CASP 003 Lead2Pass
The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) has asked the security team to determine whether the organization is susceptible to a zero-day exploit utilized in the banking industry and whether attribution is possible. The CISO has asked what process would be utilized to gather the information, and then wants to apply signatureless controls to stop these kinds of attacks in the future. Which of the following are the MOST appropriate ordered steps to take to meet the CISO's request?
1. Analyze the current threat intelligence 2. Utilize information sharing to obtain the latest industry IOCs 3. Perform a sweep across the network to identify positive matches 4. Apply machine learning algorithms
An engineer is evaluating the control profile to assign to a system containing PII, financial, and proprietary data. Based on the data classification table above, which of the following BEST describes the overall classification?
High confidentiality, medium availability
A newly hired Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) is reviewing the organization's security budget from the previous year. The CISO notices $100,000 worth of fines were paid for not properly encrypting outbound email messages. The CISO expects next year's costs associated with fines to double and the volume of messages to increase by 100%. The organization sent out approximately 25,000 messages per year over the last three years. Given the table below: Which of the following would be BEST for the CISO to include in this year's budget?
A budget line for paying future fines
A security architect has been assigned to a new digital transformation program. The objectives are to provide better capabilities to customers and reduce costs. The program has highlighted the following requirements: 1. Long-lived sessions are required, as users do not log in very often. 2. The solution has multiple SPs, which include mobile and web applications. 3. A centralized IdP is utilized for all customer digital channels. 4. The applications provide different functionality types such as forums and customer portals. 5. The user experience needs to be the same across both mobile and web-based applications. Which of the following would BEST improve security while meeting these requirements?
A. Social login to IdP, securely store the session cookies, and implement one-time passwords sent to the mobile device
A legacy web application, which is being used by a hospital, cannot be upgraded for 12 months. A new vulnerability is found in the legacy application, and the networking team is tasked with mitigation. Middleware for mitigation will cost $100,000 per year. Which of the following must be calculated to determine ROI? (Choose two.)
ALE ARO
Two new technical SMB security settings have been enforced and have also become policies that increase secure communications. Network Client: Digitally sign communication Network Server: Digitally sign communication A storage administrator in a remote location with a legacy storage array, which contains time sensitive data, reports employees can no longer connect to their department shares. Which of the following mitigation strategies should an information security manager recommend to the data owner?
Accept the risk, reverse the settings for the remote location, and have the remote location file a risk exception until the legacy storage device can be upgraded
The code snippet below controls all electronic door locks to a secure facility in which the doors should only fail open in an emergency. In the code, "criticalValue" indicates if an emergency is underway: try { if (criticalValue) openDoors=true else OpenDoors=false } catch (e) { OpenDoors=true } Which of the following is the BEST course of action for a security analyst to recommend to the software developer?
Add additional exception handling logic to the main program to prevent doors from being opened
While investigating suspicious activity on a server, a security administrator runs the following report: In addition, the administrator notices changes to the /etc/shadow file that were not listed in the report. Which of the following BEST describe this scenario? (Choose two.)
An attacker compromised the server and may have also compromised the file integrity database to hide the changes to the /etc/shadow file An attacker compromised the server and may have used MD5 collision hashes to generate valid passwords, allowing further access to administrator accounts on the server
The finance department has started to use a new payment system that requires strict PII security restrictions on various network devices. The company decides to enforce the restrictions and configure all devices appropriately. Which of the following risk response strategies is being used?
B. Mitigate
A Chief Information Securiy Officer (CISO) is reviewing technical documentation from various regional offices and notices some key differences between these groups. The CISO has not discovered any governance documentation. The CISO creates the following chart to visualize the differences among the networking used. Which of the following would be the CISO's MOST immediate concern?
B. Network engineers have ignored defacto standards
A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) is reviewing the results of a gap analysis with an outside cybersecurity consultant. The gap analysis reviewed all procedural and technical controls and found the following: -High-impact controls implemented: 6 out of 10 -Medium-impact controls implemented: 409 out of 472 Low-impact controls implemented: 97 out of 1000 The report includes a cost-benefit analysis for each control gap. The analysis yielded the following information: -Average high-impact control implementation cost: $15,000; Probable ALE for each high-impact control gap: $95,000 -Average medium-impact control implementation cost: $6,250; Probable -ALE for each medium-impact control gap: $11,000 -Due to the technical construction and configuration of the corporate enterprise, slightly more than 50% of the medium-impact controls will take two years to fully implement. Which of the following conclusions could the CISO draw from the analysis?
