cardiac ati questions practice

A nurse is monitoring the cardiac output of a client who has left-sided heart failure using pulse pressure analysis. Which of the following findings can compromise the readings?

The client is experiencing premature atrial contractions.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a T-4 spinal cord injury. Which of the following client findings should the nurse identify as an indication the client is at risk for experiencing autonomic dysreflexia?

The client's bladder becomes distended.

A nurse is auscultating a client's heart sounds and hears an extra heart sound before what should be considered the first heart sound S1. The nurse should document this finding as which of the following heart sounds?

The fourth heart sound (S4)

A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client who reports substernal chest pain and dyspnea. The client is vomiting and is diaphoretic. Which of the following laboratory tests are used to diagnose a myocardial infarction? (Select all that apply.) Troponin I Troponin T Plasma low-density lipoproteins (LDL) CPK Myoglobin

Troponin I Troponin T CPK Myoglobin

A nurse on a medical-surgical unit is caring for a client who reports pain in the jaw, back, and shoulder, and shortness of breath and nausea. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

obtain an ekg

A nurse is caring for a client who has hypovolemic shock. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as an expected finding? Hypertension Flushing of the skin Oliguria Bradypnea

oliguria present as a result of decreased blood flow to kidneys

A nurse is selecting a qualified staff member to double check a blood label with a client ID bracelet prior to infusing a unit of blood. The nurse should identify that which of the following persons is qualified?

oncology nurse

A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about evaluating a cardiac rhythm. Which of the following options should the nurse identify as the P wave in the ECG complex? (You will find hot spots to select in the artwork below. Select only the hot spot that corresponds to your answer.)

p wave marked before qrs The nurse should identify the P wave as the initial wave of the sinus rhythm. The P wave is an electrical representation of atrial depolarization.

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse expect?

Frothy sputum

A nurse is caring for a client who is at risk for shock. Which of the following findings is the earliest indicator that this complication is developing?

Increased respiratory rate

nurse is teaching a client who has septic shock about the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

"DIC is caused by abnormal coagulation involving fibrinogen."

A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for an exercise stress test. Which of the following comments made by the client should indicate to the nurse that the client requires further teaching?

"I'll take my heart medications the morning of my test."

A nurse in a clinic is caring for a client who has a prescription for digoxin. Which of the following statements indicates the client is experiencing digoxin toxicity?

"My vision seems yellow."

A nurse is providing instructions to a client who has a new prescription for sublingual nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) to treat angina pectoris. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? "Place the tablet under your tongue, and then take a small sip of water." "The medication can take up to 15 minutes to take effect." "Avoid taking the medication prior to exercising." "Stop taking the medication and notify your provider if you develop a headache."

"Place the tablet under your tongue, and then take a small sip of water."

A nurse is assessing a client who has right ventricular failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Dry, hacking cough Hepatomegaly Dizziness Crackles in the lungs

Hepatomegaly

A nurse is preparing to administer atenolol 25 mg PO every 12 hr. The amount available is atenolol 50 mg/tab. How many tablets should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

0.5 tablets

A nurse is reviewing the EKG strip of a client who has prolonged vomiting. Which of the following abnormalities on the client's EKG should the nurse interpret as a sign of hypokalemia?

Abnormally prominent U wave

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? Apply a heating pad on a low setting to help relieve leg pain. Adjust the thermostat so that the environment is warm. Wear antiembolic stockings during the day. Rest with the legs above heart level.

Adjust the thermostat so that the environment is warm

A nurse is interpreting the ECG strip of a client who has bradycardia. Which of the following cardiac components should the nurse identify as the role of the P wave?

Atrial depolarization

A nurse in an urgent care center is assessing a client who reports a sudden onset of irregular palpitations, fatigue, and dizziness. The nurse finds a rapid and irregular heart rate with a significant pulse deficit. Which of the following dysrhythmias should the nurse expect to find on the ECG?

