CH. 10

Kievan Rus

A monarchy established in present day Russia in the 6th and 7th centuries. It was ruled through loosely organized alliances with regional aristocrats from. The Scandinavians coined the term "Russia". It was greatly influenced by Byzantine , State that emerged around the city of Kiev in the ninth century CE; a culturally diverse region that included Vikings as well as Finic and Baltic peoples. The conversion of Vladimir, the grand prince of Kiev, to Orthodox Christianity in 988 had long-term implications of Russia

European cities

Cities in Europe that were mostly developed during the Medieval Period and that retain many of the same characteristics such as extreme density of development with narrow buildings and winding streets, an ornate church that prominently marks the city center, and high walls surrrounding the city center that provided defense against attack.

Eastern orthodox christianity

Eastern branch of Christianity that evolved following the division of the Roman Empire and the subsequent development of the Byzantine Empire in the east and the medieval European society in the west. The church recognized the primacy of the patriarch of Constantinople. , A branch of Christianity that developed in the Byzantine Empire and that did not recognize the Pope as its supreme leader

prince vladimir of kiev

He was the Russian prince who selected Greek Orthodoxy as the national religion. This added cultural bonds to the Byzantine Empire to the already existing commercial ties , The most famous prince of Kievan Rus, brought Russia to its highest glory by introducing Eastern Orthodox Christianity in 988 AD.

Byzantine empire

Historians' name for the eastern portion of the Roman Empire from the fourth century onward, taken from 'Byzantion,' an early name for Constantinople, the Byzantine capital city. The empire fell to the Ottomans in 1453. (250), (330-1453) The eastern half of the Roman Empire, which survived after the fall of the Western Empire at the end of the 5th century C.E. Its capital was Constantinople, named after the Emperor Constantine.

Charlemange

King of the Franks from 768 to 814 and emporer of rome from 800 to 814. Ruled over 40 years. Most important leader of the Franks because he unified nearly all Christian lands of Europe into a single empire.

Holy Roman Empire

Loose federation of mostly German states and principalities, headed by an emperor elected by the princes. It lasted from 962 to 1806. (pp. 260, 449) , Religious divisions due to the Reformation and religious wars in 16th and 17th centuries split Germany among Catholic, Lutheran and Calvinist prince. Gave way to new empires

Constantinople

Previously known as Byzantium, Constantine changed the name of the city and moved the capitol of the Roman Empire here from Rome. , Emperor Constantine,AD 330 moved the capital from Rome to the Greek city Byzantium in the east, and renamed the city. This city became the capital of the Roman empire. It was strategically located for trade and defense purposes.

caesaropapism

System in which the temporal ruler extends his own power to ecclesiastical and theological matters. Such emperors appointed bishops and the Eastern Patriarch, directed the development of liturgical practices, and even aided the recruitment of monks.

system of competing states

The distinctive organization of Western European political life that developed after the fall of Western Roman Empire, in which many small existing independent states encouraged military and economic competition

Justinain

a high ranking byzantine nobleman that took rule in the east in 527 even tempered and just vs deceiving rebuilt capital 14 mi long 25 ft thick 70 ft towers built hagia sophia meaning holy wisdom baths aqueducts law courts schools hospital trade entertainment died of plague was married to theadora the stripper

crusades

a series of military expeditions in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries by Westrn European Christians to reclain control of the Holy Lands from the Muslims , A series of military expeditions launched by Christian Europeans to win the Holy land back from Muslim control.

Roman catholic church

one of the three major branches of Christianity, the Roman Catholic Church, together with the Eastern Orthodox Church, a second of the three major branches of Christianity, arose out of the division of the Roman Empire by Emperor Diocletian into four governmental regions; two western regions centered in Rome, and two eastern regions centered in Constantinople (now Istanbul, Turkey). In 1054 CE Christianity was divided along that same line when the Eastern Orthodox Church, centered in Constantinople; and the Roman Catholic Church, centered in Rome, split.

icons

religious images used by Eastern Christians to aid their devotions , graphic images or symbols that represent applications (programs), files, disk drives, documents, embedded objects, or linked objects

Aristotle and classical greek learning

some works of Aristotle had always been known in Western Europe. Beginning in the eleventh century, medieval thought was increasingly shaped by a great recovery of Aristotle's work. this infusion of Greek rationalism into Europe's universities shaped intellectual development.

Western christendom

split in 1054 C.E. on account of differences in church leadership, languages, religious images and the filioque. , formed into Protestantism & Roman Catholic split in 1054 C.E. on account of differences in church leadership, languages, religious images and the filioque.