CAS101 - Chapter 6

Pia is 8 years old. According to Piaget, Pia is MOST likely in the ______ stage of cognitive development.

concrete operations

Empathy refers to _____.

feeling the emotions of another person

Nine-year-old Warren is in middle childhood and faces the psychosocial task that Erikson called _____.

industry versus inferiority

Eight-year-old Jewel will _____ if she successfully resolves the Eriksonian psychosocial task of middle childhood.

work for what she wants

Jordan pushed Henry in order to make Henry hand over his lunch money. Jordan is demonstrating _____ aggression.

proactive

Armando is in middle childhood. That means he is between the ages of _____.

7 & 12

Penny is an obese 10-year-old. Her weight is at or above the ______th percentile, based on national norms.

95

Six-year-old Beth is loud, disruptive, and aggressive. Beth may have _____ tendencies.

externalizing

According to Erikson, the failure to resolve the key psychosocial task of middle childhood will result in feelings of _____.

inferiority

_____ is MORE likely with children who have internalizing problems.

learned helplessness

Being a bully-victim is _____ being a classic victim.

less common than

Eli is 22 years old and has just graduated from college. Nonetheless, some parts of his body have yet to develop fully. One of them is the fatty covering surrounding the axons of neurons known as the _____.

myelin sheath

The typical, classic victim of a bully is a(n) _____ child.

socially anxious

Following a stroke, Violet has difficulty ordering problem-solving steps in a logical sequence. Additionally, she is much more impulsive than she had been before the stroke. Violet's _____ appear(s) impaired.

Executive functions

When do most people master learning strategies such as rehearsal and selective attention?

In elementary school

_____ is a learning strategy in which information is repeated so that it may be retained in memory.

Rehearsal

Relational aggression refers to _____.

behavior aimed at harming the victim's social relationships

In mathematics education, the abstract concept of the variable, usually represented as "x" or "y," is often introduced when children are about 12 years old, marking the transition from the _____ stage to the _____ stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

concrete operations; formal operations

Self-esteem _____ during a child's early elementary school years.

declines

According to the textbook, the developmental milestones of middle childhood depend MOSTLY on the growth of the brain's _____ lobe.

frontal

Chelsea is 18 years old and has just acquired her driver's license. Despite her mother's warnings, she still acts impulsively when she drives. For example, she always speeds up to "beat" yellow lights, and she changes lanes without looking. Chelsea's impulsivity may be caused by the slow development of her _____ lobes.

frontal

A cognitive developmentalist asserts that thinking is best thought of as a set of skills that may be divided into components. The developmentalist appears to endorse a(n) ______ approach to thinking.

information processing

Chinyelu is 9 years old. He is extremely athletic and can run and jump almost as well as his older siblings. However, he has great difficulty in controlling his impulses. This is because _____ has just begun in the frontal lobes, unlike the visual and motor cortices in which the process began much earlier.

pruning

A college student repeats the names of Piaget's stages of cognitive development over and over to herself. The student is using a learning strategy called _____.

rehearsal

Because she does not have a pen and paper (or a GPS) in her car, Brittany memorizes her friend's phone directions by repeating the turns and street names in her mind over and over. Brittany is using a learning strategy called _____.

rehearsal

Beverly is a school psychologist studying social interactions in the later elementary school years in the United States. In her field work, she notices that some types of children seem to be unpopular and rejected more often. Which group is apt to be rarely rejected?

relationally aggressive children who vigorously compete for status and then reach out to enlist the group in a caring way

Joshua ignores the advertisements on a website so that he can focus on information the site provides. In this example, Joshua is demonstrating _____.

selective attention