Care for Patients with Problems of the Central Nervous System: The Brain (39).

The nurse is teaching a family caregiver about how best to communicate with the client who has been diagnosed with Alzheimer disease. Which statement by the caregiver indicates a need for further teaching

I will avoid communicating with the client to prevent agitation."

The nurse observes a client with late-stage Alzheimer disease eat breakfast. Afterward the client states, "I am hungry and want breakfast." What is the nurse's best response?

a. "I see you are still hungry. I will get you some toast."

The nurse assesses clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which clients would the nurse identify as at risk for secondary seizures? (Select all that apply.)

a. A 26-year-old woman with a left temporal brain tumor b. A 38-year-old male client in an alcohol withdrawal program c. A 42-year-old football player with a traumatic brain injury

The nurse is teaching the daughter of a client who has middle-stage Alzheimer disease. The daughter asks, "Will the sertraline my mother is taking improve her dementia?" How would the nurse respond about the purpose of the drug?

c. "It will not improve her dementia but can help control emotional responses."

A nurse delegates care for a client with Parkinson disease to an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP). Which statement would the nurse include when delegating this client's care?

"Allow the client to be as independent as possible with activities."

A nurse teaches assistive personnel (AP) about how to care for a client with Parkinson disease. Which statement would the nurse include as part of this teaching?

"Allow the client to be as independent as possible with activities."

The nurse cares for a client with middle-stage (moderate) Alzheimer disease. The client's caregiver states, "She is always wandering off. What can I do to manage this restless behavior?" What is the nurse's best response?

"Engage the client in scheduled activities throughout the day."

After teaching a client who is diagnosed with new-onset epilepsy and prescribed phenytoin, the nurse assesses the client's understanding. Which statement by the client indicates a correct understanding of the teaching?

"Even when my seizures stop, I will continue to take this drug."

After teaching the wife of a client who has Parkinson disease, the nurse assesses the wife's understanding. Which statement by the client's wife indicates that she correctly understands changes associated with this disease?

"He may have trouble chewing, so I will offer bite-sized portions."

A client diagnosed with Parkinson disease will be starting ropinirole for symptom control. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

"I know the drug will probably make help me prevent constipation."

After teaching a client newly diagnosed with epilepsy, the nurse assesses the client's understanding. Which statement by the client indicates a need for additional teaching?

"If I am nauseated, I will not take my epilepsy medication."

The nurse prepares to discharge a client with early to moderate Alzheimer disease. Which statement to maintain client safety would the nurse include in the discharge teaching for the caregiver?

"Install safety locks on all outside doors."

The nurse teaches assistive personnel (AP) about how to care for a client with early-stage Alzheimer disease. Which statement would the nurse include?

"Reorient the client to the day, time, and environment with each contact."

A nurse cares for a client who has Alzheimer's disease. Which communication techniques would the nurse implement? ( Select all that apply. )

*Pictures with instructions. *Gestures when speaking. * Validate client feelings.

What are the causes of Parkinson's disease?

*Primary cause is unknown could be genetic and environmental. *Secondary caused by antipsychotic drugs, and brain trauma. *In PD, widespread degeneration of the substantia nigra leads to a decrease in the amount of dopamine in the brain. When dopamine levels are decreased to 70% to 80% of usual levels, a person becomes symptomatic and loses the ability to refine voluntary movement. *dopamine loss in the brain, but it also reduces the sympathetic nervous system influence on the heart, blood vessels, and other areas of the body. This loss results in the orthostatic hypotension, drooling, nocturia (voiding at night), and other autonomic symptoms

A nurse assesses a client who is experiencing an absence seizure. For which clinical manifestations should the nurse assess? (Select all that apply.)

A. Lip smacking B. Picking of clothing C. Patting of the hand on the leg.

A nurse assesses a client with Alzheimer's disease who is recently admitted to the hospital. Which psychosocial assessment should the nurse complete?

Evaluate the client's reaction to a change of environment.

The nurse plans care for a client with Parkinson disease. Which intervention would the nurse include in this client's plan of care?

Keep the head of the bed at 30 degrees or greater.

A nurse cares for a client who is experiencing status epilepticus. Which prescribed medication would the nurse anticipate to prepare for administration?

Lorazepam (followed by phenytoin)

The primary health care provider prescribes donepezil for a client diagnosed with early-stage Alzheimer disease. What teaching about this drug will the nurse provide for the client's family caregiver?

Report any client dizziness or falls because the drug can cause bradycardia."

The nurse assesses a client with a history of epilepsy who experiences stiffening of the muscles of the arms and legs, followed by an immediate loss of consciousness and jerking of all extremities. How would the nurse document this type of seizure?

Tonic-clonic

The nurse witnesses a client begin to experience a tonic-clonic seizure and loss of consciousness. What action would the nurse take first?

Turn the client's head to the side.

The nurse is caring for a client who has Alzheimer disease. The client's wife states, "I am having trouble managing his behaviors at home." Which questions would the nurse ask to assess potential causes of the client's behavior problems? (Select all that apply.)

a. "Does your husband bathe and dress himself independently?" c. "Does his behavior become worse around large crowds?" e. "Do you have a clock and calendar in the bedroom and kitchen?"

A nurse teaches the spouse of a client who has Alzheimer disease. Which statements should the nurse include in this teaching related to caregiver stress reduction? (Select all that apply.)

a. "Establish advanced directives early." c. "Set aside time each day to be away from the client." e. "Seek respite care periodically for longer periods of time."

The nurse assesses a client who has Parkinson disease. Which signs and symptoms would the nurse recognize as a key feature of this disease? (Select all that apply.)

a. Flexed trunk c. Slow movements d. Uncontrolled drooling

The nurse plans care for a client with epilepsy who is admitted to the hospital. Which interventions would the nurse include in this client's plan of care? (Select all that apply.)

a. Have suction equipment with an airway at the bedside. d. Have oxygen administration set at the bedside. f. Ensure that the client has IV access.

The nurse is caring for a client in late-stage Alzheimer disease. Which assessment finding(s) will the nurse anticipate? (Select all that apply.)

a. Immobile d. ADL dependent e. Incontinent f. Possible seizures

A client with early-stage Alzheimer disease is admitted to the hospital with chest pain. Which nursing action is most appropriate to manage this client's dementia?

b. Ensure a structured and consistent environment.

A nurse assesses a client who is recovering from the implantation of a vagal nerve-stimulation device. For which signs and symptoms would the nurse assess as common complications of this procedure? (Select all that apply.)

c. Hoarseness d. Dysphagia