Because of the significant ALE for each high-risk vulnerability, efforts should be focused on those controls
An advanced threat emulation engineer is conducting testing against a client's network. The engineer conducts the testing in as realistic a manner as possible. Consequently, the engineer has been gradually ramping up the volume of attacks over a long period of time. Which of the following combinations of techniques would the engineer MOST likely use in this testing? (Choose three.)
Black box testing Vulnerability assessment Pivoting
A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) is developing a new BIA for the organization. The CISO wants to gather requirements to determine the appropriate RTO and RPO for the organization's ERP. Which of the following should the CISO interview as MOST qualified to provide RTO/RPO metrics?
Business unit director
When reviewing KRIs of the email security appliance with the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) of an insurance company, the security engineer notices the following: Which of the following measures should the security engineer take to ensure PII is not intercepted in transit while also preventing interruption to business?
C. Enable transport layer security on all outbound email communications and attachments
A large enterprise with thousands of users is experiencing a relatively high frequency of malicious activity from the insider threats. Much of the activity appears to involve internal reconnaissance that results in targeted attacks against privileged users and network file shares. Given this scenario, which of the following would MOST likely prevent or deter these attacks? (Choose two.)
C. Enforce command shell restrictions via group policies for all workstations by default to limit which native operating system tools are available for use D. Modify the existing rules of behavior to include an explicit statement prohibiting users from enumerating user and file directories using available tools and/or accessing visible resources that do not directly pertain to their job functions
security analyst, who is working in a Windows environment, has noticed a significant amount of IPv6 traffic originating from a client, even though IPv6 is not currently in use. The client is a standalone device, not connected to the AD that manages a series of SCADA devices used for manufacturing. Which of the following is the appropriate command to disable the client's IPv6 stack?
C:\>reg add HRLM\system\CurrentControlSet\services\TCPIP6\Parameters /v DisabledComponents /t REG_DWORD /d 255 /f
A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) requests the following external hosted services be scanned for malware, unsecured PII, and healthcare data: - Corporate intranet site - Online storage application - Email and collaboration suite Security policy also is updated to allow the security team to scan and detect any bulk downloads of corporate data from the company's intranet and online storage site. Which of the following is needed to comply with the corporate security policy and the CISO's request?
CASB
An engineer maintains a corporate-owned mobility infrastructure, and the organization requires that all web browsing using corporate-owned resources be monitored. Which of the following would allow the organization to meet its requirement? (Choose two.)
Configure the devices to use an always-on IPSec VPN Restrict application permissions to establish only HTTPS connections outside of the enterprise boundary
An internal penetration tester was assessing a recruiting page for potential issues before it was pushed to the production website. The penetration tester discovers an issue that must be corrected before the page goes live. The web host administrator collects the log files below and gives them to the development team so improvements can be made to the security design of the website. Which of the following types of attack vector did the penetration tester use?
CSRF
A systems administrator receives an advisory email that a recently discovered exploit is being used in another country and the financial institutions have ceased operations while they find a way to respond to the attack. Which of the following BEST describes where the administrator should look to find information on the attack to determine if a response must be prepared for the systems? (Choose two.)
CVE database Antivirus vendor websites
After multiple service interruptions caused by an older datacenter design, a company decided to migrate away from its datacenter. The company has successfully completed the migration of all datacenter servers and services to a cloud provider. The migration project includes the following phases: Selection of a cloud provider Architectural design Microservice segmentation Virtual private cloud Geographic service redundancy Service migration The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) is still concerned with the availability requirements of critical company applications. Which of the following should the company implement NEXT?
Cloud access security broker
While conducting a BIA for a proposed acquisition, the IT integration team found that both companies outsource CRM services to competing and incompatible third-party cloud services. The decision has been made to bring the CRM service in-house, and the IT team has chosen a future solution. With which of the following should the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) be MOST concerned? (Choose two.)
Compatible services data migration
A government contractor was the victim of a malicious attack that resulted in the theft of sensitive information. An analyst's subsequent investigation of sensitive systems led to the following discoveries: - There was no indication of the data owner's or user's accounts being compromised. - No database activity outside of previous baselines was discovered. - All workstations and servers were fully patched for all known vulnerabilities at the time of the attack. - It was likely not an insider threat, as all employees passed polygraph tests. Given this scenario, which of the following is the MOST likely attack that occurred?
