C1-3, 5 combined Exam I
Multiple values returned from an SQL query that includes an aggregate function are called: A) vector aggregates. B) scalar aggregates. C) agates. D) summations
A
In an SQL statement, which of the following parts states the conditions for row selection? A) Select B) From C) Where D) Group By
C
The views are created by executing a CREATE VIEW SQL command. T/F
T
The most important challenge of customizing a purchased data model is: determining the business rules that will be established through the data model. implementation. user training. getting user buy-in.
a
1) The logical representation of an organization's data is called a(n): A) database model. B) entity-relationship model. C) relationship systems design. D) database entity diagram.
b
12) Which of the following is an entity that exists independently of other entity types? A) Codependent B) Weak C) Strong D) Variant
c
92) In the figure shown below, a person has to be married.
f
46) The E-R model is used to construct a conceptual model.
t
73) An entity type name should always be a singular noun.
t
What does the following SQL statement do? Update Product_T Set Unit_Price = 775 Where Product_ID = 7 A) Changes the price of a unit called Product_T to 7 B) Changes the unit price of Product 7 to 775 C) Changes the length of the Unit_Price field to 775 D) Updates the Product_T table to have a unit price of 775
B
Which of the following can produce scalar and vector aggregates? A) ORDER BY B) GROUP BY C) HAVING D) SORT
B
What result set will the following query return? Select Item_No, description from item where weight > 100 and weight < 200; A) The Item_No and description for all items weighing less than 100 B) The Item_No for all items weighing between 101 and 199 C) The Item_No and description for all items weighing between 101 and 199 D) The Item_No for all items weighing more than 200
C
Which of the following finds all groups meeting stated conditions? A) Select B) Where C) Having D) Find
C
The SDLC phase in which database processing programs are created is the ________ phase. A) planning B) design C) analysis D) implementation
D
52) A business rule is a statement of how a policy is enforced or conducted.
F
62) In the figure below, Name would be an ideal identifier.
F
72) An entity type on which a strong entity is dependent is called a covariant entity. T/F
F
84) The relationship among the instances of three entity types is called a unary relationship. T/F
F
86) It is not permissible to associate attributes with relationships. T/F
F
In the figure shown below, a rental unit can be both a house and an apartment. T/F
F
Indexes generally slow down access speed in most RDMS. T/F
F
Packaged data models cause projects to take more time to build. (T/F)
F
Reduced program maintenance is an advantage of file processing systems. T/F
F
Regardless of the business situation, a member of the supertype is always a member of more than one subtype. (T/F)
F
Repositories are always used in file processing systems. T/F
F
SQL has been implemented only in the mainframe and midrange environments.
F
Subtypes at the lowest level of a hierarchy do not inherit attributes from their ancestors. T/F
F
The CREATE SCHEMA DDL command is used to create a table. T/F
F
The HAVING clause and the WHERE clause perform the same operation. T/F
F
The comparison operators = and != are used to establish a range of values.
F
When the total specialization rule is set for a supertype/subtype relationship, one could roughly compare the supertype to an abstract class in object-oriented programming. (T/F)
F
E. F. Codd developed the relational data model during the 1970s. T/F
T
Entity clustering is a methodology for grouping one or more entity types and associated relationships into a single abstract entity type. (T/F)
T
In prototyping, implementation and maintenance activities are repeated as necessary until the product is correct. T/F
T
Multi-tier client/server database applications contain a business logic layer. T/F
T
Packaged data models are meant to be customized. (T/F)
T
11) Customers, cars, and parts are examples of: A) entities. B) attributes. C) cardinals. D) relationships.
a
17) A property or characteristic of an entity type that is of interest to the organization is called a(n): A) attribute. B) coexisting entity. C) relationship. D) cross-function.
a
30) In the figure below, which attribute is derived? A) Years_Employed B) Employee_ID C) Skill D) Address
a
6) In an E-R diagram, there are/is ________ business rule(s) for every relationship. A) two B) three C) one D) zero
a
7) Business policies and rules govern all of the following EXCEPT: A) managing employees. B) creating data. C) updating data. D) removing data.
a
A Simple attribute with alternative values to indicate the possible subtypes Disjoint Overlaping
a
A ________ addresses whether an instance of a supertype may simultaneously be a member of two or more subtypes. disjointness constraint partial specialization disjoint rule total specialization
a
A composite attribute whose subparts pertain to different subtypes Overlapping
a
A database is an organized collection of ________ related data logically physically loosely badly
a
A database is an organized collection of ________ related data. A) logically B) physically C) loosely D) badly
a
A major difference between data warehouses and transactional systems as compared to big data is: A) the data is unstructured in big data systems. B) the size of the CPU used. C) the programming required to access data. D) all of the above.
a
All of the following are advantages of packaged data models EXCEPT: more one-to-one relationships give the data model more flexibility
a
An attribute of the supertype that determines the target subtype(s) is called the: subtype discriminator. subtype decision. disjoint indicator. determinant.
a
In a file processing environment, descriptions for data and the logic for accessing the data are built into: A) application programs. B) database descriptors. C) fields. D) records.
a
In a supertype/subtype hierarchy, subtypes that are lower in the hierarchy inherit attributes from not only their immediate supertype but from all ________ in the hierarchy. supertypes constraints dimensions subtypes
a
In the figure below, a student: must be a graduate student, an undergraduate, a special student or some other type of student.
