Cell Membrane and Cell Transport

When particles move from areas of high concentration to areas less concentrated, this has taken place.

Diffusion

Cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses it (for large particles).

Endocytosis

Particles are removed from a cell (pushed out).

Exocytosis

Molecules diffusing with the concentration gradient through a protein channel.

Facilitated Diffusion

Particles too large to enter the membrane...need help from channel proteins...no energy is required.

Facilitated Diffusion

Transport that uses proteins to help move molecules across the membrane.

Facilitated Diffusion

The overall movement of water, through a partially permeable membrane, from a region of low solute concentration to a region of high solute concentration

Osmosis

The term used to describe the diffusion of water.

Osmosis

What type of transport occurs from a high to low concentration?

Passive Transport

The process in which materials are brought INTO a cell by being engulfed.

Phagocytosis

This forms the two layers of the cell membrane.

Phospholipids

A phospholipid bilayer with embedded and surface proteins surrounding the cell.

Plasma Membrane

Which cell structure is made of a double layer of phospholipids?

Plasma Membrane

Condition that occurs if too much water leaves the cell and cell collapses.

Plasmolysis

The cell membrane contains channels and pumps that help move materials from one side to the other. What are these channels and pumps made of?

Proteins

The movement of molecules against a concentration gradient.

Active Transport

Which type of transport happens against a concentration gradient?

Active Transport

Which of the following structures serves as the cell's boundary from its environment?

Cell Membrane

The amount of particles in a given space.

Concentration

The difference in the concentration of a substance from one location to another.

Concentration Gradient

What is the difference between active and passive transport? a. Active transport requires energy; passive transport does not b. Active transport moves molecules across cell membranes; passive transport does not c. Active transport involves oxygen and water molecules; passive transport does not d. Active transport occurs only in nerve cells; passive transport occurs in all the body's cells

a. Active transport requires energy; passive transport does not

An example of diffusion is a. CO2 and O2 exchange in the lungs b. Glucose transport

a. CO2 and O2 exchange in the lungs

Who was the person who used his microscope to observe a thin slice of cork, and concluded that the cork was made up of cells? a. Robert Hooke b. Matthias Schleiden c. Rudolf Virchow

a. Robert Hooke

An animal cell placed in a hypertonic (salty) solution will a. Shrink b. Swell c. Stay the same

a. Shrink

In the given scenario what will happen? An egg is placed in pure water for 48 hours. a. The egg will gain water and swell. b. Water will move in and out of the cell equally, and the cell with neither shrink nor swell. c. The egg will lose water and shrink.

a. The egg will gain water and swell.

In the given scenario what will happen to the organism: salt is poured onto eggplant. a. Water will move out of the eggplant cells and the cells will shrink. b. Water will move out of the eggplant cells and the cells will swell. c. Water will move into the eggplant cells and the cells will swell.

a. Water will move out of the eggplant cells and the cells will shrink.

A can of air freshener is sprayed in the opposite side of the room. Ten minutes later you start to smell the scent. This is an example of a. diffusion b. active transport c. endocytosis d. osmosis

a. diffusion

Molecules using simple diffusion move from a. high to low concentrations b. low to high concentrations

a. high to low concentrations

A molecule that diffuses down a concentration gradient goes from an area of ______ concentration into an area of ______ concentration. a. high, low b. low, high

a. high, low

What type of solution causes the blood cells to swell and burst? a. hypotonic solution b. hypertonic solution c. isotonic solution

a. hypotonic solution

The plasma membrane consists of: a. 2 layers of proteins with the polar area to the outside b. 2 layers of lipids with the nonpolar tails to the inside c. lipids between 2 layers of carbohydrates d. proteins with polar and nonpolar tails

b. 2 layers of lipids with the nonpolar tails to the inside

What is the difference between active and passive transport? a. Active does not need energy and passive uses ATP (energy) b. Active uses ATP (energy) and passive does not need energy

b. Active uses ATP (energy) and passive does not need energy

Potatoes are placed in a cup of salt water. Which word best describes the salt water? a. Isotonic b. Hypertonic c. Hypotonic

b. Hypertonic

What is the significance of the cell membrane? a. Provides protection b. Maintains homeostasis

b. Maintains homeostasis

Which process describes something entering the cell because the membrane changes shape and brings it in with a vacuole? a. Phagocytosis b. Pinocytosis

b. Pinocytosis

Due to the higher concentration of oxygen in the air than your blood, oxygen goes from the lungs into the red blood cells by.... a. Facilitated Diffusion b. Simple Diffusion

b. Simple Diffusion

What does "high concentration area" mean? a. Spread out b. Tightly packed together

b. Tightly packed together

A cell has lost it's ability to regulate the passage of materials into and out of the cell. Which cell part is damaged? a. ribosomes b. cell membrane c. chloroplasts d. endoplasmic reticulum

b. cell membrane

Side A = 50 % salt Side B = 30% salt The movement of salt from Side A to Side B would be an example of: a. active transport b. diffusion c. phagocytosis d. osmosis

b. diffusion

When both inside and outside of a cell have the same amount of water it is said that the cell has reached a state of ___________. a. osmosis b. equilibrium c. diffusion

b. equilibrium

What macromolecule is embedded into the lipid bilayer and helps to transport molecules? a. Carbohydrate b. Lipid c. Protein d. Nucleic Acid

c. Protein

Which would be small enough to pass through a cell membrane by simple diffusion? a. starch and proteins b. proteins and fats c. carbon dioxide and water

c. carbon dioxide and water

A red blood cell burst after being placed in distilled water. This was a result of which process? a. staining b. ingestion c. osmosis d. active transport

c. osmosis

The cell membrane of the red blood cell will allow water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide to pass through. Because other substances are blocked from entering, this membrane is called a. perforated b. non-conductive c. semi-permeable d. permeable

c. semi-permeable

A cell in an isotonic solution will a. swell b. shrink c. stay the same size

c. stay the same size

Active transport requires ______ and goes _______ the concentration gradient. a. No energy & against b. ATP & with c. No energy & with d. ATP & against

d. ATP & against

What macromolecules help to make the cell membrane? a. Proteins b. Carbohydrates c. Phospholipids d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Which example represents active transport? a. Carbon dioxide moves out of body cells into the blood. b. Red blood cells swell when placed in distilled water. c. A de-shelled egg shrinks when placed in a salt solution. d. An amoeba surrounds and engulfs a bacterium using pseudopodia.

d. An amoeba surrounds and engulfs a bacterium using pseudopodia.

Active Transport moves molecules from ________ to _________ concentration; it ___________ energy. a. high, low; does not require b. low, high; does not require c. high, low; requires d. low, high; requires

d. low, high; requires

Most of the cell membrane is made of...

lipids