Caring Theories

Watson's 10 Carative Factors

1)Forming a human-altruistic value system, 2) instilling faith-hope; 3) cultivating sensitivity to one's self and to others; 4) developing a helping, trusting, human caring relationship; 5) promoting/expressing positive/negative feelings; 6) using creative problem-solving, caring processes; 7) promoting transpersonal teaching-learning; 8) providing for a supportive, protective, and/or corrective mental, physical, societal and spiritual environment; 9) meeting human needs; 10) allowing for existential-phenomenological-spiritual forces

Caring Process - Being With

Being emotionally present to the other; being there; conveying ability; sharing feelings; not burdening

Caring Process - Enabling

Facilitating the others passage through life transitions (ex - birth, death) and unfamiliar events; informing/explaining; supporting/allowing; focusing; generating alternatives; validating/giving feedback

Caring in Nursing Practice

Providing presence; touch; listening; knowing the patient; spiritual caring; relieveing pain and suffering; family care

Caring Process - Knowing

Striving to understand an event as it has meaning in the life of the other; avoiding assumptions; centering on the one cared for; assessing thoroughly; seeking cues; engaging the self or both

Caring Process - Maintaining Belief

Sustaining faith in the other's capacity to get through an event or transition and face a future with meaning; believing in/holding in esteem; maintaining a hope-filled attitude; offering realistic optimism; "going the distance"

Carative Factor 10 - Allowing for existential-phenomenological-spiritual forces

allow spritiual forces to provide a better understanding of yourself and your patient

Carative Factor 6 - Using creative problem-solving, caring process

apply the nursing process in systematic, scientific problem-solving decision making in providing patient-centered care

Carative Factor 9 - Meeting human needs

assist patients with basc needs with an intentional care and caring consciousness

Leiniger's Transcultural Caring

caring is the essence and central, unifying and dominant domain that distinguishes nursing from other health disciplines; Care is essential humnan need, necessary for the health and survival of all individuals; Even though human caring is universal phenomenon, the expression, processes and patterns of carying vary among cultures

Carative Factor 8 - Providing for a supportive, protective, and/or corrective mental, physical, societal and spritiual environment

creating a healing environment at all levels, physical and nonphysical; this romotes wholeness, beauty, comfort, dignity, and peace

Swanson's Theory of Caring

defines caring as a nurturing way of relating to a valued other toward whom one feels a personal sense of commitment and responsibility; supports claim that caring is a cetnral nursing phenomenon but not necessarily unique to nursing practice

Caring Process - Doing For

doing for the other as he or she would do for self if it were at all possible; comforting; anticipating; performing skillfully; prtecting; preserving dignity

Swanson's Theory of Caring - 5 processes

knowing, being with, doing for, enabling, maintaing belief

Carative FActor 3 - cultivating a sensitivity to one's self and to others

learn to accept yourself and others for their full potential; a caring nurse matures into becoming a self-actualized nurse

Carative FActor 7 - Promoting transpersonal teaching-learning

learn together while educating the patient to acquire self-care skills; the patient assumes responsibility for learling

Carative Factor 4 - Developing a helping, trusting, human caring relationship

leart to develop and sustain helping, trusting, authentic, caring relationships through effective communication with your patients

Carative Factor 2 - Instilling faith-hope

provide a connection with the patient that offers purpose and direction when trying to find the meaning of an illness

Carative Factor 5 - Promoting and expressing positive and negative fellings

support and accept your patients' feelings; in connecting with our patients you show a willingness to take risks in sharing in the relationship

Watson's Transpersonal Caring

transpersonal caring looks for deeper sources of inner healing to protect, enhance, and preserve a person's dignity, humanity, wholeness and inner harmony; Watson's view of caring becomes almost spiritual; It perserves human dignity in the technological, cure-dominanted health care system and emphasis is on the nurse-patient relationship

Carative Factor 1 - Forming a human-altruistic value system

using loving kindness to extend yourself; use self-disclosre appropirately to promote a theraeutic alliance with your patient

Benner's Theory

what is your patients needs and how can we meet those needs