C Programming-- Chapter 1

Who created B

Ken Thompson

Translator programs called ____ convert high-level language programs into machine language.

compilers

Moore's Law

the observation that computing power roughly doubles every two years.

One early application of C was in the _____ operating system, a forerunner of modern-day Linux.

unix

Six Phases of development for a C program

1. Edit the source code 2. Preprocessor scans the source code 3. Compiler converts source code into object code. 4. Linker links code with system library 5. (When run) loader puts program into memory 6. CPU executes each instruction.

The forerunners of C were

BCPL ---> B ------> C

C was created at ______ Laboratories in the early 1970s.

Bell

Who created C

Dennis Ritchie

True or false: primary memory is faster and cheaper than secondary storage memory.

False; faster, but significantly more expensive. Also, more volatile in that primary memory is deleted when computer shuts off. Secondary storage memory lasts even when computer is powered off

Data hierarchy

File--big; distinct unit of information organization record---- collection of words field----- word composed of symbols character---- letter symbol, represented by series of bits bit--smallest (0/1)

________-level languages allow you to write instructions that look almost like everyday English and contain commonly used mathematical expressions

High

Dennis Ritchie and ___________ created C textbook, that is still widely acclaimed today.

Kernighan

True or false: Because C is a hardware independent, widely-available language, applications written in C can often run with little or no modification on a wide variety of systems.

True

Although _________ language code is clearer to humans, it is incomprehensible to computers until translated to machine language by ____________.

assembly; assemblers

Logical units of a computer include

input output memory unit (primary memory) Arithematic and logic unit/ CPU Secondary Storage Unit

C is a _____-level high-level language.

low (just above assembly language)

Any computer can only directly understand its own __________ __________, defined by its hardware design.

machine language