Cell biology quiz 3 bio 121
Hemolysis may occur when a blood cell is placed into Question 11 options: a) isotonic solution. b) hypertonic solution. c) hypotonic solution.
hypotonic solution.
A solution that contains a lower osmotic pressure than the cytoplasm of a cell is called Question 5 options: a) heterotonic. b) hypertonic. c) isotonic. d) hypotonic.
hypotonic.
The anticodon for the codon UCA is Question 14 options: a) AGU. b) AGC. c) TCA. d) TGT. e) AGT.
AGU.
The anticodon for the codon UCA is Question 6 options: a) AGU. b) AGC. c) TCA. d) TGT. e) AGT.
AGU.
Diffusion of a substance across the cell membrane is influenced by all of the following, except Question 8 options: a) ATP. b) presence of membrane channels. c) charge of the substance. d) concentration gradient. e) lipid solubility.
ATP.
The bases A, T, C, and G are most closely associated with: Question 19 options: RNA DNA
DNA
Ribose sugar is found in: Question 15 options: RNA DNA
RNA
Uracil is found in: Question 19 options: RNA DNA
RNA
DNA carries the genetic information and, with RNA, functions in protein synthesis. Question 16 options: True False
True
The cell structures containing the nucleic acids that are bearers of hereditary information are the: Question 17 options: chromosomes. lysosomes. ribosomes. mRNA molecules.
chromosomes.
Red blood cell shrinkage is called __________, and cell bursting is called ___________. Question 11 options: a) crenation; hemolysis c) hypotonic; isotonic d) isotonic; hypotonic e) isotonic; hypertonic
crenation; hemolysis
The liquid component of the cytoplasm is called Question 12 options: a) cytosol. b) protoplasm. c) extracellular fluid. d) interstitial fluid. e) a colloidal gel.
cytosol.
If a cell lacked the enzyme DNA polymerase, it could not Question 3 options: a) form protein. b) form complementary sequences of DNA. c) form spindle fibers. d) form a new nuclear membrane during telophase.
form complementary sequences of DNA.
A red blood cell in an isotonic solution will: Question 18 options: have no concentration change, therefore no change in cell size. cease all forms of transport. shrink. expand.
have no concentration change, therefore no change in cell size.
A cell duplicates its chromosomes during the ________ phase. Question 1 options: a) prophase b) interphase c) anaphase d) telophase e) metaphase
interphase
Which of the following forms the centrioles and is involved in movement of chromosomes during cell division? Question 7 options: a) cilia b) flagella c) plasma membrane d) microtubules
microtubules
Breathing faster and deeper eliminates more carbon dioxide from the body than normal breathing. Under these circumstances Question 4 options: a) more carbon dioxide will diffuse out of the blood in the lungs. b) more carbon dioxide will diffuse into the blood in the lungs. c) less carbon dioxide will diffuse out of the blood in the lungs. d) the amount of carbon dioxide diffusion will remain unchanged.
more carbon dioxide will diffuse out of the blood in the lungs.
Specific proteins are manufactured through the interaction of ________ and ________. Question 1 options: a) multiple enzymes; three types of RNA c) multiple carbohydrates; three types of DNA d) multiple lipids; three types of DNA e) multiple enzymes; three types of DNA
multiple enzymes; three types of RNA
The ribosomal subunits are synthesized by Question 13 options: a) nucleoli. b) Golgi complexes. c) lysosomes. d) mitochondria.
nucleoli.
A defense cell engulfing a bacterium illustrates Question 10 options: a) pinocytosis. b) endocytosis. c) exocytosis. d) phagocytosis.
phagocytosis.
Which of the following is considered the protein factory of the cell? Question 20 options: mitochondrion. nucleus. lysosomes. ribosome.
ribosome.