a
In the figure below, to which of the following entities are the entities "CAR" and "TRUCK" generalized? Vehicle Car Truck
a
Supertype represents the entirety of the data structure with no entities left out. Represented by a double line Total Specialization Rule
a
The ________ rule states that an entity instance can simultaneously be a member of two (or more) subtypes. overlap disjoint partial specialization total specialization
a
The following figure is an example of: total specialization. partial specialization. disjointness. completeness.
a
The following figure shows an example of: the overlap rule. disjoint rule
a
26) In the following diagram, which is true? A) It depicts a ternary relationship. B) It depicts a many-to-many relationship. C) Item represents a column. D) BOM_STRUCTURE represents a row
b
3) A fact is an association between two or more: A) words. B) terms. C) facts. D) nuggets.
b
34) An attribute that uniquely identifies an entity and consists of a composite attribute is called a(n): A) composite attribute. B) composite identifier. C) identifying attribute. D) relationship identifier
b
36) A ________ specifies the number of instances of one entity that can be associated with each instance of another entity. A) degree B) cardinality constraint C) counter constraint D) limit
b
An instance of the supertype can be only ONE of the subtypes. Subtypes contain a unique subset of the supertype entity set. Also known as non overlapping A) disjointedness constraint B) disjoint rule C) partial specialization D) total specialization
b
Because applications are often developed independently in file processing systems: A) the data is always non-redundant. B) unplanned duplicate data files are the rule rather than the exception. C) data can always be shared with others. D) there is a large volume of file I/O.
b
Determining the structure of data and the relationships between data elements either right before or at the time of use of the data is called a) tables on write. b) schema on write. c) on demand paging. d) caching.
b
E. F. Codd developed the relational model in the: A) 1960s. B) 1970s. C) 1980s. D) 1990s.
b
In the figure below, the patient must be either an outpatient or a resident patient. This is an example of the ________ rule. specialization disjoint overlap generalization
b
16) An entity type name should be all of the following EXCEPT: A) concise. B) specific to the organization. C) as short as possible. D) a singular noun.
c
20) An attribute of an entity that must have a value for each entity instance is a(n): A) optional attribute. B) composite attribute. C) required attribute. D) fuzzy attribute
c
21) An attribute that can be broken down into smaller parts is called a(n) ________ attribute. A) associative B) simple C) composite D) complex
c
23) The number of entity types that participate in a relationship is called the: A) number. B) identifying characteristic. C) degree. D) counter.
c
25) In the following diagram, what type of relationship is depicted? A) Unary B) Binary C) Ternary D) Quad
c
29) In the figure below, which attribute is multivalued? A) Years_Employed B) Employee_ID C) Skill D) Address
c
9) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good business rule? A) Declarative B) Atomic C) Inconsistent D) Expressible
c
A(n) ________ is often developed by identifying a form or report that a user needs on a regular basis. A) enterprise view B) reporting document C) user view D) user snapshot
c
An iterative methodology that rapidly repeats the analysis, design, and implementation phases of the SDLC is called: A) CASE. B) CAD. C) RAD. D) MST.
c
Database management involves all of the following EXCEPT: A) collecting data. B) organizing data. C) design web pages. D) managing data.
c
One of the most popular RAD methods is: A) automated design. B) structured walkthrough. C) prototyping. D) crafting.
c
10) Which of the following is NOT a good characteristic of a data name? A) Relates to business characteristics B) Readable C) Repeatable D) Relates to a technical characteristic of the system
d
2) A good data definition will describe all of the characteristics of a data object EXCEPT: A) subtleties. B) examples. C) who determines the value of the data. D) who can delete the data.
d
24) A relationship between the instances of a single entity type is called a ________ relationship. A) ternary B) primary C) binary D) unary
d
31) An attribute that can be calculated from related attribute values is called a ________ attribute. A) simple B) composite C) multivalued D) derived
d
The SDLC phase in which database processing programs are created is the ________ phase. a) planning b)design c)analysis d)implementation
d
The ________ rule specifies that an entity can be a member of only one subtype at a time. removal inclusion exclusion disjoint
d
The following diagram shows: total specialization. the overlap rule. partial specialization. subtype discriminator.
d
49) The intent of a business rule is to break down business structure. T/F
f
51) When systems are automatically generated and maintained, quality is diminished.
f
57) An example of a term would be the following sentence: "A student registers for a course."
f
64) Most systems developers believe that data modeling is the least important part of the systems development process.
f
67) The purpose of data modeling is to document business rules about processes.
f
68) In an E-R diagram, strong entities are represented by double-walled rectangles.
f
70) Data names do not have to be unique. T/F
f
74) The name used for an entity type should never be the same in other E-R diagrams on which the entity appears.
f
75) Some examples of attributes are: eye_color, weight, student_id, STUDENT.
f
76) A simple attribute can be broken down into smaller pieces.
f
90) A cardinality constraint tells what kinds of properties are associated with an entity.
f
91) The maximum criminality of a relationship is the maximum number of instances of entity B that may be associated with each instance of entity A. T/F
f
A catalog is the structure that contains object descriptions created by a user.
f
A database is maintained and queried using the data mapping language (DML).
f
Count(*) tallies only those rows that contain a value, while Count counts all rows.
f
DCL is used to update the database with new records.
f
Implementation of a standard can never stifle creativity and innovation.
f
In 1998, ANSI/SPARC published an import document describing the three-schema architecture.
f
Materialized views are stored on disk and are never refreshed.