D. After successfully using a watering hole attack to deliver an exploit to a machine, which belongs to an employee of the contractor, an attacker gained access to a corporate laptop. With this access, the attacker then established a remote session over a VPN connection with the server hosting the database of sensitive information
A company's security policy states any remote connections must be validated using two forms of network- based authentication. It also states local administrative accounts should not be used for any remote access. PKI currently is not configured within the network. RSA tokens have been provided to all employees, as well as a mobile application that can be used for 2FA authentication. A new NGFW has been installed within the network to provide security for external connections, and the company has decided to use it for VPN connections as well. Which of the following should be configured? (Choose two.)
D. RADIUS E. LDAP
A security administrator wants to allow external organizations to cryptographically validate the company's domain name in email messages sent by employees. Which of the following should the security administrator implement?
DKIM
A business is growing and starting to branch out into other locations. In anticipation of opening an office in a different country, the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) and legal team agree they need to meet the following criteria regarding data to open the new office: Store taxation-related documents for five years Store customer addresses in an encrypted format Destroy customer information after one year Keep data only in the customer's home country Which of the following should the CISO implement to BEST meet these requirements? (Choose three.)
Data retention policy Data sovereignty policy Encryption standard
An organization is currently working with a client to migrate data between a legacy ERP system and a cloud-based ERP tool using a global PaaS provider. As part of the engagement, the organization is performing data deduplication and sanitization of client data to ensure compliance with regulatory requirements. Which of the following is the MOST likely reason for the need to sanitize the client data?
Data sovereignty
An engineer is assisting with the design of a new virtualized environment that will house critical company services and reduce the datacenter's physical footprint. The company has expressed concern about the integrity of operating systems and wants to ensure a vulnerability exploited in one datacenter segment would not lead to the compromise of all others. Which of the following design objectives should the engineer complete to BEST mitigate the company's concerns? (Choose two.)
Deploy virtual desktop infrastructure with an OOB management network Leverage separate physical hardware for sensitive services and data
An organization has decided to reduce labor costs by outsourcing back office processing of credit applications to a provider located in another country. Data sovereignty and privacy concerns raised by the security team resulted in the third-party provider only accessing and processing the data via remote desktop sessions. To facilitate communications and improve productivity, staff at the third party has been provided with corporate email accounts that are only accessible via the remote desktop sessions. Email forwarding is blocked and staff at the third party can only communicate with staff within the organization. Which of the following additional controls should be implemented to prevent data loss? (Select THREE).
Disable cross session cut and paste User access audit reviews Source IP whitelisting
A company that has been breached multiple times is looking to protect cardholder data. The previous undetected attacks all mimicked normal administrative-type behavior. The company must deploy a host solution to meet the following requirements: - Detect administrative actions - Block unwanted MD5 hashes - Provide alerts - Stop exfiltration of cardholder data Which of the following solutions would BEST meet these requirements? (Choose two.)
EDR HIPS
The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) for an organization wants to develop custom IDS rulesets faster, prior to new rules being released by IDS vendors. Which of the following BEST meets this objective?
Encourage cybersecurity analysts to review open-source intelligence products and threat database to generate new IDS rules based on those sources
The risk manager has requested a security solution that is centrally managed, can easily be updated, and protects end users' workstations from both known and unknown malicious attacks when connected to either the office or home network. Which of the following would BEST meet this requirement?
HIPS
An organization is concerned with potential data loss in the event of a disaster, and created a backup datacenter as a mitigation strategy. The current storage method is a single NAS used by all servers in both datacenters. Which of the following options increases data availability in the event of a datacenter failure?
Establish a SAN that replicates between datacenters.
A company has decided to replace all the T-1 uplinks at each regional office and move away from using the existing MPLS network. All regional sites will use high-speed connections and VPNs to connect back to the main campus. Which of the following devices would MOST likely be added at each location?
Firewall
A development team is testing an in-house-developed application for bugs. During the test, the application crashes several times due to null pointer exceptions. Which of the following tools, if integrated into an IDE during coding, would identify these bugs routinely?
