Cell Bio Chapt. 4

Which of the following organelles is not part of the endomembrane system? A) ribosome B) endoplasmic reticulum C) Golgi apparatus D) lysosome E) secretory vesicle

A) ribosome

A protein is destined to be secreted from a cell. In which organelle would you expect to find the protein just after it is produced in the rough endoplasmic reticulum? A) endosome B) lysosome C) secretory vesicle D) Golgi apparatus E) nucleus

D) Golgi apparatus

A(n) ________ is composed of tetrameric protofilaments. A) extracellular matrix B) microtubule C) bacteriophage D) microfilament E) intermediate filament

E) intermediate filament

Which of the following diseases is caused by a prion? A) polio B) Zellweger syndrome C) Tay-Sachs disease D) infantile Refsum disease E) mad cow disease

E) mad cow disease

The size range of most plant and animal cells is ________. A) 1—10 nm B) 1—5 μm C) 10—50 μm D) 0.1—0.5 mm E) 50—100 mm

C) 10—50 μm

Prokaryotes have ________S ribosomes with ________S and ________S subunits, whereas eukaryotes have ________S ribosomes with ________S and ________S subunits. A) 80, 50, 30; 100, 60, 40 B) 100, 60, 50; 90, 60, 40 C) 70, 50, 30; 80, 60, 40 D) 70, 40, 30; 80, 50, 30 E) 80, 60, 40; 70, 50, 30

C) 70, 50, 30; 80, 60, 40

Which of the following is not true of a viroid? A) Cadang-cadang is a viroid disease of the coconut palm. B) Its RNA is circular. C) Its capsid is quite small. D) Viroids possess about 250—400 nucleotides. E) Viroids affect mostly plants.

C) Its capsid is quite small.

Which of the following would be attributed to a peroxisomal dysfunction? A) accumulation of N-acetylglucosamine phosphotransferase B) accumulation of ganglioside GM2 C) accumulation of very long chain fatty acids D) accumulation of glucocerebroside E) accumulation of complex sugars

C) accumulation of very long chain fatty acids

Which of the following is true of plant cells? A) Plant cells may contain chloroplasts. B) Plant cells are always much larger than animal cells. C) Chromosomes are found only in plant cells. D) Only plant cells have a cell membrane. E) The plant cell has no cell wall.

A) Plant cells may contain chloroplasts.

Which of the following is true of a lysosome? A) The lysosome may mature from a late endosome. B) The lysosome may function in glycosylation. C) The contents of the lysosome originate in the smooth ER. D) The lysosome functions in export packaging. E) all of the above

A) The lysosome may mature from a late endosome.

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum functions in synthesis of A) lipids. B) polysaccharides. C) proteins. D) DNA. E) all of the above

A) lipids.

Glyoxysomes play an important role in the germination of fat-storing seeds and are considered to be specialized ________. A) peroxisomes B) lysosomes C) vacuoles D) centrioles E) ribosomes

A) peroxisomes

Membrane proteins may function in A) receiving extracellular signals. B) amphipathic modification. C) temperature control. D) protein manufacture. E) information storage.

A) receiving extracellular signals.

Communication between animal cells is facilitated by A) tight junctions. B) gap junctions. C) adhesive junctions. D) plasmodesmata. E) both choices B and C

B) Gap Junctions

Which of the following is a eukaryotic characteristic? A) cell fission B) membrane-bounded nucleus C) little processing of RNA D) 70S ribosomes E) none of the above

B) membrane-bounded nucleus

The major structural elements of the cytoskeleton are A) the extracellular matrix and the cell wall. B) microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments. C) the cytoplasm and cytosol. D) cleavage furrows and G-actin. E) proteoglycans and cellulose microfibrils.

B) microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments.

Which of the following is least likely to be part of a cell membrane? A) proteoglycans B) phospholipids C) glycoproteins D) transport proteins E) enzymes

B) phospholipids

Lignin is an important component in A) tight junctions. B) plant cell walls. C) fungal cell walls. D) plasmodesmata. E) bacterial cell walls

B) plant cell walls.

Mitochondrial DNA is/are A) similar to nuclear DNA sequences. B) used to trace dispersal of modern humans. C) information storage for enzymes associated with photorespiration. D) associated with paternal inheritance patterns. E) all of the above

B) used to trace dispersal of modern humans.

The hallmark feature of peroxisomal diseases is the presence of A) hydrolases. B) very long chain fatty acids. C) long chain gangliosides. D) an abundance of myelin. E) amyloid plaques.