Atrial fibrillation

A nurse is caring for a client who has an elevated potassium level and is on a cardiac monitor. The nurse is aware that hyperkalemia may be associated with changes to the T-wave. On the graphic, point and click on the area of the electrocardiogram (ECG) that represents the T-wave.(Selectable areas, or "Hot Spots," can be found by moving your cursor over the artwork until the cursor changes appearance, usually into a hand. Click only on the Hot Spot that corresponds to your answer.)

BOX ON THE FAR RIGHT is correct. This is the T-wave. The ECG waveform of a client who has hyperkalemia will have a tall, peaked T wave. It is usually seen when the potassium level is 6 mEq/L or higher.

A nurse is caring for a client who is in the compensatory stage of shock. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Blood pressure 115/68 mmHg

A nurse enters a client's room and finds him unresponsive. After notifying the rapid response team, which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Check for a carotid pulse.

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new arteriovenous fistula in the right forearm. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include in the teaching as a possible indication of venous insufficiency?

Cold and numb numbness distal to the fistula site

A nurse is teaching a client who is postoperative following the insertion of a permanent pacemaker. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) Count your pulse for 1 min each morning. Resume activities that can cause jolting, such as horseback riding, after 4 weeks. Do not wear tight clothing over the insertion area. Request to be scanned with a handheld metal detector when in the airport. Do not have a microwave oven in the home.

Count your pulse for 1 min each morning. Do not wear tight clothing over the insertion area.

A nurse is assessing a client who has had staples removed from an abdominal wound postoperatively. The nurse notes separation of the wound edges with copious light-brown serous drainage. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform first?

Cover the wound with a moist, sterile gauze dressing.

A nurse is preparing to administer dabigatran to a client who has atrial fibrillation. The nurse should explain that the purpose of this medication is which of the following?

to reduce the risk of stroke in clients who have atrial fibrillation

A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who is experiencing manifestations of a myocardial infarction (MI). Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse expect the provider to prescribe?

troponin

A nurse is teaching the partner of a client who had an acute myocardial infarction (MI) about the reason blood was drawn from the client. Which of the following statements should the nurse make regarding cardiac enzymes studies? "These tests help determine the degree of damage to the heart tissues." "Cardiac enzymes will identify the location of the MI." "These tests will enable the provider to determine the heart structure and mobility of the heart valves." "Cardiac enzymes assist in diagnosing the presence of pulmonary congestion."

"These tests help determine the degree of damage to the heart tissues."

A nurse is caring for a client who has bleeding esophageal varices and is being treated with a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform?

Maintain constant observation while the balloons are inflated.

A nurse is talking with a client who is about to undergoing radionuclide imaging. The nurse should explain that the procedure will help do which of the following?

Detect damage to the heart muscle.

A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following vascular surgery. Which of the following signs should indicate to the nurse that the client has developed a thrombus?

Dull, aching calf pain

A nurse on a medical-surgical unit is caring for four clients who are 24 to 36 hr postoperative. Which of the following surgical procedures places the client at risk for deep-vein thrombosis?

Hip arthroplasty

A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative and is at risk for developing venous thromboembolism (VTE). The nurse should instruct the client to avoid which of the following unsafe actions?

Massaging her legs

A nurse is caring for a client who has a central venous catheter and suddenly develops chest pain, dyspnea, dizziness, and tachycardia. The nurse suspects air embolism and clamps the catheter immediately. What other action should the nurse take at this time?

Place the client on his left side in Trendelenburg position.

The nurse is evaluating a client who had a cardiac catheterization with a left antecubital insertion site. Which of the following pulses should the nurse palpate?