Fuzzing utility
An information security manager conducted a gap analysis, which revealed a 75% implementation of security controls for high-risk vulnerabilities, 90% for medium vulnerabilities, and 10% for low-risk vulnerabilities. To create a road map to close the identified gaps, the assurance team reviewed the likelihood of exploitation of each vulnerability and the business impact of each associated control. To determine which controls to implement, which of the following is the MOST important to consider?
GRC
An organization is preparing to develop a business continuity plan. The organization is required to meet regulatory requirements relating to confidentiality and availability, which are well-defined. Management has expressed concern following initial meetings that the organization is not fully aware of the requirements associated with the regulations. Which of the following would be MOST appropriate for the project manager to solicit additional resources for during this phase of the project?
Gap assessment
A recent penetration test identified that a web server has a major vulnerability. The web server hosts a critical shipping application for the company and requires 99.99% availability. Attempts to fix the vulnerability would likely break the application. The shipping application is due to be replaced in the next three months. Which of the following would BEST secure the web server until the replacement web server is ready?
HIDS
Several recent ransomware outbreaks at a company have cost a significant amount of lost revenue. The security team needs to find a technical control mechanism that will meet the following requirements and aid in preventing these outbreaks: - Stop malicious software that does not match a signature - Report on instances of suspicious behavior - Protect from previously unknown threats - Augment existing security capabilities Which of the following tools would BEST meet these requirements?
HIPS
A company has entered into a business agreement with a business partner for managed human resources services. The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) has been asked to provide documentation that is required to set up a business-to-business VPN between the two organizations. Which of the following is required in this scenario?
ISA
The risk subcommittee of a corporate board typically maintains a master register of the most prominent risks to the company. A centralized holistic view of risk is particularly important to the corporate Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) because:
IT systems are maintained in silos to minimize interconnected risks and provide clear risk boundaries used to implement compensating controls
A security analyst is reviewing the following packet capture of communication between a host and a company's router: 1 192.168.1.10 -> 10.5.10.1 icmp echo request 33 bytes sent ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ 2 10.5.10.1 -> 192.168.1.10 icmp echo reply 34 bytes sent ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZA%MDKF8 Which of the following actions should the security analyst take to remove this vulnerability?
Implement a router ACL
The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) at a large organization has been reviewing some security-related incidents at the organization and comparing them to current industry trends. The desktop security engineer feels that the use of USB storage devices on office computers has contributed to the frequency of security incidents. The CISO knows the acceptable use policy prohibits the use of USB storage devices. Every user receives a popup warning about this policy upon login. The SIEM system produces a report of USB violations on a monthly basis; yet violations continue to occur. Which of the following preventative controls would MOST effectively mitigate the logical risks associated with the use of USB storage devices?
Implement group policy objects
First responders, who are part of a core incident response team, have been working to contain an outbreak of ransomware that also led to data loss in a rush to isolate the three hosts that were calling out to the NAS to encrypt whole directories, the hosts were shut down immediately without investigation and then isolated. Which of the following were missed? (Choose two.)
Indicators of compromise to determine ransomware encryption Chain of custody information needed for investigation
Given the following: //TDO - should thid be odbc or jdbc? var odbcString = get ParameterByName ("queryString", "dbConnector"); doc.innerHTML = "DB connector: <b>" + odbcString + "<b>"; document.body.appendChild (doc); Which of the following vulnerabilities is present in the above code snippet?
Information disclosure in comments
A security administrator is assessing a new application. The application uses an API that is supposed to encrypt text strings that are stored in memory. How might the administrator test that the strings are indeed encrypted in memory?
Initiate a core dump of the application
A user workstation was infected with a new malware variant as a result of a drive-by download. The security administrator reviews key controls on the infected workstation and discovers the following: Which of the following would BEST prevent the problem from reoccurring in the future? (Choose two.)
Install HIPS Install EDR
A company monitors the performance of all web servers using WMI. A network administrator informs the security engineer that web servers hosting the company's client- facing portal are running slowly today. After some investigation, the security engineer notices a large number of attempts at enumerating host information via SNMP from multiple IP addresses. Which of the following would be the BEST technique for the security engineer to employ in an attempt to prevent reconnaissance activity?
Install a HIPS on the web servers
An architect was recently hired by a power utility to increase the security posture of the company's power generation and distribution sites. Upon review, the architect identifies legacy hardware with highly vulnerable and unsupported software driving critical operations. These systems must exchange data with each other, be highly synchronized, and pull from the Internet time sources. Which of the following architectural decisions would BEST reduce the likelihood of a successful attack without harming operational capability? (Choose two.)