B) very long chain fatty acids.

Viroids are characterized by all of the following except A) circular DNA. B) well-characterized transmission. C) self-replicating. D) latent forms exist in some genomes. E) associated with plant diseases.

B) well-characterized transmission.

Which of the following is included as part of the Eubacteria? A) methanogens B) thermacidophiles C) cyanobacteria D) halobacteria E) sulfobacteria

C) cyanobacteria

When the size of a cell increases, the surface area/volume ratio A) decreases initially and then begins to increase. B) remains the same. C) decreases. D) increases initially and then begins to decrease. E) increases.

C) decreases.

Which of the following processes would be most likely to occur in the Golgi complex? A) synthesis of steroids B) production and packaging of lipids C) glycosylation of proteins D) synthesis of DNA E) detoxification of drugs

C) glycosylation of proteins

If the surface area of a cell increases by a factor of 100, the volume of that cell will A) remain the same. B) increase by a factor of 100. C) increase by a factor of 1000. D) increase by a factor of 10. E) decrease by a factor of 100.

C) increase by a factor of 1000.

The chromoplast is an organelle associated with A) oxidation of sugars. B) synthesis of secretory proteins. C) plant pigment storage. D) ribosome production in primitive plants. E) storage of chromium.

C) plant pigment storage.

Kuru is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system believed to be caused by which type of agent? A) virus B) bacterium C) prion D) viroid E) protozoan

C) prion

The cytosol is best described as the A) fluid within the nucleus. B) three-dimensional array of interconnected filaments. C) semifluid substance in which organelles are suspended. D) internal contents of organelles. E) area of the cell not occupied by the nucleus.

C) semifluid substance in which organelles are suspended.

In which of the following properties are the Archaea more like eukaryotes than the bacteria? A) size B) microtubules and microfilaments C) translation initiation D) mode of cell division E) both choices C and D

C) translation initiation

The term "junk DNA" is no longer used because these regions of DNA have been found to be associated with all of the following except A) miRNAs. B) speciation. C) binding sites for regulatory regions. D) All of the above have been associated with "junk DNA." E) None of the above have been associated with "junk DNA."

D) All of the above have been associated with "junk DNA."

Which of the following is not generally associated with a chloroplast? A) thylakoids B) grana C) stroma D) matrix E) both choices A and B

D) Matrix

The methanobacteria, halobacteria, and sulfobacteria are included in which domain? A) eubacteria B) protista C) blue-green algae D) archaea E) all of the above

D) archaea

Which of the following fundamental properties of life do viruses not possess? A) metabolism B) irritability C) ability to reproduce D) both choices A and B E) both choices B and C

D) both choices A and B

Which of the following organelles is not generally found in animal cells? A) food vacuole B) centriole C) endoplasmic reticulum D) central vacuole E) mitochondrion

D) central vacuole

Which of the following is not believed to be a virus or to be caused by a virus? A) TMV B) AIDS C) Epstein-Barr D) scrapie E) T4 phage

D) scrapie

Which organelle has only a single membrane around it? A) ribosome B) nucleus C) mitochondrion D) chloroplast E) peroxisome

E) peroxisome

Which sequence reflects the locations that a secretory protein will visit on its way from its production to its secretion outside the cell? A) rough ER, secretory vesicle, Golgi complex, ER vesicle B) rough ER, Golgi complex, smooth ER, ER vesicle C) nucleus, Golgi complex, rough or smooth ER, secretory vesicle D) smooth ER, rough ER, Golgi complex, secretory vesicle E) rough ER, ER vesicle, Golgi complex, secretory vesicle

E) rough ER, ER vesicle, Golgi complex, secretory vesicle

With regard to tight junctions, A) one face of the cell, the apical surface, is in contact with other cells. B) they allow free movement of ions and molecules between cells. C) they are responsible for holding cardiac muscle together. D) they are composed of special proteins called connexins. E) they block the movement of basolateral integral membrane proteins to the apical surface.

E) they block the movement of basolateral integral membrane proteins to the apical surface.

Which of the following diseases is caused by a peroxisomal defect? A) Zellweger syndrome B) sickle-cell anemia C) Tay-Sachs disease D) hypertrophic cardiomyopathy E) I-cell disease

A) Zellweger syndrome

Intermediate filaments are A) different in different cell types. B) smaller than actin filaments. C) composed of tubulin. D) composed of globular proteins only. E) none of the above

A) different in different cell types.