Cartilage

Appositional cartilage growth depends upon chondroblasts derived from _?_. (a) the fibrous layer of perichondrium (b) the cellular layer of perichondrium (c) cell nests (d) isogenous groups

b

Cartilage cells synthesize and secrete the _?_ that make up the cartilage matrix. (a) glycosaminoglycans (b) chondronectin and the core proteins of proteoglycans (c) collagen and elastic fibers (d) all of these (e) none of these

b

Cartilage is a type of _?_ . (a) epithelial tissue (b) supporting connective tissue (c) connective tissue proper (d) muscle tissue (e) bone tissue

b

In _?_ cartilage growth, new layers of cartilage are laid down on the surfaces of the older cartilage mass. (a) interstitial (b) appositional (c) prepositional (d) depositional

b

In routine light microscopic preparations, the collagenous fibrils in hyaline cartilage _?_ visible. (a) are (b) are not

b

The connective tissue envelope covering the surfaces of hyaline and elastic cartilages is called _?_. (a) periosteum (b) perichondrium (c) perimysium (d) perineum (e) peritoneum

b

Cartilage cells occupy spaces in the cartilage matrix called _?_. (a) alveoli (b) cisternae (c) lacunae (d) fossae (e) sinuses

c

Fibrocartilage is found in _?_. (a) the intervertebral discs (b) the pubic symphysis (c) in areas where dense regular c.t. meets hyaline cartilage (d) all of these (e) none of these.

c

The cartilages covering synovial joint surfaces are _?_. (a) hyaline cartilage (b) are not covered with perichondrium (c) are supplied with nutrients by the synovial fluid (d) all of these (e) none of these

c

The extracellular material of cartilage is called _?_. (a) parenchyma (b) perichondrium (c) matrix (d) stroma (e) interstitial tissue

c

The presence of cell nests in a mass of cartilage indicates that it is undergoing _?_. (a) degeneration (b) calcification (c) interstitial growth (d) appositional growth (e) replacement by bone

c

Cartilage cells differentiate from _?_. (a) mesenchymal cells (b) fibroblasts (c) monocytes (d) melanocytes (e) keratinocytes

a

Cartilage matrix is produced by _?_. (a) chondroblasts (b) lipoblasts (c) osteoblasts (d) myoblasts (e) fibroblasts

a

Macroscopically, _?_ cartilage is bluish-white in color, glassy in appearance, and smooth and firm to the touch. (a) hyaline (b) elastic (c) fibrous

a

The most common type of cartilage in the human body is _?_. (a) hyaline (b) elastic (c) fibrous (d) none of these

a

Cartilage cell nests _?_. (a) are also called isogenous groups (b) contain two or more chondroblasts (c) disappear as the cells in the nest begin to produce cartilage matrix (d) all of these (e) none of these

d

Cartilage cell nests are also called isogenous groups because the cells are_?_. (a) oval in shape (b) chondroblasts (c) derived by mitosis from one original chondroblast (d) all of these (e) none of these

d

Cartilage is "cheap" to maintain, but difficult to repair because _?_. (a) its cells are not very active (b) the dense matrix hinders diffusion of materials to and from the cells (c) it is avascular (d) all of these (e) none of these

d

Compared to chondroblasts, chondrocytes _?_. (a) are older (b) are less active metabolically (c) produce fewer secretory materials (d) all of these (e) none of these

d

Compared to chondrocytes, chondroblasts are more likely to have _?_. (a) an extensive g.e.r. (b) a well-developed Golgi apparatus (c) a prominent nucleolus and extensive euchromatin (d) all of these (e) none of these

d

Perichondrium _?_. (a) has an inner cellular layer (b) has an outer fibrous layer (c) contains blood vessels that supply the cartilage (d) all of these (e) none of these

d

Which of the following is not a component of cartilage matrix ? (a) collagen or elastic fibers (b) proteoglycans such as chondroitin sulfates (c) solvated water molecules (d) osteoid (e) chondronectin

d