CH. 11 - Powers of Congress

expressed

power of Foreign Relations

expressed

power of creating nationalization laws

expressed

power to borrow

expressed

power to coin money

expressed

power to declare war

expressed

power to establish post offices

expressed

power to manage the nation's debt

expressed

power to regulate commerce

expressed

power to regulate foreign and interstate trade ("power" is very vague) (i.e. setting minimum wage)

expressed

power to take public money for government use

expressed

power to tax

expressed

power to use taxes to pay for many public services that serve and protect citizens (i.e. schools, military, roads)

Implied Powers

powers that are 'suggested' in the constitution

expressed

regulating the worth of paper money

non-legislative

25th amendment - if a vacancy exists in the VP, the congress will approve the new nomination.

non-legislative

Constitutional Amendments

Natural Born

Born in US territory of on US owned property, or a US citizen

expressed

Judicial Powers

non-legislative

Approve treaties

Naturalized

Citizenship gained from another country

non-legislative

Congress proposes changes to the constitution with a ⅔ vote in both houses

implied

Creating national bank

expressed

Currency Power

War Powers

Declare war, raise and maintain an army and navy, call up militias (national guard), restrict non-war use of troops

Coining Money

Determining the types of currency to use and to make it (coins, bills)

Patents

Exclusive right to a person to manufacture, use, or sell any new inventions. (20 years.)

Copyright

Exclusive right to an author for the publication and resale of their work. (life plus 70 years.)

non-legislative

Executive Powers of the senate

Federalist Position

Favored a broad interpretation of the constitution, led by alexander hamilton

non-legislative

Impeachment process

non-legislative

Find if programs are being run properly

expressed

Fix the standard of weights and measures

non-legislative

Gather info for making laws

Territories

Guam, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands

Naval Bases

Guantanamo bay

non-legislative

If no candidate has a majority of the Electoral vote, the house elects the president and the senate elects the VP

Regulating the worth of paper money

In the past, they backed the bills with precious metals (silver, gold, etc) thus giving it value. Now that is not the case. Basically, you could (in theory) trade it in for certain amounts of silver or gold

non-legislative

Investigations

Bankruptcy

Legal proceeding in which the bankrupt person's assets are distributed among those to whom a debt is owed

expressed

Make Laws concerning Bankruptcy

implied

Necessary and Proper Clause

Debt

Owed by the federal government, but private citizens can buy some of it. Other countries can also buy it.

Indirect Taxes

Paid by one person and passed onto another (i.e. sales tax)

expressed

Power to acquire, manage, and dispose of various federal areas

Expressed Powers

Powers Specifically written out in the constitution

Naturalization

Process of becoming a US citizen

expressed

Promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts by securing exclusive Right to their respective writings and Discoveries.

non-legislative

Review effectiveness of laws

Power of Foreign Relations

Suggest foreign policy

Tarrifs

Taxes levied against imported goods to encourage the buying of American Made products

Non-Legislative Powers

Things congress does to help the country run smoother

expressed

all mail crimes are federal crimes (tampering with mail, use mail to commit fraud, damaging federal mailboxes)

Liberal Implied

Use often and energetically

expressed

Using money to finance projects that are not in the budget. There is no Constitutional ceiling on how much can be borrowed.

Fix the standard of weights and measures

allows for an accurate, uniform gauge of time, distance, area, weight, volume, etc. We use the english system

non-legislative

approve presidential appointments

impeach

bring charges against (done by the house)

expressed

congress sets up post offices (over 39,000 today)

expressed

create all courts below the supreme court

expressed

define federal crimes and punishments (Counterfeiting, piracy, offenses against other nations, treason)

expressed

established mail routes (including airways, railroads, and waterways)

Anti-Federalist Position

favored narrow, literal interpretation of the constitution, led by thomas jefferson

expressed

impeachment and removal of government officials

conviction

innocence or guilt

implied

military draft

implied

minimum wage

Inflation

more supply lessens the value

Strict Implied

only when absolutely necessary to carry out expressed powers

Direct Taxes

paid by the person they are levied against

Strict State

remain strong and keep most of the power

non-legislative

removing the president, VP and all civil officers of the fed govt.

Liberal State

restrained

Strict National

restrained and limited except for defense

Liberal National

strong and allowed to grow

Eminent Domain

the inherent power to take private property for public use

Senatorial Courtesy

the practice in which the Senate will turn down an appointment if it is opposed by a senator of the President's party from the State involved.

expressed

what can be legally carried in the mail