Radial pulse in the left arm

A nurse in a clinic is caring for a client who has recently begun taking warfarin. The nurse is reviewing potential drug and food interaction risks and should instruct the client to avoid which of the following?

cabbage

A nurse is interpreting a client's ECG strip. Which of the following components of the ECG should the nurse examine to determine the time it takes for ventricular depolarization and repolarization?

qt interval

A nurse is assessing a client who is taking chlorothiazide sodium. The nurse recognizes which of the following as a manifestation of hypokalemia?

shallow respirations

A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for a bone marrow aspiration. The client asks the nurse about the sites the provider might use for the procedure. Which of the following locations should the nurse identify as one of the sites used for this procedure?

sternum

A nurse is performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for an adult client who is unresponsive. The nurse should evaluate the client's circulation by palpating which of the following pulses?

carotid

A nurse is reviewing a client's laboratory results and finds the hemoglobin is 10 g/dL and the hematocrit is 30%. The nurse recognizes that the client is at risk for which of the following?

cellular hypoxia

A nurse is assessing a client who has infective endocarditis. Which of the following findings should be the priority for the nurse to report to the provider?

dyspnea

A nurse is caring for a client who has infective endocarditis. Which of the following manifestations is the priority for the nurse to monitor for?

dyspnea

A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new diagnosis of angina pectoris. Which of the following information should the nurse include about anginal pain?

exertion and anxiety can trigger the pain

home health nurse is making a home visit to a client who takes a daily diuretic for heart failure. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as indicating the client is hypokalemic? Pitting edema Fatigue Dyspnea Oliguria

fatigue

A nurse is assessing a client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

hacking cough

A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client who reports dyspnea and fatigue. Physical assessment reveals tachycardia and weak peripheral pulses. The nurse should recognize these findings as manifestations of which of the following conditions?

heart failure

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving a unit of packed red blood cells. Fifteen minutes following the start of the transfusion, the nurse notes that the client is febrile, with chills and red-tinged urine. Which of the following transfusion reactions should the nurse suspect?

hemolytic

A nurse is evaluating the central venous pressure (CVP) of a client who has sustained multiple traumas. Which of the following interpretations of a low CVP pressure should the nurse make?

hypovolemia

A nurse is caring for a client 1 day postoperative who has developed atelectasis. Which of the following manifestations is an expected finding for this condition?

hypoxemia

While performing an admission assessment for a client, the nurse notes that the client has varicose veins with ulcerations and lower extremity edema with a report of a feeling of heaviness. Which of the following nursing diagnoses should the nurse identify as being the priority in the client's care?

impaired tissue perfusion

A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a client who is having a suspected acute myocardial infarction (MI). Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect to find for a client experiencing an acute MI? (Select all that apply.)

Nausea Tachycardia Diaphoresis

A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client who is bleeding profusely from a deep laceration on his left lower forearm. After observing standard precautions, which of the following actions should the nurse perform first?

Apply direct pressure over the wound.

When checking a client's capillary refill, the nurse finds that the color returns in 10 seconds. The nurse should understand that this finding indicates which of the following?

Arterial insufficiency

A nurse receives a unit of packed RBCs from a blood bank and notes that the time is 1130. The nurse should begin the infusion at which of the following times?

As soon as the nurse can prepare the client and the administration set

A nurse is caring for a client who has a serum potassium level of 5.5 mEq/L. The provider prescribes polystyrene sulfonate. If this medication is effective, the nurse should expect which of the following changes on the client's ECG?

Reduction of T-wave amplitude

A nurse is planning care for a client who has quadriplegia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent a pulmonary embolism (PE)? (Select all that apply.)

Assess legs for redness. Apply elastic compression stockings. Perform passive range of motion exercise

A nurse is caring for a client who has pericarditis and reports feeling a new onset of palpitations and shortness of breath. Which of the following assessments should indicate to the nurse that the client may have developed atrial fibrillation? Different blood pressures in the upper limbs. Different apical and radial pulses. Differences between oral and axillary temperatures. Differences in upper and lower lung sounds.

Different apical and radial pulses

A nurse in a cardiac care unit is caring for a client with acute right-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Elevated central venous pressure (CVP).

A nurse is assessing a client who has disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Excessive thrombosis and bleeding

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who is at risk for disseminated intravascular coagulopathy. Which of the following values should the nurse report to the provider?

Fibrinogen 85 mg/dL

A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who developed deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) postoperatively and is prescribed anticoagulant therapy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Flexing her knees and feet frequently

A nurse is caring for a client 4 hr following a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Have the client lie flat in bed.

