experience negative emotions, feel anger towards oneself, experience negative moods.
Negative affectivity can be described as the tendency to: (Choose all that apply.)
What is it called when individuals feel good about themselves and their capabilities?
Self-esteem
What are methods that describe organizational heroes and villains, communicate organizational culture, and define values and attitudes?
Stories and language
What values signify what an organization and its members are striving to accomplish?
Terminal
When a person holds a value that represents a personal conviction about a lifelong objective, how would this value be defined?
Terminal
What best characterizes managers high on the agreeableness continuum?
They get along well with people.
True or False: Extraversion refers to the tendency to experience positive emotions and moods and feel good about oneself and the rest of the world.
True
When managers are proud of the organizations in which they work and feel a high degree of loyalty, they are likely to demonstrate: (Choose all that apply.)
a belief in organizational norms, conscientiousness, organizational commitment.
Managers with ______ emotional intelligence are more likely to understand why they are feeling stress and how they can best control it by making wise decisions.
a high level of
The need for ______ refers to the desire to be liked, to develop interpersonal relationships, and to be surrounded by others with whom an individual gets along.
affiliation
A manager with a high level of ______ is important in jobs where close relationships are required within the work group.
agreeableness
A manager with low level of ______ can be an asset for jobs in the military where antagonistic behavior is used to discipline subordinates.
agreeableness
Managers high on the continuum tend to be affectionate, likable, and get along well with other people and work well with most members of a work group.
agreeableness
Openness to experience is the tendency to ______.
be open to a wide range of stimuli, be original.
Managers who are high on extraversion scale tend to ______.
be outgoing
When managers perform behaviors that are above and beyond their job descriptions in order to help their organizations gain a competitive advantage, this can be referred to as organizational ______.
citizenship behaviors
A manager who is disorganized and seems to lack self-discipline is low in
conscientiousness
Entrepreneurs who found their own companies tend to be high on the ______ scale
conscientiousness
The "Big Five" personality trait that includes characteristics such as being scrupulous and persevering is ______.
conscientiousness
Managers who are high on the level of openness to experience _____.
continue to explore new ways to grow.
How managers perform the four main managerial functions--planning, organizing, leading, and controlling--are largely influenced by ______.
culture
Employees acquire norms and values as well as a set of behaviors via a process referred to as organizational ____.
socialization
Being on the low end of indicates a manager who is less inclined to be social and has a more negative outlook.
extraversion
Managers who are sociable, affectionate, outgoing, and friendly tend to be at the high end of the ______ trait.
extraversion
A mood is a(n): (Choose all that apply.)
feeling, state of mind.
Effective managers often set standards of excellence for themselves and have the desire to perform challenging tasks at a high level. These managers possess a(n) ______.
high need for achievement
Organizational culture refers to a shared set of values, beliefs, and routines that have an impact on ______.
how people within the organization interact and work towards achieving organizational goals.
A mode of conduct that an individual seeks to follow is called a(n) ______ value.
instrumental
Lacy decides that she is going to write weekly goals and status reports to track her progress. She is also going to arrive early to work daily so she can go through e-mail before her day begins. Lacy is exhibiting her ______ values.
instrumental
Personal convictions about modes of conduct are examples of _____ values.
instrumental
The shared announcements of organizational successes that build and reinforce common bonds among organizational members are the rites of ______.
integration
The two attitudes that are most important to managers' achieving success at and for their organizations are ______.
job satisfaction and organizational commitment
Individuals with ______ self-esteem have poor opinions of themselves and are unsure of their capabilities.
low
Being high on extraversion ______ managers whose jobs entail especially high levels of social interaction.
may be an asset for
A feeling or state of mind defines a(n) ______.
mood
When someone experiences negative moods and emotions, and feels distressed, they are high in ______.
negative affectivity
Elements such as socialization, stories, rites, and ceremonies reflect the values of the founder, and these are part of the ______.
organizational culture
A manager who is low on the negative affectivity continuum is likely to experience ______.
positive emotions
What kind of programs do many organizations have to help new employees learn to internalize the organizational culture?
socialization programs
Organizational culture reflects the values of the founder and includes elements such as: (Choose all that apply.)
stories. socialization. ceremonies and rites.
A lifelong goal or objective that an individual seeks to achieve is called a(n) ______ value.
terminal
Of the two personal values, ______ values are described as the personal conviction about lifelong goals.
terminal
The two kinds of personal values are: (Choose all that apply.)
terminal and instrumental
A(n) _______ value is a personal conviction that drives an individual towards a lifelong goal; while a(n) ______ value is a personal conviction about the way to behave to achieve the goal.
terminal; instrumental
When people with high self-esteem feel good about themselves, they also feel good about ______.
their capabilities
True or false: When top managers encourage their employees to pay attention to the competition, look towards the future, and to innovate, this is an example of an organizational culture.
true
The terminal and instrumental values that are guiding principles in an individual's life make up their _______.
value system
Deeply-held beliefs that influence what managers are trying to achieve through work and how they think they should behave are known as ______.
values
Which of the following characteristics are instilled during the process of organizational socialization?
values and norms
Managers who are high on the ______ continuum are likable, tend to be affectionate, and care about other people.
agreeableness
What are the traits of managers that experience high negative affectivity?(Choose all that apply.)
Dissatisfied with work, Complain about their own progress, Feel angry, Complain about others' progress
Annika Ramira hired Shelton Cotton as a researcher and designer to help with product development. She saw in him the eagerness and desire to innovate that she practiced as well. Her last hire, Salina Rani, had not worked out as well. Salina was smart, but overeager and not disciplined. She didn't last at the company. What framework does Annika's situation describe?
The attraction-selection-attrition (ASA) framework
What do managers with an internal locus of control believe about the impact of their own actions and behaviors?
They believe their own actions and behaviors are major and decisive determinants of outcomes such as levels of job attainment.
Managers who are committed to their organizations: (Choose all that apply.)
are proud of what these organizations stand for, believe in what their organizations are doing, feel a high degree of loyalty toward their organizations.
A collection of feelings and beliefs are known as a(n) ______.
attitude
Managers can model their values for their employees when they demonstrate how the employees should ______ in order to achieve their goals. (Choose all that apply.)
behave, work
The three most common rites used by organizations to transmit cultural norms and values are: (Choose all that apply.)
integration. passage. enhancement.
Because managers are responsible for what happens in organizations, they need a (an) ______ locus of control.
internal
The tendency to identify responsibility for one's fate within oneself is an ____ locus of control.
internal
The degree to which people feel that they have control of their surroundings varies. When looking at personality traits of managers, many have a (n) ______, which makes them feel that they themselves are responsible for important outcomes within the organization.
internal locus of control
When managers believe that they themselves are responsible for their own fate, they have a (an) ______ locus of control; when they believe they that external factors are responsible for situations around them that they cannot control, they have a (an) ______ locus of control.
internal; external