Which of the following is not a function of membrane proteins? Question 8 options: b) regulate the passage of water and small solutes c) act as carrier molecules for various solutes c) act as anchors or stabilizers for the cell membrane d) serve as cell nutrients
serve as cell nutrients
In order to maintain cellular homeostasis, a Na-K pump ejects ________ ions from the cell and imports ________ ions. Question 9 options: a) potassium; calcium b) sodium; calcium c) potassium; sodium d) sodium; potassium e) calcium; sodium
sodium; potassium
During this phase of cell division, the chromosomes uncoil, the nuclear membrane forms, and cytokinesis occurs. Question 14 options: a) anaphase b) prophase c) interphase d) telophase e) metaphase
telophase
The process of forming mRNA is called Question 12 options: a) replication. b) transcription. c) translation. d) auscultation.
transcription.
The process of protein formation directed by mRNA is called Question 12 options: a) replication. b) transcription. c) translation. d) mitosis. e) auscultation.
translation
All of the following membrane transport mechanisms are passive processes, except Question 10 options: a) diffusion. b) facilitated diffusion. c) vesicular transport. d) osmosis. e) all of the above
vesicular transport.
Where is chromatin located? Question 20 options: mitochondrion. nucleus. nucleolus. ribosome.
nucleus.
A gene is a(an): Question 18 options: chromosome. DNA code for a protein. protein. hereditary trait.
DNA code for protein.
Chromosomes consist of Question 7 options: a) RNA and carbohydrates b) DNA and lipids c) DNA and proteins d) Water and RNA e) RNA and proteins
DNA with proteins
The DNA code for a certain amino acid is CGA. The corresponding mRNA codon for this amino acid would be: Question 17 options: CGA GCT GCU AGC
GCU
The plasma membrane is composed of Question 5 options: a) a bilayer of carbohydrates. b) a bilayer of phospholipids. c) carbohydrates and proteins. d) carbohydrates and lipids.
a bilayer pf phospholipids.
The smallest living unit within the human body is Question 9 options: a) a protein. b) a cell. c) a tissue. d) an organ. e) an organ system.
a cell.
Endocytosis is Question 7 options: a) a method for transporting substances into the cell. b) a method for packaging secretions. c) a form of anabolism. d) a viral infection.
a meathod for transporting substances into the cell.
Tubulin is Question 1 options: a) a carbohydrate that assembles into filamentous tubes (microtubules). b) a lipid that forms the ER. c) a protein that assembles into filamentous tubes (microtubules). d) a protein that forms the tubular portion of the cytosol.
a protein that assembles into filamentous tubes (microtubules).
Microfilaments Question 6 options: a) anchor the cytoskeleton to membrane proteins. b) control the consistency of cytoplasm. c) with myosin, produce cell movement. d) all of the above e) none of the above
all of the above
Osmotic pressure Question 9 options: a) forces water to move toward the higher solute concentration. b) forces water to move across a semipermeable membrane. c) can be opposed by hydrostatic pressure. d) all of the above e) none of the above
all of the above
The plasma membrane includes Question 14 options: a) proteins. b) glycolipids. c) phospholipids. d) all of the above e) none of the above Membrane proteins perform which of the following functions? a) anchoring b) receptors c) recognition d) channels e) all of the above
all of the above
The genetically programmed death of cells is called Question 4 options: a) differentiation. b) replication. c) apoptosis. d) metastasis. e) mitosis.
apoptosis
The function of tRNA is to: Question 18 options: bring amino acids to the proper position at the ribosome. replicate DNA. synthesize amino acids. carry the DNA message to the ribosome.
bring amino acids to the proper position at the ribosome.
A mature red blood cell lacks a nucleus. Thus, it Question 7 options: a) can repair itself readily. b) is malformed. c) can only divide once more. d) will be a long-lived cell. e) cannot make new proteins and will be worn out within a few months.
cannot make new proteins and will be worn out within a few months.
Some cells contain large numbers of mitochondria while others have relatively few or none. This suggests that Question 13 options: a) cells with large numbers of mitochondria are short-lived. b) cells with large numbers of mitochondria have a high energy demand. c) some cells are older than others. d) cells with large numbers of mitochondria have a low energy demand.
cells with large numbers of mitochondria have a high energy demand.