f
Organizations that utilize the file processing approach spend only 20 percent of development time on maintenance.
f
Packaged data models use an entity type to store union data. T/F
f
SQL originated from a project called System-S.
f
Systems analysts work directly with both management and users to analyze the business situation and develop detailed project specifications.
f
The ORDER BY clause is the first statement processed in an SQL command.
f
The following command would work fine: insert into budget values 121,222,111;
f
The following figure is an example of total specialization. T/F
f
The following query totals sales in state= 'MA' for each salesperson. Select salesperson_id, sum(sales) from salesperson group by salesperson_id having state = 'MA';
f
When creating a table, it is not important to consider foreign key—primary key mates.
f
61) A single occurrence of an entity is called an entity instance.
t
63) When choosing an identifier, choose one that will not change its value often.
t
65) Data, rather than processes, are the most complex aspects of many modern information systems.
t
66) Data modeling is about documenting rules and policies of an organization that govern data.
t
A person is an example of an entity.
t
One of the original purposes of the SQL standard was to provide a vehicle for portability of database definition and application modules between conforming DBMSs.
t
Packaged data models are as flexible as possible, because all supertype/subtype relationships allow the total specialization and overlap rules. T/F
t
Some DBMS can handle graphic data types as well as text and numbers.
t
Supertype/subtype relationships should not be used when the instances of a subtype participate in no relationships which are unique to that subtype. (T/F)
t
The ALTER TABLE command is used to change a table definition.
t
The FROM clause is the first statement processed in an SQL command.
t
The asterisk (*) wildcard designator can be used to select all fields from a table as well as in WHERE clauses when an exact match is not possible.
t
The following query totals sales for each salesperson. Select salesperson_id, sum(sales) from salesperson group by salesperson_id;
t
The most common way to support a group of individuals who work together on a project or group of similar projects is with a multi-tier client/server database.
t
The systems development life cycle is the traditional methodology used to develop, maintain, and replace information systems.
t
To get all the customers from Hawaii sorted together, which of the following would be used? A) ORDER BY B) GROUP BY C) HAVING D) SORT
A
What does the following SQL command do? insert into Customer_T values (001,'John Smith','231 West St','Boston','MA','02115'); A) Adds a new record to the Customer_T B) Creates the Customer_T table C) Deletes the Customer_T table D) Updates the Customer_T table
A
What does the following SQL statement do? Delete from Customer_T where state = 'HI'; A) Deletes all records from customer_t where the state is equal to HI B) Removes the Customer_T table from the database C) Deletes all records from the Customer_T table D) None of the above
A
________ is a set of commands used to update and query a database. A) DML B) DDL C) DCL D) DPL
A
The first in a series of steps to follow when creating a table is to: A) identify columns that must be unique. B) identify each attribute and its characteristics. C) create an index. D) identify columns that must be null
B
What does the following SQL statement do? Alter Table Customer_T Add (Type Varchar (2)); A) Alters the Customer_T table to accept Type 2 Varchars B) Alters the Customer_T table to be a Type 2 Varchar C) Alters the Customer_T table, and adds a field called "Type" D) Alters the Customer_T table by adding a 2-byte field called "Varchar"
C
94) A customer can order many items, and an item can be ordered by many customers is an example of a recursive relationship.
F
A referential integrity constraint specifies that the existence of an attribute in one table depends upon the existence of a foreign key in the same or another table. T/F
F
All projects move from the planning-enterprise modeling step to the planning-conceptual data modeling step of the systems development life cycle T/F
F
Business rules are formulated from a collection of business ramblings.
F
Data models of an existing database are harder for data modelers to read. (T/F)
F
You will never need to map data in current databases to data in a packaged data model. T/F
F
) The following two SQL statements will produce the same results. Select last_name, first_name from customer where credit_limit > 99 and credit_limit < 10001; Select last_name, first_name from customer where credit_limit between 100 and 10000;
T
48) One of the roles of a database analyst is to identify and understand rules that govern data. T/F
T
50) Enforcement of business rules can be automated through the use of software tools that can interpret the rules and enforce them. T/F
T
An entity instance of a subtype represents the same entity instance of the supertype. (T/F)
T
Because a purchased data model is extensive, you begin by identifying the parts of the data model that apply to your data modeling situation. (T/F)
T
Cost and complexity are just two of the disadvantages of database processing. T/F
T
Data management technologies are also increasing often used as information systems, as a foundation for analytics or the systematic analysis of data to understand a real-world problem better. T/F
T
Specialization is the reverse of generalization. (T/F)
T
Unplanned duplicate data files are the rule rather than the exception in file processing systems. T/F
T
When a GROUP BY clause is included in an SQL statement, only those columns with a single value for each group can be included.
T
Metadata are data that describe the properties of other data.
