Case Study: Feeling Lethargic

Madison's choice of diet can profoundly impact her health. Of the leading causes of death in the United States, which four are directly related to dietary choices? a. heart disease, cancers, strokes, and diabetes b. Alzheimer's, accidents, cancers, and heart disease c. heart disease, kidney disease, diabetes, and accidents d. heart disease, accidents, kidney disease, and diabetes e. Alzheimer's, diabetes, strokes, accidents, and cancers

. heart disease, cancers, strokes, and diabetes

Madison is interested in learning more about nutrition and does a quick online search. She finds a credible government resource, Healthy People 2030. She was surprised to learn that the nation used a set of standards to create goals for her and daughter's health. How often are these standards updated? a. every decade b. every century c. every year d. every quarter e. every month

a. every decade

Our food choices support the growth, maintenance, and repair of our bodies. When we do not consume adequate amounts of water, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals, we are at risk of diseases of malnutrition. What are some contributing factors of malnutrition? a. vitamin deficiencies, excess of nutrients, energy imbalance b. excess of carbohydrates, balanced diet, protein deficiencies c. energy balance, excess calories, vitamin deficiencies d. excess of nutrients, balanced diet, vitamin deficiencies e. vitamin deficiencies, excess of protein, balanced diet

a. vitamin deficiencies, excess of nutrients, energy imbalance

Madison's body type and the body locations where she stores fat are genetically determined. Which statement about our genes is true? a. Only 10% of the human genome accounts for all our individual differences. b. Only 1% of the human genome accounts for all our individual differences. c. Our genes are coiled molecules of nucleic acids that map our weight pre-birth. d. Our genes entirely determine our height and weight. e. Only 0.1% of the human genome accounts for all our individual differences.

. Only 0.1% of the human genome accounts for all our individual differences.

Madison loves to shop for groceries online and wants some easy-to-remember advice on what to add to her virtual cart. You explain that a nutritious diet is an eating pattern that follows the A, B, C, M, V principles. What are these? a. adequacy, balanced diet, colorful fruits, meats, and vitamins b. appeal, balance, calorie restriction, made-at-home, and vegetables c. adequacy, balance, calorie control, moderation, and variety d. amino acids, B-vitamins, counting carbohydrates, moderation, and vegetables e. amino acids, beans, colorful fruits, minerals, and variety

c. adequacy, balance, calorie control, moderation, and variety

While shopping, Madison recalls that one of the parents in the support group recommended eating more functional foods. What's the best definition of a functional food? a. foods that are specially manufactured for use by people with medical disorders and administered on the advice of a physician b. foods to which nutrients have been added c. foods that are minimally processed and considered wholesome d. whole or modified foods that contain bioactive food components believed to provide health benefits e. foods grown without synthetic pesticides or fertilizers

d. whole or modified foods that contain bioactive food components believed to provide health benefits

Madison was reading an article on her phone that discussed macro and micronutrients. She learned that macronutrients provide energy to the body. Which of the following are macronutrients that the body needs? a. carbohydrates, fats, and proteins b. protein, minerals, and water c. fats, minerals, and protein d. vitamins, fats, and minerals e. vitamins, carbohydrates, and minerals

a. carbohydrates, fats, and proteins

Madison admits that she needs to make changes to her food habits and patterns. She wants to be an example to her daughter. What stage of behavioral change is characterized by admitting that change may be needed? a. Contemplation b. Action c. Preparation d. Precontemplation e. Maintenance

a. Contemplation