Ions enter or leave a cell through Question 1 options: a) channels formed by membrane proteins. b) defects in the lipid layer of the membrane. c) lipid channels. d) peripheral carbohydrates.
channels formed by membrane proteins.
Before the mRNA transcribed from a gene can be used in translation, it must be Question 14 options: a) edited to remove introns. b) edited to remove codons. c) transported into the cytoplasm. d) edited to remove introns, and transported into the cytoplasm.
edited to remove introns, and transported into the cytoplasm.
If an animal cell lacked centrioles, it would not be able to Question 11 options: a) move. b) synthesize proteins. c) metabolize sugars. d) form the mitotic spindle.
form the mitotic spindle.
The triplet codes needed to specify a specific protein are found in the Question 10 options: a) protein itself. b) gene. c) codon. d) anticodon.
gene,
The functional units of DNA that contain the instructions for making one or more proteins are Question 11 options: a) chromosomes. b) genes. c) ribosomes. d) codons.
genes.
Spikes form on a blood cell when it is placed in a(n) ________ solution. Question 5 options: a) isotonic b) hypertonic c) hypotonic d) heterotonic
hypertonic
Each of the following is a function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, except Question 9 options: a) synthesis of glycogen. b) modification of protein. c) synthesis of steroid hormones. d) synthesis of triglycerides. e) synthesis of cholesterol.
modification of protein.
The stage in a cell's life cycle in which the cell performs its normal functions and prepares for division is called Question 8 options: a) prophase. b) metaphase. c) interphase. d) telophase. e) anaphase.
interphase.
The endoplasmic reticulum: Question 16 options: is a structure in the nucleus of the cell. is a group of fibers to which the mitochondria are attached. connects one cell with another so that the cells are not loose. is an elaborate network of membranes in the cytoplasm of the cell.
is an elaborate network of memebranes in the cytoplasm of the cell.
Which of the following statements about the Golgi apparatus is false? Question 2 options: a) receives transport vesicles from the rough ER b) it is a non-membranous organelle c) produces lysosomes d) produces secretory vesicles
it is a non-membranous organelle
Which of the following is NOT a function of water? Question 16 options: aids in digestion lubricant solvent it is the our main blood buffer
it is the our main blood buffer
Diffusion is an important process in life functions because: Question 18 options: it moves molecules without the expense of cellular energy. the process operates independent of concentration gradients. it can move any molecule through any semipermeable membrane. the process applies only to the movement of water in a biological system
it moves molecules without the expanse of cellular energy.
The organelle of the cell which hydrolyzes large intracellular molecules is the: Question 17 options: mitochondrion. endoplasmic reticulum. lysosome. ribosome.
lysosome.
The organelle of the cell which hydrolyzes large intracellular molecules is the: Question 20 options: mitochondrion. endoplasmic reticulum. lysosome. ribosome.
lysosome.
Each of the following is an example of a nonmembranous organelle, except Question 9 options: a) lysosomes. b) cilia. c) centrioles. d) ribosomes.
lysosomes.
An alternate term for tumor is Question 8 options: a) neoplasm. b) cytoplasm. c) primary metastasis. d) nucleoplasm.
neoplasm
The control center for cellular operations is the Question 12 options: a) nucleus. b) mitochondria. c) Golgi apparatus. d) endoplasmic reticulum. e) ribosome.
nucleus.
A defense cell engulfing a bacterium illustrates Question 13 options: a) pinocytosis. b) endocytosis. c) exocytosis. d) phagocytosis.
phagocytosis.
The correct sequence of stages in mitosis is: Question 20 options: anaphase - metaphase - telophase - prophase metaphase - anaphase - telophase - prophase prophase - metaphase - telophase - anaphase metaphase - anaphase - prophase - telophase prophase - metaphase - anaphase - telophase
prophase - metaphase - anaphase - telophase
The main components of the plasma membrane are: Question 16 options: lipids and carbohydrates. proteins and sugars. proteins and phospholipids. carbohydrates and polymers.
proteins and phospholipids.