True
Languages, menus, and other facilities by which users interact with the database are collectively called an: A) client. B) user interface C) icon D) development environment
b
Which of the following is NOT a cost and/or risk of the database approach? A) Specialized personnel B) Cost of conversion C) Improved responsiveness D) Organizational conflict
c
Which of the following is NOT an objective that drove the development and evolution of database technology? A) The need to provide greater independence between programs and data. B) The desire to manage increasing complex data types and structures. C) The desire to require programmers to write all file handling functionality. D) The need to provide ever more powerful platforms for decision support applications.
c
The DROP command deletes rows from a table individually or in groups.
f
47) A business rule is a statement that defines or constrains some aspect of the business.
t
54) A business rule should be internally consistent.
t
Database architects establish standards for data in business units
t
Information is processed data.
t
19) A person's name, birthday, and social security number are all examples of: A) attributes. B) entities. C) relationships. D) descriptors.
a
38) A mutually exclusive relationship is one in which: A) an entity instance can participate in many different relationships. B) an entity instance can participate in only one of several alternative relationships. C) an entity instance cannot participate in a relationship with another entity instance. D) an entity instance bridges other XML documents.
b
Database development projects are never done in a bottom-up fashion. T/F
F
A subtype can become a supertype if the subtype has other subtypes beneath it. (T/F)
T
Although personal databases improve productivity, one risk is that data cannot be shared with other users. T/F
T
Refers to an attribute of a supertype whose values determine the target subtype(s) Subtype Discriminator Supertype Discriminator
a
The process of defining one or more subtypes of a supertype and forming relationships is called: selecting classes. specialization. creating discord. generalization.
b
Which organizational function should set database standards? A) Management B) Application development C) Technical services D) Database Administration
d
71) The relationship between a weak entity type and its owner is an identifying relationship.
t
What does the following SQL statement do? Select * From Customer Where Cust_Type = "Best" A) Selects all the fields from the Customer table for each row with a customer labeled "Best" B) Selects the "*" field from the Customer table for each row with a customer labeled "Best" C) Selects fields with a "*" in them from the Customer table D) Selects all the fields from the Customer table for each row with a customer labeled "*"
A
What results will be produced by the following SQL query? Select sum(standard_price) as Total_Price from Product_V where Product_Type = 'WOOD'; A) The total price of all products that are of type wood B) The total price of all products C) The Standard_Price of the first wood product in the table D) The Standard_Price of any wood product in the table
A
What will be returned when the following SQL query is executed? Select driver_no, count(*) as num_deliveries from deliveries group by driver_no having count(*) > 2; A) A listing of all drivers who made more than 2 deliveries as well as a count of the number of deliveries B) A listing of all drivers C) A listing of the number of deliveries greater than 2 D) A listing of all drivers who made more than 2 deliveries
A
Which of the following counts ONLY rows that contain a value? A) Count B) Count(*) C) Tally(*) D) Checknum
A
A ________ view is materialized when referenced. A) virtual B) dynamic C) materialized D) base
B
A single value returned from an SQL query that includes an aggregate function is called a(n): A) agate. B) scalar aggregate. C) vector aggregate. D) summation.
B
Any create command may be reversed by using a ________ command. A) truncate B) drop C) delete D) unpack
B
DDL is typically used during which phases of the development process? A) Implementation B) Physical design C) Analysis D) All of the above
B
Given a table named store with 5 fields: store_id, address, city, state, zipcode, why would the following insert command not work? insert into store values ('234 Park Street') A) It would work just fine. B) You must specify the fields to insert if you are only inserting some of the fields. C) There is no table keyword. D) None of the above.
B
The SQL command ________ adds one or more new columns to a table. A) create table B) alter table C) create view D) create relationship
B
The ________ is the structure that contains descriptions of objects such as tables and views created by users. A) SQL B) schema C) catalog D) master view
B
What result set is returned from the following query? Select Customer_Name, telephone from customers where city in ('Boston','New York','Denver'); A) The Customer_Name and telephone of all customers B) The Customer_Name and telephone of all customers living in either Boston, New York or Denver C) The Customer_Name and telephone of all customers living in Boston and New York and Denver D) The Customer_Name of all customers living in Boston, New York or Denver
B
What result will the following SQL statement produce? Select Avg(standard_price) as average from Product_V; A) The average of all products in Product_V B) The average Standard_Price of all products in Product_V C) The average price of all products D) None of the above
B
What will be returned when the following SQL statement is executed? Select driver_no, count(*) as num_deliveries from deliveries where state = 'MA' group by driver_no; A) A listing of all drivers who made deliveries to state = 'MA', sorted by driver number B) A listing of each driver who made deliveries to state = 'MA' as well as the number of deliveries that each driver has made to that state C) A count of all of the deliveries made to state = 'MA' by all drivers D) None of the above
B
What will be returned when the following SQL statement is executed? Select driver_no,count(*) as num_deliveries from deliveries group by driver_no; A) A listing of all drivers, sorted by driver number B) A listing of each driver as well as the number of deliveries that he or she has made C) A count of all of the deliveries made by all drivers D) None of the above
B
Which of the following is a technique for optimizing the internal performance of the relational data model? A) Avoiding indexes on secondary keys B) Clustering data C) Not reporting statistics to save machine resources D) Using random index organizations
B
Which of the following is the wildcard operator in SQL statements? A) < > B) * C) = D) &
B
Which of the following questions is answered by the SQL statement? Select Count (Product_Description) from Product_T; A) How many products are in the table Product_T? B) How many products have product descriptions in the Product Table? C) How many characters are in the field name "Product_Description"? D) How many different columns named "Product_Description" are there in table Product_T?
B
Which of the following will produce the minimum of all standard prices? A) Select standard_price from Product_V where Standard_Price = min; B) Select min(standard_price) from Product_V; C) Select Standard_Price from min(Product_V); D) Select min(Standard_Price) from Product_V where Standard_Price = min(Standard_Price);
B
Indexes are created in most RDBMSs to: A) provide a quicker way to store data. B) decrease the amount of disk space utilized. C) provide rapid random and sequential access to base-table data. D) increase the cost of implementation
C
The SDLC phase in which the detailed conceptual data model is created is the ________ phase. A) planning B) design C) analysis D) implementation
C
The SQL command ________ defines a logical table from one or more tables or views. A) create table B) alter table C) create view D) create relationship
C
The command for creating a database is: A) create table. B) create view. C) create schema. D) create authorization.
