Cells and Tissues

________ connective tissue is commonly called fat.

Adipose

What forms the hard matrix of osseous tissue (bone)?

Calcium salts

Which type of connective tissue is avascular?

Cartilage

Which type of tissue is most likely to repair itself if injured?

Epithelial tissue

After a recent knee surgery, Carrie was cautioned about resuming activities too quickly in order to give her surgical incision time to heal. Which of the following tissues will repair and heal the quickest in the weeks to come?

Epithelial tissues

Which of the following is not classified as a connective tissue?

Skeletal muscle

________ muscle tissue has no visible striations and is found in the walls of hollow organs.

Smooth

Tendons and ligaments are classified as ________.

dense connective (regular fibrous) tissue

Jill tore her Achilles (calcaneal) tendon during a recent track meet. She has injured ________.

dense connective tissue

Glands, such as the thyroid, that secrete their products so that they directly diffuse into the blood rather than through ducts are classified as ________.

endocrine

The specific type of epithelial tissue found lining organs of the digestive system such as the small intestine is ________.

simple columnar

A tissue constructed of a single layer of flattened cells is known as ________.

simple squamous epithelium

The type of muscle found in the walls of hollow organs, such as the stomach, and in the walls of blood vessels is ________.

smooth muscle

Which type of tissue is insulated, supported, and protected by neuroglia?

Nervous tissue

Identify the type of connective tissue that is found in lymph nodes, the spleen, and bone marrow.

Reticular connective tissue

The presence of chondrocytes indicates that a tissue is ________.

cartilage

The major cell type of cartilage is the ________.

chondrocyte

The type of tissue that functions to protect, support, insulate, and cushion together body tissues are classified as ________.

connective tissues

Describe the classification and naming scheme for epithelial tissues.

Epithelial tissues are named based on two features: the number of cell layers and the predominant cell shape. If the epithelial tissue has one layer, it is called a simple tissue. Two or more layers qualify the tissue as stratified. Cells can be flat in shape (squamous), cube-shaped (cuboidal), or brick-shaped (columnar). The viewer should look toward the apical surface for the most mature cells in the tissue for the cell shape. When naming the epithelial tissue, place the number of cell layers first (such as simple) followed by the cell shape (such as squamous).

Which of the following is not a hallmark feature of epithelial tissues?

Epithelial tissues are well vascularized.

People with asthma produce too much mucus, which can block the airways. What type of cell associated with the epithelium of the respiratory tract is responsible for making mucus?

Goblet cell

What characteristic is shared by both cardiac and smooth muscle tissue?

Involuntary contractions

During lab, a student struggles to differentiate between microscope slides of stratified squamous epithelium and dense regular connective tissue. Recommend some differences and ways for her to discriminate between these two tissue slides.

Stratified squamous epithelium has the hallmark features of epithelial tissue that make it instantly recognizable: it has an apical surface and basement membrane. Its many cell layers fit closely together to form continuous sheets. The cells at the apical surface are flattened squamous cells while those near the basement membrane are cuboidal or columnar in shape. By contrast, dense regular connective tissue is recognizable for its plentiful parallel collagen fibers and rows of fibroblasts. Connective tissues lack an apical surface and basement membrane, so that feature immediately differentiates these two tissue types.

Which type of tissue is situated in the lining of the urinary bladder and urethra where stretching occurs?

Transitional epithelium