Functions of the plasma membrane include all of the following, except Question 4 options: a) separates the cytoplasm from the extracellular fluid. b) regulates the exchange of materials with the extracellular environment. c) sensitive to chemical changes in the extracellular fluid. d) provides thermal insulation.
provides thermal insulation.
Mitosis is to somatic cells as meiosis is to Question 2 options: a) visceral cells. b) reproductive cells. c) plant cells. d) stem cells.
reproductive cells
Which form of endoplasmic reticulum modifies and packages newly synthesized proteins? Question 2 options: a) ribosomal endoplasmic reticulum b) raised endoplasmic reticulum c) rough endoplasmic reticulum d) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
rough endoplasmic reticulum
Which of the following describes a network of intracellular membranes with attached ribosomes? Question 13 options: a) rough endoplasmic reticulum b) smooth endoplasmic reticulum c) mitochondria e) Golgi apparatus
rough endoplasmic reticulum
Synthesis of lipids and glycogen takes place at the Question 2 options: a) ribosomes. b) rough ER. c) smooth ER. d) Golgi apparatus. e) mitochondria.
smooth ER.
The principal cations in our body fluids are Question 2 options: a) sodium and potassium b) calcium and magnesium c) sodium and calcium d) chloride and bicarbonate e) sodium and chloride
sodium and potassium
The predominant cation in the extracellular fluid that functions in fluid balance is: Question 20 options: sodium. potassium. calcium. magnesium.
sodium.
Examination of a sample of glandular cells reveals an extensive network of smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Which of the following is the likeliest product of these cells? Question 6 options: a) enzymes b) steroid hormones c) protein hormones d) transport proteins
steroid hormones
If the amount of sodium ion in blood plasma increases, which of the following would initially occur? Question 11 options: a) The blood osmotic pressure will increase. b) The blood osmotic pressure will decrease. c) The blood osmotic pressure will stay the same.
the blood osmotic pressure will increase.
Each of the following statements concerning mitochondria is true, except Question 13 options: a) The cristae increase the inner surface area of the organelle. b) The matrix contains enzymes involved in ATP production. c) The mitochondria do not require oxygen to produce ATP d) The mitochondria produce most of a cell's ATP.
the mitochondria do not require oxygen to produce ATP
Facilitated diffusion differs from ordinary diffusion in that Question 8 options: a) facilitated diffusion does not need ATP. b) facilitated diffusion moves molecules from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration. c) the rate of molecular movement is limited by the number of available carrier molecules. d) facilitated diffusion is driven in part by the concentration gradient.
the rate of molecular movement is limited by the number of available carrier molecules.
During mitosis, two daughter cells form, each of which has Question 14 options: a) a different number of chromosomes than the original cell. b) twice as many chromosomes as the original cell. c) the same number of chromosomes as the original cell. d) a lesser number of chromosomes than the original cell.
the same number of chromosomes as the original cell.
From the diagram below, one would know that: Question 15 options: water will flow from A to B. water will flow from B to A. sucrose will flow from A to B. sucrose will flow from B to A.
water will flow from A to B.
Which of the following is (are) included in the cell theory? Question 17 options: all living things are composed of cells. all cells arose from pre-existing cells. activities of the cells determine the activities of the organism. all of the above.
all of the above.
Two types of vesicular transport include Question 4 options: a) endocytosis and retrocytosis. b) endocytosis and exocytosis. c) exocytosis and retrocytosis. d) passive diffusion and active diffusion.
endocytosis and exocytosis.
The intake of small membrane vesicles from the extracellular fluid is called Question 3 options: a) osmosis. b) active transport. c) facilitated diffusion. d) endocytosis. e) an ion exchange pump.
endocytosis.