C
What will result from the following SQL Select statement? Select min(Product_Description) from Product_V; A) The minimum value of Product_Description will be displayed. B) An error message will be generated. C) The first product description alphabetically in Product_V will be shown. D) None of the above
C
Which of the following is true of the order in which SQL statements are evaluated? A) The SELECT clause is always processed first. B) The SELECT clause is always processed last. C) The SELECT clause is processed before the ORDER BY clause. D) The GROUP BY clause is processed before the WHERE clause
C
________ is a set of commands used to control a database, which includes security. A) DML B) DDL C) DCL D) DPL
C
A view may not be updated directly if it contains: A) the DISTINCT keyword. B) derived columns and expressions in the SELECT clause. C) uses the GROUP BY or HAVING clause. D) all of the above.
D
The benefits of a standardized relational language include: A) application longevity. B) reduced training costs. C) cross-system communication. D) all of the above.
D
What result set will the following query return? Select Item_No from Order_V where quantity > 10; A) The Item_No of all orders that had more than 10 items B) The Order_Id of all orders that had more than one item C) The Order_Id of all orders that had more than 10 items D) The Item_No of all orders that had 10 or more items
D
Which of the following is a purpose of the SQL standard? A) To specify syntax and semantics of SQL data definition and manipulation B) To specify minimal and complete standards, which permit different degrees of adoption in products C) To define the data structures and basic operations for SQL databases D) All of the above
D
Data redundancy is used to establish relationships between data but is never used to improve database performance. T/F
F
Databases were developed as the first application of computers to data processing. T/F
F
Generalization is a top-down process. (T/F)
F
In multi-tier database architectures, little functionality needs to be programmed into the client application. T/F
F
The conceptual schema is always technology specific. T/F
F
The disjoint rule specifies that if an entity instance of the supertype is a member of one subtype, it MUST simultaneously be a member of another subtype. T/F
F
The internal schema consists of the physical schema and the enterprise data model. T/F
F
The relational data model is no longer popular in the 21st century. t/f
F
When subtypes are overlapping, an additional field must be added to the supertype to act as a discriminator. T/F
F
56) Data names should always relate to business characteristics. T/F
T
93) For the relationship represented in the figure below, a department can have more than one employee.
T
95) A time stamp is a time value that is associated with a data value. T/F
T
A completeness constraint may specify that each entity of the supertype must be a member of some subtype in the relationship. T/F
T
A data model is a graphical system used to capture the nature and relationships among data. T/F
T
A modern database management system automates more of the backup and recovery tasks than a file system. T/F
T
A physical schema contains the specifications for how data from a conceptual schema are stored in a computer's secondary memory. T/F
T
A relational database establishes the relationships between entities by means of a common field. T/F
T
A universal data model is a generic or template data model that can be reused as a starting point for a data modeling project. (T/F)
T
An enterprise resource planning system integrates all functions of the enterprise. T/F
T
An entity cluster should focus on some area of interest to some community of users, developers, or managers. (T/F)
T
One reason for improved application development productivity with the database approach is that file design and low-level implementation details do not need to be handled by the application programmer. T/F
T
Packaged data models can be developed using proven components. (T/F)
T
Redundancy increases the risk of inconsistent data. T/F
T
SQL is both an American and international standard for database access.
T
The content of dynamic views is generated when they are referenced
T
The data repository assists database administrators in enforcing standards. T/F
T
The following diagram is an example of a supertype/subtype hierarchy. T/F
T
The most important challenge of customizing a purchased data model is determining the business rules that will be established through the data model. (T/F)
T
The overlap rule specifies that if an entity instance of the supertype is a member of one subtype, it can simultaneously be a member of two (or more) subtypes. T/F
T
There are three separate discriminators in the following diagram because of the overlap rule. T/F
T
When creating tables, it's important to decide which columns will allow null values before the table is created.
T
27) A simultaneous relationship among the instances of three entity types is called a ________ relationship. A) ternary B) tertiary C) primary D) binary
a
28) The following figure shows an example of: A) a composite attribute. B) a relational attribute. C) a derived attribute. D) a multivalued attribute.
a
32) The total quiz points for a student for an entire semester is a(n) ________ attribute. A) derived B) mixed C) stored D) addressed
a
35) An entity that associates the instances of one or more entity types and contains attributes specific to the relationships is called a(n): A) associative entity. B) build entity. C) gateway entity. D) smush entity
a
39) In the figure shown below, which of the following is true? A) A person can marry at most one person. B) A person has to be married. C) A person can marry more than one person, but that person can only be married to one person. D) A person can marry more than one person.
a
4) Data modeling may be the most important part of the systems development process because: A) data characteristics are important in the design of programs and other systems components. B) the data in a system are generally less complex than processes and play a central role in development. C) data are less stable than processes. D) it is the easiest.
a
41) In the following diagram, which of the answers below is true? A) Each patient has one or more patient histories. B) Each patient has one and only one visit. C) Each patient history belongs to zero and one patient. D) Each patient history belongs to many patients.