A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client who had a seizure and became unresponsive after stating she had a sudden, severe headache and vomiting. The client's vital signs are as follows: blood pressure of 198/110 mm Hg, pulse of 82/min, respirations of 24/min, and a temperature of 38.2° C (100.8° F). Which of the following neurologic disorders should the nurse suspect?

Hemorrhagic stroke

A nurse is giving a presentation to a community group about preventing atherosclerosis. Which of the following should the nurse include as a modifiable risk factor for this disorder? (Select all that apply.)

Hypercholesterolemia is correct. Cholesterol levels outside the healthful range increase clients' risk for heart disease, and they can change these levels.Hypertension is correct. Although it may not always be possible to eliminate hypertension, clients can change their blood pressure levels and thus reduce their risk for atherosclerosis.Obesity is correct. Clients who are overweight or obese can reduce their risk for heart disease by losing weight.Smoking is correct. Clients who smoke can reduce their risk for heart disease by quitting smoking.

A nurse is caring for a client who returns to the nursing unit from the recovery room after a sigmoid colon resection for adenocarcinoma. The client had an episode of intraoperative bleeding. Which finding indicates to the nurse that the client may be developing hypovolemic shock?

Increase in the heart rate from 88 to 110/min.

A nurse in the ICU is caring for a client who has heart failure and is receiving a dobutamine drip. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings indicates that the medication is effective?

Increased urine output

A nurse in the emergency room is caring for a client who presents with manifestations that indicate a myocardial infarction. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse take first?

Initiate oxygen therapy.

A nurse on a telemetry unit is caring for a client who has premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). While sitting in a chair, the client feeling reports feeling lightheaded. If the client is having PVCs, which of the following findings should the nurse expect when auscultating the client's apical pulse?

Irregular pulsations

A nurse is preparing a client for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the heart and great vessels. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include about this test?

It requires removing metal objects like jewelry."

A nurse is planning care for a client who has deep vein thrombosis of the lower leg. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

Keep the client's affected leg elevated while in bed.

A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client who reports occasional atypical chest pain, palpitations, and exercise intolerance. On auscultation, the nurse notes a systolic click. The nurse should recognize this finding as a manifestation of which of the following conditions?

Mitral valve prolapse

A nurse is caring for a client in a critical care unit who suffered a knife wound to the chest. The nurse suspects the client is developing cardiac tamponade. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse identify as supporting this suspicion?

Muffled heart sounds.

A nurse is caring for a client who has hypertension and has a potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse take

Obtain a 12-lead ECG.

A nurse is caring for a client who reports an area of redness, warmth, tenderness and pain in the right calf. The nurse anticipates which of the following orders when notifying the provider of this finding?

Obtain a venous duplex ultrasound

A nurse is giving a presentation about preventing deep-vein thrombosis (DVT). Which of the following should the nurse include as a risk factor for this disorder? (Select all that apply.)

Oral contraceptive immobility

A nurse is caring for a client with a ventricular pacemaker who is on ECG monitoring. The nurse understands that the pacemaker is functioning properly when which of the following appears on the monitor strip?

Pacemaker spikes before each QRS complex

A nurse is caring for a client who reports a new onset of severe chest pain. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to determine if the client is experiencing a myocardial infarction?

Perform a 12-lead ECG

A nurse is reviewing the serum laboratory findings for a client who has hypertension and is prescribed hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?

Potassium 2.3 mEq/L

A nurse is caring for a client who was admitted with bleeding esophageal varices and has an esophagogastric balloon tamponade with a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube to control the bleeding. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Provide frequent oral and nares care.

A nurse in an emergency department is preparing to administer alteplase accelerated therapy to a client who is having a myocardial infarction. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? (Select all that apply.) Administer the medication within 30 min of the client's arrival to the department. Reconstitute the medication with sterile water. Administer a 15 mg IV bolus. Tell the client that the purpose of the medication is to keep a new clot from forming. Assess the client for back pain.