Install a firewall and IDS between systems and the LAN Configure the systems to use government-hosted NTP servers
A network printer needs Internet access to function. Corporate policy states all devices allowed on the network must be authenticated. Which of the following is the MOST secure method to allow the printer on the network without violating policy?
Issue a certificate to the printer and use certificate-based authentication
A technician is configuring security options on the mobile device manager for users who often utilize public Internet connections while travelling. After ensuring that full disk encryption is enabled, which of the following security measures should the technician take? (Choose two.)
Issue a remote wipe of corporate and personal partitions Implement an always-on VPN
A security architect is implementing security measures in response to an external audit that found vulnerabilities in the corporate collaboration tool suite. The report identified the lack of any mechanism to provide confidentiality for electronic correspondence between users and between users and group mailboxes. Which of the following controls would BEST mitigate the identified vulnerability?
Issue digital certificates to all users, including owners of group mailboxes, and enable S/MIME
A security administrator was informed that a server unexpectedly rebooted. The administrator received an export of syslog entries for analysis: Which of the following does the log sample indicate? (Choose two.)
Jsmith successfully used a privlege escalation attack Buffer overflow in memory paging caused a kernel panic
A company wants to extend its help desk availability beyond business hours. The Chief Information Officer (CIO) decides to augment the help desk with a third-party service that will answer calls and provide Tier 1 problem resolution, such as password resets and remote assistance. The security administrator implements the following firewall change: The administrator provides the appropriate path and credentials to the third-party company. Which of the following technologies is MOST likely being used to provide access to the third company?
LDAP
A security engineer has implemented an internal user access review tool so service teams can baseline user accounts and group memberships. The tool is functional and popular among its initial set of onboarded teams. However, the tool has not been built to cater to a broader set of internal teams yet. The engineer has sought feedback from internal stakeholders, and a list of summarized requirements is as follows: -The tool needs to be responsive so service teams can query it, and then perform an automated response action. -The tool needs to be resilient to outages so service teams can perform the user access review at any point in time and meet their own SLAs. -The tool will become the system-of-record for approval, reapproval, and removal life cycles of group memberships and must allow for data retrieval after failure. Which of the following need specific attention to meet the requirements listed above? (Choose three.)
Latency Availability Recoverability
Legal authorities notify a company that its network has been compromised for the second time in two years. The investigation shows the attackers were able to use the same vulnerability on different systems in both attacks. Which of the following would have allowed the security team to use historical information to protect against the second attack?
Lessons learned
Following the successful response to a data-leakage incident, the incident team lead facilitates an exercise that focuses on continuous improvement of the organization's incident response capabilities. Which of the following activities has the incident team lead executed?
Lessons learned review
The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) suspects that a database administrator has been tampering with financial data to the administrator's advantage. Which of the following would allow a third-party consultant to conduct an on-site review of the administrator's activity?
Mandatory vacations
Two competing companies experienced similar attacks on their networks from various threat actors. To improve response times, the companies wish to share some threat intelligence about the sources and methods of attack. Which of the following business documents would be BEST to document this engagement?
Memorandum of understanding
An organization is currently performing a market scan for managed security services and EDR capability. Which of the following business documents should be released to the prospective vendors in the first step of the process? (Select TWO).
NDA, RFI
A company is developing requirements for a customized OS build that will be used in an embedded environment. The company procured hardware that is capable of reducing the likelihood of successful buffer overruns while executables are processing. Which of the following capabilities must be included for the OS to take advantage of this critical hardware-based countermeasure?
NX/XN bit
A security administrator is updating a company's SCADA authentication system with a new application. To ensure interoperability between the legacy system and the new application, which of the following stakeholders should be involved in the configuration process before deployment? (Choose two.)
Network engineer Facilities manager
During a security assessment, an organization is advised of inadequate control over network segmentation. The assessor explains that the organization's reliance on VLANs to segment traffic is insufficient to provide segmentation based on regulatory standards. Which of the following should the organization consider implementing along with VLANs to provide a greater level of segmentation?
Network virtualization
The Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of an Internet service provider (ISP) has decided to limit the company's contribution to worldwide Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. Which of the following should the ISP implement? (Select TWO).
Notify customers when services they run are involved in an attack. Block traffic with an IP source not allocated to customers from exiting the ISP's network.