a
42) In the figure shown below, which of the following business rules would apply? A) Each vendor can supply many parts to any number of warehouses, but need not supply any parts. B) Each part must be supplied by exactly one vendor to any number of warehouses. C) Each warehouse can be supplied with any number of parts from more than one vendor, and each warehouse could be supplied with no parts. D) VENDOR is not allowed.
a
43) In the following diagram, which answer is true? A) Each employee can supervise one employee, no employees or many employees. B) Each employee can manage many departments. C) Each employee works in more than one department. D) Each employee was fired.
a
5) The most common types of entities are: A) strong entities. B) weak entities. C) associative entities. D) smush entities.
a
Program-data dependence is caused by: A) file descriptions being stored in each database application. B) data descriptions being stored on a server. C) data descriptions being written into programming code. D) data cohabiting with programs.
a
Specifies whether each supertype occurrence must also be a member of at least one subtype Completeness Constraints
a
Specifying how data from a logical schema are stored in secondary memory is part of the: A) design B) maintenance C) analysis D) implementation
a
Supertype partially represents whole data structure. There is an entity outside of the supertype/subtype group. Represented by single line Partial Specialization Rule
a
The process of defining a more general entity type from a set of more specialized entity types is called: generalization. normalization. specialization. extrapolation.
a
The subtype discriminator in the figure below is: A. Part_Type B. Part_No. C. Manufactured Part D. Location
a
The three-schema approach includes which of the following schemas? A) Internal B) Logical C) Cross-functional D) Dissecting
a
When identifying the parts of the packaged data model that apply to your organization, one should first start with: A) entities. B) attributes. C) primary keys. D) relationships
a
Whether an instance of a supertype may simultaneously be a member of two (or more) subtypes A) disjointedness constraint B) disjoint rule C) partial specialization D) total specialization
a
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of database systems? A) Redundant data B) Program-data independence C) Better data quality D) Reduced program maintenance
a
13) An entity type whose existence depends on another entity type is called a ________ entity. A) strong B) weak C) codependent D) variant
b
14) The following figure shows an example of: A) a one-to-many relationship. B) a strong entity and its associated weak entity. C) a co-dependent relationship. D) a double-walled relationship.
b
15) A(n) ________ is the relationship between a weak entity type and its owner. A) member chain B) identifying relationship C) jump path D) chain link
b
18) An attribute that must have a value for every entity (or relationship) instance is a(n): A) composite attribute. B) required attribute. C) optional attribute. D) multivalued attribute.
b
22) The number of entity types that participate in a Unary relationship is: A) zero. B) one. C) two. D) three.
b
44) A student can attend five classes, each with a different professor. Each professor has 30 students. The relationship of students to professors is a ________ relationship. A) one-to-one B) many-to-many C) one-to-many D) strong
b
45) A value that indicates the date or time of a data value is called a: A) value stamp. B) time stamp. C) checkpoint. D) check counter
b
A data warehouse derives its data from: A) on-line transactions B) various operational data sources C) reports D) a data mart
b
A departmental multi-tiered client/server database is stored on a central device called a: A) client. B) server. C) remote PC. D) network.
b
A knowledge base of information or facts about an enterprise is called a(n): A) enterprise information system. B) repository. C) systems information unit. D) database process.
b
A rule that CANNOT be violated by database users is called a: A) password. B) constraint. C) program. D) view.
b
All of the following are properties of metadata EXCEPT: • data definitions. • processing logic. • rules or constraints. • data structures.
b
All of the following are steps to using a packaged data model EXCEPT: rename the identified data elements. utilize all business rules that come with the packaged data model. identify the parts of the data model that apply to your data modeling situation. map data to be used in packages with existing data in the current databases.
b
An attribute of an entity that is computed is a(n): optional attribute. derived attribute. composite attribute. fuzzy attribute.
b
Determining the structure of data and the relationships between data elements either right before or at the time of use of the data is called: A) tables on write. B) schema on write. C) on demand paging. D) caching.
b
Languages, menus, and other facilities by which users interact with the database are collectively called a(n client user Interface icon Development environment
b
The period that can be considered a "proof of concept" time was the: A) 1950s B) 1960s C) 1970s. D) 1990s.
b
The third step in the data modeling process with a packaged data model is: interview users. map data to be used from package to data in current databases. rename identified data elements. rename relationships.
b
The traditional methodology used to develop, maintain, and replace information systems is called the: A) Enterprise Resource Model. B) Systems Development Life Cycle. C) Unified Model. D) Systems Deployment Life Cycle.
b
To eliminate duplicate rows in a query, the ________ qualifier is used in the SQL Select command. A) alter B) distinct C) check D) specific
b
Using a packaged data model, projects take less time and cost because: less personnel are required. essential components and structures are already defined. there is more time taken to model the enterprise. packaged data models only run in Oracle.
b
Which of the following is a completeness constraint? Total recall Total specialization Partial hybridization Partial generalization
b
Which of the following is a generic entity type that has a relationship with one or more subtypes? A) Megatype B) Supertype C) Subgroup D) Class
b
________ are established between entities in a well-structured database so that the desired information can be retrieved. A) Entities B) Relationships C) Lines D) Ties
b
________ is a tool even non-programmers can use to access information from a database. A) ODBC B) Structured query language C) ASP D) Data manipulation query language
b
33) Which of the following criteria should be considered when selecting an identifier? A) Choose an identifier that is not stable. B) Choose a null identifier. C) Choose an identifier that doesn't have large composite attributes. D) Choose the most complex identifier possible.
