Cell and molecular biology quizzes

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Which of these attributes are shared by both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

A cellular membrane

Which of these structures is absent in a prokaryotic cell?

A separated nucleus bound by a membrane

Which of these mechanisms of membrane transport requires energy (ATP) investment?

Active transport

If the nucleus is the administrative sector of the manufacturing plant, what are the ribosomes?

Assembly line workers

Regarding the genetic material of a cell, which statement is false?

Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have roughly the same amount of DNA

What is not a function of the peroxisome?

Chemically modify proteins prior to secretion

When a bacteria is destroyed, its' cellular components fracture and dissolve in solution. If this occurs while a pathogenic bacteria is in the blood, it can lead to the bacterial cellular components suddenly spiking in concentration in the bloodstream. Although the bacteria may be killed, the immune system perceives an increase of bacterial components as a signal the infection has worsened. Given this, practitioners are more carful in treating septic Gram-negative infections than Gram-positive infections because of the possible side effect of...

Endotoxin (LPS) spiking, causing hemorrhage, fever and shock

How does a cell break down and recycle a damaged organelle?

Engulfing or fusing the item with a lysosome

Eukaryotic cells are generally much smaller than prokaryotic cells

False

Which cytoskeletal proteins are also the "spindle fibers" during cell division?

Microtubules

What statement about the mitochondria is false?

Mitochondria numbers do not vary from cell to cell

Which statement concerning biofilms is false?

Most prokaryotes in nature do not live in biofilms

Unlike eukaryotes, prokaryotes have no membrane-bound organelles. How, then, are prokaryotes able to generate energy?

Prokaryotes generate proton gradients across their plasma membranes

Which statement about ribosomes is incorrect?

Ribosomes are the same structure in prokaryotes and eukaryotes

This is a studded endomembrane system which is responsible for chemically modifying and transporting the proteins produced by the ribosomes on its surface.

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

One of the widest accepted scientific theories is Darwin's Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection. Which statement below would be inaccurate?

Science has proven that natural selection is how evolution works.

This is a non-studded endomembrane system which is responsible for lipid synthesis, calcium level regulation and detoxification

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

A person steps on a rusty nail which had been sitting exposed in the hot, dry sun. The person gets an infection from Clostridium tetani, the etiological agent of tetanus and an anaerobic soil bacteria. Given that the nail was extremely hot and dry, what is the most likely explanation for the presence of the bacteria on the nail?

The bacteria was in the form of a dormant endospore on the nail surface

Gram staining prepares bacteria to be visualized under light microscope. What allows a bacteria to stain positively with gram stain?

The bacteria's thick peptidoglycan cell walls

Hungarian physician Ignaz Semmelweis noticed that when his interns and physicians delivered babies, the rates of childbed fever were much higher than when midwives delivered. What was his suspicion?

The physicians and interns were spreading the disease from other sources to the pregnant women

This is a membrane bound sac responsible for the intracellular transport of various products.

Vesicle

Nine pairs of microtubules form a circle around a central pair, in which dynein repeatedly binds and releases resulting in locomotion. This 9:2 pattern refers to the...

basic structure of cilia and flagella

What is not a feature of cell theory?

cells can arise by either crystallization of by biogenesis

Intermediate filaments

diverse group of medium sized cytoskeleton polymers, playing roles in cell adhesion and anchoring organelles

A Scientific Law is the only concept in science that is not able to be changed or overturned in light of new data.

false

A Scientific Theory is an educated guess about a very specific phenomenon

false

Microtubules

hollow rods of tubulin dimers (alpha and beta); which provide tracks for movement of vesicles; also components of eukaryotic cilia and flagella

A cell in a hypertonic environment will...

lose water and shrivel

Which of the following would not be found in a prokaryotic cell?

mitochondria

Polymath Robert Hooke is known in biology for...

observing, and coining the term "cells"

A membrane bound structure with a specialized function in a eukaryotic cell is called a(n)...

organelle

An unknown cell type has been isolated. It is suspected that this cell is prokaryotic. The presence of which of these cell structures would confirm that the cell is prokaryotic

peptidoglycan cell wall

A cell can transport very specific substances (like LDL) into the cytoplasm via...

receptor mediated endocytosis

This arrangement of prokaryotic cells refers to a chain of circular shaped cell

streptococcus

In terms of Scientific Theory, the example of Schrödinger's Cat shows that...

testing hypotheses is critical to forming conclusions about the natural world

Monotrichous, peritrichous, amphitrichous and lophotrichous are all ways to describe...

the way prokaryotic flagella can be arranged

Which is false of the bacterial ribosome?

they are 80s in total

The fact that chloroplasts and mitochondria have ribosomes, DNA and cell division patterns similar to bacteria led Lynn Margulis to support the idea that...

they were prokaryotic in origin

One criteria for a Scientific Hypothesis is that the hypothesis be testable

true

Microfilament

two intertwined actin filaments; which work in concert with motor proteins; assist in cell mobility

Which of these cell shapes means "curved rod"

vibrio

Koch's postulates

were developed to determine the microbial cause for specific diseases


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