A recent assessment identified that several users' mobile devices are running outdated versions of endpoint security software that do not meet the company's security policy. Which of the following should be performed to ensure the users can access the network and meet the company's security requirements?
Patch management
After the departure of a developer under unpleasant circumstances, the company is concerned about the security of the software to which the developer has access. Which of the following is the BEST way to ensure security of the code following the incident?
Perform white-box testing on all impacted finished products
An organization's Chief Financial Officer (CFO) was the target of several different social engineering attacks recently. The CFO has subsequently worked closely with the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) to increase awareness of what attacks may look like. An unexpected email arrives in the CFO's inbox from a familiar name with an attachment. Which of the following should the CISO task a security analyst with to determine whether or not the attachment is safe?
Place it in a malware sandbox.
A penetration tester has been contracted to conduct a physical assessment of a site. Which of the following is the MOST plausible method of social engineering to be conducted during this engagement?
Posing as a copier service technician and indicating the equipment had "phoned home" to alert the technician for a service call
After investigating virus outbreaks that have cost the company $1,000 per incident, the company's Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) has been researching new antivirus software solutions to use and be fully supported for the next two years. The CISO has narrowed down the potential solutions to four candidates that meet all the company's performance and capability requirements: Using the table above, which of the following would be the BEST business-driven choice among five possible solutions?
Product D
A software development team is conducting functional and user acceptance testing of internally developed web applications using a COTS solution. For automated testing, the solution uses valid user credentials from the enterprise directory to authenticate to each application. The solution stores the username in plain text and the corresponding password as an encoded string in a script within a file, located on a globally accessible network share. The account credentials used belong to the development team lead. To reduce the risks associated with this scenario while minimizing disruption to ongoing testing, which of the following are the BEST actions to take? (Choose two.)
Restrict access to the network share by adding a group only for developers to the share's ACL Implement a new COTS solution that does not use hard-coded credentials and integrates with directory services
An external red team is brought into an organization to perform a penetration test of a new network-based application. The organization deploying the network application wants the red team to act like remote, external attackers, and instructs the team to use a black-box approach. Which of the following is the BEST methodology for the red team to follow?
Run a protocol analyzer to determine what traffic is flowing in and out of the server, and look for ways to alter the data stream that will result in information leakage or a system failure
An insurance company has two million customers and is researching the top transactions on its customer portal. It identifies that the top transaction is currently password reset. Due to users not remembering their secret questions, a large number of calls are consequently routed to the contact center for manual password resets. The business wants to develop a mobile application to improve customer engagement in the future, continue with a single factor of authentication, minimize management overhead of the solution, remove passwords, and eliminate to the contact center. Which of the following techniques would BEST meet the requirements? (Choose two.)
SMS with OTP sent to a mobile number Certificate sent to be installed on a device
A project manager is working with a software development group to collect and evaluate user stories related to the organization's internally designed CRM tool. After defining requirements, the project manager would like to validate the developer's interpretation and understanding of the user's request. Which of the following would BEST support this objective?
Scrum
A networking administrator was recently promoted to security administrator in an organization that handles highly sensitive data. The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) has just asked for all IT security personnel to review a zero-day vulnerability and exploit for specific application servers to help mitigate the organization's exposure to that risk. Which of the following should the new security administrator review to gain more information? (Choose three.)
Security vendor pages verified security forums recent security industry conferences
Following a recent network intrusion, a company wants to determine the current security awareness of all of its employees. Which of the following is the BEST way to test awareness?
Send an email from a corporate account, requesting users to log onto a website with their enterprise account
A security analyst is reviewing the corporate MDM settings and notices some disabled settings, which consequently permit users to download programs from untrusted developers and manually install them. After some conversations, it is confirmed that these settings were disabled to support the internal development of mobile applications. The security analyst is now recommending that developers and testers have a separate device profile allowing this, and that the rest of the organization's users do not have the ability to manually download and install untrusted applications. Which of the following settings should be toggled to achieve the goal? (Choose two.)
Side loading Signed applications
A team is at the beginning stages of designing a new enterprise-wide application. The new application will have a large database and require a capital investment in hardware. The Chief Information Officer (IO) has directed the team to save money and reduce the reliance on the datacenter, and the vendor must specialize in hosting large databases in the cloud. Which of the following cloud-hosting options would BEST meet these needs?
