BUSMIS Midterm Chapter 3

Application generation system

Contains facilities to help you develop transaction-intensive applications. These types of apps usually require that you perform a detailed series of tasks to process a transaction. Include tools for creating visually appealing and easy-to-use data entry screens, programming language specific to a particular DBMS, and interfaces to commonly used programming languages that are independent of DBMS

Data Dictionary

Contains the logical structure for the informational data base. Contains important information (or logical properties) about your information. (Ex: phone number is 10 digits)

CRUD

Create, read, update, delete. IDing who can perform those functions on various data base info in important and party of security management facilities

Artificial Intelligence

Include tools such as neutral network and fuzzy logic to form the basis of information discovery and build business intelligence in OLAP

OLAP

Manipulation of information to support decision making. Helps generate cross selling opportunities

Data Warehouses Are...

Multidimensional and Support decision making not transaction processing (most databases support OLTP while data warehouses support only OLAP)

In working with IT Tools you'll perform 2 types of information processing

Online transaction processing (OLTP) and online analytical processing (OLAP)

Types of Data Manipulation Tools

views, report generators, query-by-example tools, and structured query language

You are actively engaging in analytics when

when you build a data warehouse and use data-mining tools to manipulate the data warehouse's info

Relation

Describes each two-dimentinal table or file in the relational model

DBMS and Databases provide 2 advantages in separating logical from physical view of info

1) DBMS handles the physical tasks so you the user can concentrate solely on your logical info needs 2) Although there is only one physical view of into, there may be numerous knowledge workers who have different logical views of the info in a database

Important Considerations in Using a Data Warehouse

1) Do you need a data warehouse? 2) Do all your employees need an entire data warehouse? 3) How up to date must the information be? 4) What data mining tools do you need?

Extraction, transformation, and loading (ETL)

1) Extracting needed data from its sources 2) Transforming the data into a standardized format 3) Loading the transformed data into a data warehouse

Analytics Life Cycle

1) Gather analytics needs 2) find the data 3) ETL 4) Mine the data

Database

A collection of information that you organize and access according to the logical structure of that information

Data Warehouse

A logical collection of information gathered from many different operation activities used to create BI that supports business analysis activities and decision making tools

Structured query language (SQL)

A standardized 4th generation query language found in most DBMSs. Performs the same functions as QBE expect you perform the query by creating a statement instead of pointing, clicking, and dragging. Basic is Select... From... Where...

Data Mart

A subset of a data warehouse in which only a focused portion of the data warehouse info is kept

View

Allows you to see the contents of a database file, make whatever changed you want, perform simple sorting, and query to find the location of specific information

Digital Dashboard

Displays key info gathered from several sources on a computer screen in a format tailored to the needs and wants of an individual knowledge worker

Primary Key

Field or group of fields that uniquely describes each record. Cannot be blank

Logical View of Info

Focuses on how you as a knowledge worker need to arrange and access information to meet your professional business needs.

Data Definition Subsystem

Helos you create and maintain the data dictionary and define the structure of the files in a database. Needed if you want to delete a given field or add a field

Statistical Tools

Help you apply various mathematical models to the info stored in a data warehouse to discover new info

Query-by-example (QBE) Tools

Help you graphically design the answer to a question. Rely heavily on relationships between tables. To perform you 1) ID files in which the needed info is located 2) drag any necessary fields from the ID files to the QBE grid 3) specify selection criteria

Report Generators

Help you quickly define formats of reports and what info you want to see in a report. Once you define a report, you can view it on the screen or print it

Data Manipulation Subsystem

Helps you add, change, and delete information in a database and query it for valuable info. Software tools within the data manipulation subsystem are more often the primary interface between you as a user and the info contained in a database

Data Administration Subsystem

Helps you manage the overall database environment by providing facilities for backup and recovery, security management, query optimization, concurrency control, and change management. Most often used by data admin.

Database Management Systems (DBMSs)

Helps you specify the logical organization for a database and access and use the information within a database. Contains 5 important software components 1) DBMS engine 2) Data definition subsystem 3) Data manipulation subsystem 4) Application generation subsystem 5) Data administration subsystem

Foreign Key

Primary key of one file that appears in another file. Essential to the relational database model because they create logical ties among the various files

CPO

Responsible for ensuring that info is used in an ethical way and that only the right people have access to certain types of info such as finical records, payroll, and heath care

CTO

Responsible for overseeing both the underlying IT infrastructure within an org and the user-facing tech

CIO

Responsible for overseeing every aspect of an org's information resource

CSO

Responsible for the technical aspects of ensuring that security of info such as the development and use of firewalls, intranets, extranets, and anti-virus software

Integrity Constraints

Rules that help ensure the quality of the info

Query-and-reporting tools

Similar to QBE tools, SQL, and report generators in the typical database environment

MDA Tools

Slice-and-dice techniques that allow you to view multidimensional information from different perspectives

Data mining tools

Software tools you use to query info in a data warehouse. Support idea of OLAP. Include query-and-reporting tools, artificial intelligence MDA, digital dashboards, and stat tools

Attributes

Specific pieces of information in a file (table/relation). Also called a field or column

Data Administration

The function is an org that plans for, oversees the development of, and monitors the info resource

Database Administration

The function of an organization that is responsible for the more technical and operational aspects of managing the info contained in organizational info repositories. Functions include defining an organizing database structures and contents, developing security procedures, and approving and monitoring the development of database and database apps

Key Performance Indicators (KPI)

The most essential important quantifiable measures used in analytics initiative to monitor success of a business activity. Can be different for different people in the same organization

DBMS Engine

The most important, yet seldom recognized components of DBMS. Accepts logical requests from the various other DBMS subsystems, converts them into their physical equivalent, and actually accesses the database and data dictionary as they exist in a storage device. Can process any logical info view or request into its physical equivalent

Hypercube

The multidimensional representation of information

Relational Database

Uses a series of logically related two-dimential tables or files to store information in the form of a database. Comprised of two distinct parts: 1) the information itself, stored in a series of two dimensional tables, files, or relations. 2) logical structure of that info

Relational Data Base and Physical Location of Info

You do not need to know the physical location like in excel only the field name of the column of info and its logical row

By defining the logical structure of info in a relational database

You're also developing integrity constraints

Information needs of an org overseen by data admin

backup and recovery files, security management facilities, query optimization facilities, reorganization facilities, concurrency control facilities, change management facilities

The Tool Set of the Analytics Professional

data mining tools(query-and-reporting tools, artificial intelligence, multidimensional analysis (MDA) tools, and digital dashboard)

Physical View Of Info

deals with how info is physically arranged, stores, and accessed on some type of storage device such as a hard disk.

OLTP

gathering of input information, processing that information, and updating existing information to reflect the gathered an processed information. Directly supported by tools like Databases and DBMSs (also called operational databases). Inside operational databases is valuable info that forms the basis for BI

analytics

the science of fact-based decision making.