c
40) For the relationship represented in the figure below, which of the following is true? A) An employee can work in more than one department but does not have to work for any department. B) A department must have at least one employee. C) A department can have more than one employee. D) An employee has to work for more than one department.
c
A centralized knowledge base of all data definitions, data relationships, screen and report formats, and other system components is called a(n): A) index. B) data warehouse. C) repository. D) database management system.
c
A generic or template data model that can be reused as a starting point for a data modeling project is called a(n): packaged data model. collection data model. universal data model. enterprise data model.
c
A user view is: A) what a user sees when he or she looks out the window. B) a table or set of tables. C) a logical description of some portion of the database. D) a procedure stored on the server.
c
A(n) ________ constraint is a type of constraint that addresses whether an instance of a supertype must also be an instance of at least one subtype. A) disjoint B) overlap C) completeness D) weak
c
Given the following entities, which of the choices below would be the most complicated? Automobile: VIN, EngineSize, NumberOfDoors, NumberOfPassengers, FuelType, Transmission SUV: VIN, EngineSize, NumberOfPassengers, NoWheelDrive, FuelType, Transmission Truck: VIN, EngineSize, NoWheelDrive, FuelType, Transmission, Payload Keep only the Truck entity type. Define a separate entity type for each entity. Define one vehicle entity type to hold all entities. Define a supertype called vehicle and make each of the entities subtypes.
c
In a supertype/subtype hierarchy, each subtype has: many supertypes. at least one subtype. only one supertype. at most two supertypes.
c
In packaged data models, all subtype/supertype relationships follow the ________ and ________ rules. partial specialization; overlap partial specialization; disjoint total specialization; overlap total specialization; disjoint
c
Legacy systems often contain data of ________ quality and are generally hosted on ________. A) poor; personal computers B) excellent; mainframes C) poor; mainframes D) excellent; workgroup computers
c
One application of data warehouses is: • shipping of information. • order processing. • decision support. • file updating.
c
Relational databases establish the relationships between entities by means of common fields included in a file called a(n): A) entity. B) relationship. C) relation. D) association.
c
Relational databases establish the relationships between entities by means of common fields included in a file called a(n) entity relationship relation association
c
The SDLC phase in which every data attribute is defined, every category of data is listed, and every business relationship between data entities is defined is called the ______ phase. A) planning B) design C) analysis D) implementation
c
The ________ rule specifies that an entity instance of a supertype is allowed not to belong to any subtype. total specialization disjointness partial specialization semi-specialization
c
The following figure shows a: spindle constraint. disjoint constraint. supertype/subtype hierarchy. completeness constraint.
c
The property by which subtype entities possess the values of all attributes of a supertype is called: A) hierarchy reception. B) class management. C) attribute inheritance. D) generalization.
c
Which of the following is software used to create, maintain, and provide controlled access to databases? A) Network operating system B) User view C) Database management system (DBMS) D) Attribute
c
Which of the following statements is true about the figure shown below? A rental unit can be an apartment, house or just a rental unit; it may not be more than one at the same time. A rental unit must be either an apartment or a house, and cannot be both at the same time. A rental unit can be an apartment, a house or just a rental unit. It could be both an apartment and a house at the same time. A rental unit must be either an apartment or a house, and could be both.
c
____________ specify computer systems requirements A) programmers B) users C) system analysts D) database analysts
c
37) A relationship where the minimum and maximum cardinality are both one is a(n) ________ relationship. A) optional B) unidirectional C) mandatory link D) mandatory one
d
8) A ________ defines or constrains some aspect of the business. A) business constraint B) business structure C) business control D) business rule
d
A good method for identifying inconsistencies and finding hidden meaning in the customized purchased data model is: data volume usage analysis. user interviews. data analysis. data profiling.
d
A graphical system used to capture the nature and relationships among data is called a(n): A) XML data model. B) hypertext graphic. C) relational database. D) data model.
d
A person, place, object, event, or concept about which the organization wishes to maintain data is called a(n): A) relationship. B) object. C) attribute. D) entity.
d
According to a McKinsey Global Institute Report, in 2010 alone, global enterprises stored more than: A) 1 terabyte of data. B) 3 gigabytes of data. C) at least 100 petabytes of data. D) more than 7 billion exabytes of data.
d
All of the following are primary purposes of a database management system (DBMS) EXCEPT: A) creating data. B) updating data. C) storing data. D) providing an integrated development environment.
d
An entity cluster can be formed by: combining metadata. deleting metadata. deleting a supertype and its subtype. combining a strong entity and its weak entities.
d
An entity cluster is: a way of developing more granular views of the data model. a formal method for specifying attributes of related entities. a useful way to present data for a small and fairly simple organization. a set of one or more entity types and associated relationships grouped into a single abstract entity type.
d
CASE is a class of tools that: • assists the database administrator in maintaining a database. • provides guidelines for the physical design of a database. • provides management reporting tools. • automates the design of databases and application programs.
d
Data that describe the properties of other data are: relationships logical physical metadata
d
Data that describe the properties of other data are: A) relationships. B) logical. C) physical. D) metadata.
d
Database development begins with ________, which establishes the range and general contents of organizational databases. A) database design B) cross-functional analysis C) departmental data modeling D) enterprise data modeling
d
Databases may be more expensive to maintain than files because of: • the need for specialized personnel. • the complexity of the database environment. • backup and recovery needs. • All of these.