Single-tenancy PaaS
An organization is improving its web services to enable better customer engagement and selfservice. The organization has a native mobile application and a rewards portal provided by a third party. The business wants to provide customers with the ability to log in once and have SSO between each of the applications. The integrity of the identity is important so it can be propagated through to back-end systems to maintain a consistent audit trail. Which of the following authentication and authorization types BEST meet the requirements? (Choose two.)
Social login, OpenID connect
The latest independent research shows that cyber-attacks involving SCADA systems grew an average of 15% per year in each of the last four years, but that this year's growth has slowed to around 7%. Over the same time period, the number of attacks against applications has decreased or stayed flat each year. At the start of the measure period, the incidence of PC boot loader or BIOS based attacks was negligible. Starting two years ago, the growth in the number of PC boot loader attacks has grown exponentially. Analysis of these trends would seem to suggest which of the following strategies should be employed?
Spending on SCADA security controls should stay steady; application control spending should decrease slightly and spending on PC boot loader protections should increase substantially.
A company has hired an external security consultant to conduct a thorough review of all aspects of corporate security. The company is particularly concerned about unauthorized access to its physical offices resulting in network compromises. Which of the following should the consultant recommend be performed to evaluate potential risks?
The consultant should attempt to gain access to physical offices through social engineering and then attempt data exfiltration
A newly hired systems administrator is trying to connect a new and fully updated, but very customized, Android device to access corporate resources. However, the MDM enrollment process continually fails. The administrator asks a security team member to look into the issue. Which of the following is the MOST likely reason the MDM is not allowing enrollment?
The device is rooted
An agency has implemented a data retention policy that requires tagging data according to type before storing it in the data repository. The policy requires all business emails be automatically deleted after two years. During an open records investigation, information was found on an employee's work computer concerning a conversation that occurred three years prior and proved damaging to the agency's reputation. Which of the following MOST likely caused the data leak?
The employee saved a file on the computer's hard drive that contained archives of emails, which were more than two years old
A penetration tester is conducting an assessment on Comptia.org and runs the following command from a coffee shop while connected to the public Internet: C:\nslookup -querytype=MX comptia.org Server: Unknown Address: 198.51.100.45 comptia.org MX preference=10, mail exchanger = 92.68.102.33 compia.org MX preference=20, mail exchanger = exchg1.comptia.org exchg1.compita.org Internet addres = 192.168.102.67 Which of the following should the penetration tester conclude about the command output?
The public/private views on the Comptia.org DNS servers are misconfigured
An organization has employed the services of an auditing firm to perform a gap assessment in preparation for an upcoming audit. As part of the gap assessment, the auditor supporting the assessment recommends the organization engage with other industry partners to share information about emerging attacks to organizations in the industry in which the organization functions. Which of the following types of information could be drawn from such participation?
Threat intelligence
Management is reviewing the results of a recent risk assessment of the organization's policies and procedures. During the risk assessment it is determined that procedures associated with background checks have not been effectively implemented. In response to this risk, the organization elects to revise policies and procedures related to background checks and use a third-party to perform background checks on all new employees. Which of the following risk management strategies has the organization employed?
Transfer
A Chief Information Officer (CIO) publicly announces the implementation of a new financial system. As part of a security assessment that includes a social engineering task, which of the following tasks should be conducted to demonstrate the BEST means to gain information to use for a report on social vulnerability details about the financial system?
Understand the CIO is a social drinker, and find the means to befriend the CIO at establishments the CIO frequents
A financial consulting firm recently recovered from some damaging incidents that were associated with malware installed via rootkit. Post-incident analysis is ongoing, and the incident responders and systems administrators are working to determine a strategy to reduce the risk of recurrence. The firm's systems are running modern operating systems and feature UEFI and TPMs. Which of the following technical options would provide the MOST preventive value?
Update the antivirus software and definitions
A small company is developing a new Internet-facing web application. The security requirements are: Users of the web application must be uniquely identified and authenticated. Users of the web application will not be added to the company's directory services. Passwords must not be stored in the code. Which of the following meets these requirements?
Use OpenID and allow a third party to authenticate users.
A security administrator has been asked to select a cryptographic algorithm to meet the criteria of a new application. The application utilizes streaming video that can be viewed both on computers and mobile devices. The application designers have asked that the algorithm support the transport encryption with the lowest possible performance overhead. Which of the following recommendations would BEST meet the needs of the application designers? (Select TWO).