Assume that the transport of a particular amino acid across the plasma membrane is observed (1) to occur only down its concentration gradient and (2) to slow when a similar amino acid is added to the extracellular fluid. The movement of the amino acid through the membrane is most likely by Question 5 options: a) osmosis. b) facilitated diffusion. d) active transport. e) pinocytosis.
facilitated diffusion.
The process by which molecules such as glucose are moved into cells along their concentration gradient with the help of membrane-bound carrier proteins is called Question 6 options: a) osmosis. b) facilitated diffusion. c) active transport. d) endocytosis. e) exocytosis.
facilitated diffusion.
Most of the ATP required to power cellular operations is produced in the Question 7 options: a) cytoplasm. b) endoplasmic reticulum. c) nucleus. d) mitochondria. e) cilia.
mitochondria.
Where is chromatin located? Question 19 options: mitochondrion. nucleus. nucleolus. ribosome.
nucleus.
After cells undergo mitosis, the number of chromosomes: Question 15 options: doubles. stays the same. is reduced by half. none of the above.
stays the same.
After cells undergo mitosis, the number of chromosomes: Question 19 options: doubles. stays the same. is reduced by half. none of the above.
stays the same.
If the concentration of sodium chloride in the interstitial fluid surrounding cells decreases and the concentration of other solutes remains the same, Question 12 options: a) the cells will shrink. b) the cells will swell. c) the fluid outside of the cells will become hypertonic. e) the cells will not change.
the cells will swell.
Imagine two chambers separated by a membrane that is freely permeable to water but impermeable to glucose. Side 1 contains a 10 % glucose solution and side 2 contains pure water. Predict what will happen. Question 1 options: a) Water will continue to move from side 1 to side 2. b) Water will continue to move from side 2 to side 1. c) The glucose will move from side 1 to side 2. d) There is no way to tell what the situation will be.
water will continue to move from side 2 to side 1.
Diffusion is an important process in life functions because: Question 18 options: it moves molecules without the expense of cellular energy. the process operates independent of concentration gradients. it can move any molecule through any semipermeable membrane. the process applies only to the movement of water in a biological system
it moves molecules without the expence of cellular energy.
A gene is a(an): Question 15 options: chromosome. DNA code for a protein. protein. hereditary trait.
DNA code for a protein.
A process that requires cellular energy to move a substance against its concentration gradient is called Question 10 options: a) active transport. b) passive transport. c) facilitated transport. d) osmosis. e) diffusion.
active transport.
The movement of oxygen from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is an example of Question 3 options: a) osmosis. b) active transport. c) diffusion. d) facilitated diffusion. e) filtration.
diffusion.
Which is a permant code located in the nucleus? Question 15 options: RNA DNA
DNA
During mitosis, chromatids separate into daughter chromosomes during Question 3 options: a) prophase. b) metaphase. c) interphase. d) telophase. e) anaphase.
anaphase
Which of following properties of the cytoskeleton is false? Question 3 options: a) supports and moves organelles b) controls cell shape c) provides cell strength d) made of cytobones
made of cytobones
Cancer cells Question 10 options: a) are indistinguishable from normal body cells. b) have a slow mitotic rate. c) may exhibit metastasis. d) generally form benign tumors.
may exhabit metastasis.
Messenger RNA is vital to the cell because Question 5 options: a) mRNA can leave the nucleus. b) DNA can leave the nucleus. c) DNA cannot leave the nucleus. d) mRNA can leave the nucleus, and DNA cannot leave the nucleus.
mRNA can leave the nucleus, and DNA cannot leave the nucleus.
Most of a cell's DNA is located in its Question 6 options: a) ribosomes. b) lysosomes. c) Golgi apparatus. d) nucleus.
nucleus.
As each codon arrives at the active site of a ribosome, it attracts another molecule containing the anticodon. This molecule is called Question 4 options: a) DNA. b) mRNA. c) rRNA. d) tRNA.
tRNA