Reconstitute the medication with sterile water Administer the medication in a 15 mg IV bolus is correct. Assess the client for back pain is correct. Administer the medication within 30 min of the client's arrival to the department.

A nurse is caring for a male client who has peripheral vascular disease (PVD), is taking dietary supplements, and has a new prescription for warfarin. The nurse should instruct the client to stop which of the following supplements prior to starting the warfarin? (Select all that apply.)

Saw palmetto Glucosamine Gingko biloba

A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving one unit of packed RBCs to treat intraoperative blood loss. The client reports chills and back pain, and the client's blood pressure is 80/64 mm Hg. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Stop the infusion of blood.

A nurse is monitoring a client who reports having chills and back pain during a blood transfusion. Which of the following actions is nurse's priority?

Stopping the transfusion

A nurse is caring for a client who came to the emergency department reporting chest pain. The provider suspects a myocardial infarction. While waiting for the troponin levels report, the client asks what this blood test will show. Which of the following explanations should the nurse provide the client? Troponin is an enzyme that indicates damage to brain, heart, and skeletal muscle tissues. Troponin is a lipid whose levels reflect the risk for coronary artery disease. Troponin is a heart muscle protein that appears in the bloodstream when there is damage to the heart. Troponin is a protein that helps transport oxygen throughout the body.

Troponin is a heart muscle protein that appears in the bloodstream when there is damage to the heart.

A client who has a history of myocardial infarction (MI) is prescribed aspirin 325 mg. The nurse recognizes that the aspirin is given due to which of the following actions of the medication?

antiplatelet aggregate

A nurse is caring for a client who has a cardiopulmonary arrest. The nurse anticipates the emergency response team will administer which of the following medications if the client's restored rhythm is symptomatic bradycardia?

atropine

A nurse is caring for a client who has valvular heart disease and is at risk for developing left-sided heart failure. Which of the following manifestations should alert the nurse the client is developing this condition?

breathlessness

A nurse in the emergency department is assessing a client who has internal injuries from a car crash. The client is disoriented to time and place, diaphoretic, and his lips are cyanotic. The nurse should anticipate which of the findings as an indication of hypovolemic shock?

increased heart rate

A nurse is assessing a client who has fluid overload. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

increased heart rate increased bp increased respiratory rate

A client tells the nurse that he is concerned because his provider told him he has a heart murmur. The nurse should explain to the client that a murmur is a high-pitched sound due to a narrow valve. is an extra sound due to blood entering an inflexible chamber. means that there is some inflammation around the heart. indicates turbulent blood flow through a valve.

indicates turbulent blood flow through a valve.

A nurse is assessing a client who has atrial fibrillation. Which of the following pulse characteristics should the nurse expect?

irregular

A nurse is assessing a client who had left femoral cardiac angiography. Identify where the nurse will palpate to assess the most distal pulse on the affected side. (Selectable areas, or "Hot Spots," are outlined in the artwork below. Select only the outlined area that corresponds to your answer.)

left pedal pulse.

A nurse is collecting a medication history from a client who is scheduled to have a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following medications taken by the client interacts with contrast material and places the client at risk for acute kidney injury?

metformin

A nurse in an emergency department is planning care for a client who is having an acute myocardial infarction (MI). The nurse should plan to administer which of the following medications after the initial acute phase to manage the client's pain and anxiety? Nitroglycerin Aspirin Oxygen Morphine

morphine

A nurse is assessing a client before administering a unit of packed RBCs. The nurse should identify which of the following data as most important to obtain prior to the infusion?

temperature

A nurse is monitoring a client who is on telemetry. Which of the following findings on the ECG strip should the nurse recognize as normal sinus rhythm?

the P wave falls before the QRS complex.

A nurse is reviewing the PT, aPTT, and INR laboratory values for a client who is experiencing an acute episode of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse expect?

the lab values are prolonged

A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who reports chest pressure and shortness of breath. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse anticipate the provider to prescribe?

troponin I