Use RC4 with Fixed IV generation Use AES in Counter mode
A security analyst is classifying data based on input from data owners and other stakeholders. The analyst has identified three data types: 1. Financially sensitive data 2. Project data 3. Sensitive project data The analyst proposes that the data be protected in two major groups, with further access control separating the financially sensitive data from the sensitive project data. The normal project data will be stored in a separate, less secure location. Some stakeholders are concerned about the recommended approach and insist that commingling data from different sensitive projects would leave them vulnerable to industrial espionage. Which of the following is the BEST course of action for the analyst to recommend?
Use qualitative methods to determine aggregate risk scores for each project and use the derived scores to more finely segregate the data.
A security engineer is assisting a developer with input validation, and they are studying the following code block: string accountIdRegexp = "TODO, help!"; private static final Pattern accountIdPattern = Pattern.compile ("accountIdRegexp"); String accountId = request.getParameter ("accountNumber"); if (!accountIdPattern.matcher(accountId) .matches() { System.out.println("account ID format incorrect") ; } else { // continue } The security engineer wants to ensure strong input validation is in place for customer-provided account identifiers. These identifiers are ten-digit numbers. The developer wants to ensure input validation is fast because a large number of people use the system. Which of the following would be the BEST advice for the security engineer to give to the developer?
Use regular expressions
A software development team has spent the last 18 months developing a new web-based frontend that will allow clients to check the status of their orders as they proceed through manufacturing. The marketing team schedules a launch party to present the new application to the client base in two weeks. Before the launch, the security team discovers numerous flaws that may introduce dangerous vulnerabilities, allowing direct access to a database used by manufacturing. The development team did not plan to remediate these vulnerabilities during development.
Using a SRTM
A software company is releasing a new mobile application to a broad set of external customers. Because the software company is rapidly releasing new features, it has built in an over-the-air software update process that can automatically update the application at launch time. Which of the following security controls should be recommended by the company's security architect to protect the integrity of the update process? (Choose two.)
Validate cryptographic signatures applied to software updates Perform certificate pinning of the associated code signing key
A hospital's security team recently determined its network was breached and patient data was accessed by an external entity. The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) of the hospital approaches the executive management team with this information, reports the vulnerability that led to the breach has already been remediated, and explains the team is continuing to follow the appropriate incident response plan. The executive team is concerned about the hospital's brand reputation and asks the CISO when the incident should be disclosed to the affected patients. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate response?
When it is mandated by their legal and regulatory requirements
A security controls assessor intends to perform a holistic configuration compliance test of networked assets. The assessor has been handed a package of definitions provided in XML format, and many of the files have two common tags within them: "<object object_ref=... />" and "<state state_ref=... />". Which of the following tools BEST supports the use of these definitions?
XML fuzzer
A regional business is expecting a severe winter storm next week. The IT staff has been reviewing corporate policies on how to handle various situations and found some are missing or incomplete. After reporting this gap in documentation to the information security manager, a document is immediately drafted to move various personnel to other locations to avoid downtime in operations. This is an example of:
a business continuity plan
The Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) of an established security department, identifies a customer who has been using a fraudulent credit card. The CISO calls the local authorities, and when they arrive on- site, the authorities ask a security engineer to create a point-in-time copy of the running database in their presence. This is an example of:
creating a forensic image
A security consultant is attempting to discover if the company is utilizing databases on client machines to store the customer data. The consultant reviews the following information: Protocol Local Address Foreign Address Status TCP 127.0.0.1 172.16.10.101:25 Connection Est. TCP 127.0.0.1 172.16.20.45:443 Connection Est UDP 127.0.0.1 172.16.20.80:53 Waiting Listening TCP 172.16.10.10:1433 172.16.10.34 Connection Est Which of the following commands would have provided this output?
netstat -a
A security assessor is working with an organization to review the policies and procedures associated with managing the organization's virtual infrastructure. During a review of the virtual environment, the assessor determines the organization is using servers to provide more than one primary function, which violates a regulatory requirement. The assessor reviews hardening guides and determines policy allows for this configuration. It would be MOST appropriate for the assessor to advise the organization to:
update system implementation procedures to comply with regulations
A security engineer is employed by a hospital that was recently purchased by a corporation. Throughout the acquisition process, all data on the virtualized file servers must be shared by departments within both organizations. The security engineer considers data ownership to determine:
which users will have access to which data