d
In the figure below, which of the following apply to both OUTPATIENTs and RESIDENT_PATIENTs? Checkback_Date Date_Discharged XML Patient_Name
d
Metatdata typically describes all of the following EXCEPT: A) data definitions. B) length. C) allowable values. D) location on disk.
d
Organizations that utilize the file processing approach spend as much as ________ of their IS development budget on maintenance. A) 40 percent B) 25 percent C) 60 percent D) 80 percent
d
Subtypes should be used when: a recursive relationship is needed. supertypes relate to objects outside the business. the instances of a subtype do not participate in a relationship that is unique to that subtype. there are attributes that apply to some but not all instances of an entity type.
d
The most common source of database failures in organizations is: A) lack of planning. B) inadequate budget. C) inadequate hardware. D) failure to implement a strong database administration function.
d
The need for consensus on data definitions is an example of which type of risk in the database environment? A) Specialized personnel needs B) Organizational conflict C) Conversion costs D) Legacy systems
d
Which of the following is true of packaged data models? All weak entities are considered strong. All subtype/supertype relationships follow the total specialization and disjoint rules. No entities on the many sides of a relationship can be weak. Relationships are connected to the highest-level entity type in an order that makes sense
d
Which statement is true about the following diagram? A) A person can only be a faculty, student or staff. B) A student can be both an undergraduate and a graduate student at the same time. C) All attributes of person and student are inherited by undergraduate. D) All attributes of graduate are inherited by person.
d
With the database approach, data descriptions are stored in a central location known as a: A) server. B) mainframe. C) PC. D) repository.
d
________ do NOT concentrate on determining the requirements for the database component of an information system. A) Database analysts B) Systems analysts C) Programmers D) End Users
d
81) A ternary relationship is equivalent to three binary relationships.
f
82) The degree of a relationship is the number of attributes that are associated with it.
f
87) A relationship instance is an association between entity instances where each relationship instance includes exactly one entity from each participating entity type.
f
89) In the figure below, the name of the relationship follows the guidelines for naming a relationship.
f
A single value returned from an SQL query that includes an aggregate function is called a vector aggregate.
f
A well-structured database establishes the entities between relationships in order to derive the desired information.
f
The DELETE TABLE DDL command is used to remove a table from the database.
f
The following two SQL statements will produce different results. Select last_name, first_name from customer where state = 'MA' or state = 'NY' or state = 'NJ' or state = 'NH' or state = 'CT'; Select last_name, first_name from customer where state in ('MA','NY','NJ','NH','CT');
f
The physical structure and storage organization of the database is decided upon during the implementation phase of the systems development life cycle
f
When the SELECT clause in the create view statement contains the keyword DISTINCT, the view can be used to update data.
f
53) While business rules are not redundant, a business rule can refer to another business rule.
t
58) A fact is an association between two or more terms.
t
59) A good data definition is always accompanied by diagrams, such as the entity-relationship diagram.
t
60) An entity is a person, place, object, event, or concept in the user environment about which the organization wishes to maintain data.
t
69) In an E-R diagram, an associative entity is represented by a rounded rectangle.
t
77) An attribute whose values can be calculated from related attribute values is called a derived attribute.
t
78) A multivalued attribute may take on more than one value for a particular entity instance.
t
79) Relationships represent action being taken using a verb phrase.
t
80) Participation in a relationship may be optional or mandatory.
t
83) The relationship between the instances of two entity types is called a binary relationship.
t
85) It is desirable that no two attributes across all entity types have the same name. T/F
t
88) One reason to use an associative entity is if the associative entity has one or more attributes in addition to the identifier.
t
A data warehouse contains summarized and historical information.
t
A database table is defined using the data definition language (DDL).
t
A major benefit of SQL as a standard is reduced training costs
t
Adding the DISTINCT keyword to a query eliminates duplicates.
t
An entity cluster can have a relationship with another entity cluster much the same way that an entity can have a relationship with another entity. (T/F)
t
An extranet uses Internet protocols to establish limited access to company data by the company's customers and suppliers. T/F
t
An insert command does not need to have the fields listed. T/F
t
Applications can be moved from one machine to another when each machine uses SQL
t
Expressions are mathematical manipulations of data in a table that may be included as part of the SELECT statement.
t
File processing systems have been replaced by database systems in most critical business applications today.
t
If multiple Boolean operators are used in an SQL statement, NOT is evaluated first, then AND, then OR.
t
In a supertype/subtype hierarchy, attributes are assigned at the highest logical level that is possible in the hierarchy. (T/F)
t
In order to update data in SQL, one must inform the DBMS which relation, columns, and rows are involved.
t
It is easier to share information across organizations if companies in the same industry use the same universal data model as the basis for their organizational databases. (T/F)
t
It is easy to miss the opportunity to visualize future requirements shown in the full data model when using a packaged data model. (T/F)
t
One of the major challenges in data modeling is to recognize and clearly represent entities that are almost the same. (T/F)
t
The ORDER BY clause sorts the final results rows in ascending or descending order.
t
The SQL command used to populate tables is the INSERT command.
t
The WHERE clause includes the conditions for row selection within a single table or view and the conditions between tables or views for joining.
t
The WHERE clause is always processed before the GROUP BY clause when both occur in a SELECT statement.
t
The user interface includes languages, menus, and other facilities by which users interact with various system components.
t