Ch. 1: Classification of Matter

What is the difference between an element and a compound?

-Element is the purest form of matter made of only one kind of atom -Compound is two or more elements chemically combined.

What is the difference between a homogeneous mixture and a heterogeneous mixture? Give two examples.

A heterogeneous mixture has two or more distinct regions that have different compositions. A homogenous mixture has only one region and the composition of the mixture does not change. An example of a heterogenous mixture would be salad dressing. An example of a homogenous mixture would be gatorade.

What is the difference between a physical change and a chemical change?

A physical change is a change in the state or properties of matter without any accompanying change in the chemical identities of the substances contained in the matter. Wax melting into liquid, or steam evaporating into liquid water, sugar dissolving in coffee. In a chemical change where there is a chemical reaction, a new substance is formed and energy is either given off or absorbed. Examples include food digestion, cooking red meat causes oxidization of iron within the hemoglobin thus turning the meat brown.

What is the difference between a physical property and a chemical property? Give two examples.

A physical property is a characteristic of matter that is not associated with a change in its chemical composition. Familiar examples of physical properties include density, color, hardness, melting and boiling points, and electrical conductivity. The change of one type of matter into another type (or the inability to change) is a chemical property. Examples of chemical properties include flammability, toxicity, acidity, and many other types of reactivity. Iron rusts while chromium does not.

What is the difference between a pure substance and a mixture? Give two examples.

A pure substance has constant composition with exact same make up and properties every time, while a mixture has two or more types of matter that can be present in varying amounts. An example of a pure substance is Sucrose. An example of a mixture is cookie dough.

In gaseous matter, atoms or molecules have __________________________ between them and are free to move relative to one another. ​Gases always assume the ____________ and the ___________ of their container.

In gaseous matter, atoms or molecules have Space between them and are free to move relative to one another. ​Gases always assume the shape and the volume of their container.

In liquid matter, atoms or molecules are free to move relative to each other giving liquids a ________________ volume but not a _________________ shape. ​Liquids assume the shape of their __________________________.

In liquid matter, atoms or molecules are free to move relative to each other giving liquids a fixed volume but not a definitive shape. ​Liquids assume the shape of their container.

In solid matter, atoms or molecules are in _____________________________________ locations. ​A solid has a ___________________ volume and a ____________________ shape.

In solid matter, atoms or molecules are in definitive locations. ​A solid has a fixed volume and a fixed shape.

What are the three different matter states?

Solid, Liquid, and Gas.

What is matter?

anything that occupies space and has mass