ch 12
Which of the following resources has enough supplies expected to last for at least 200 years? A. Coal B. Natural Gas C. Oil D. Uranium E. All four are expected to last at least 200 years.
A. Coal
Which of the following is NOT true regarding the seasonal and/or localized nature of energy use in the United States? A. Southern areas consume more energy in the winter months. B. Eastern and Midwestern states generate more electricity using coal. C. Northern areas consume more energy in the winter months. D. Western states generate electricity using a mixture that includes hydroelectric. E. Northeastern states generate electricity using a mixture that includes nuclear power.
A. Southern areas consume more energy in the winter months.
Which of the following represents the correct sequence of energy resource use as the United States progressed from the late 1800s to the 1950s? A. Wood, coal, oil, natural gas, hydroelectric B. Coal, hydroelectric, natural gas, oil, wood C. Wood, oil, natural gas, hydroelectric, coal D. Wood, coal, oil, natural gas, hydroelectric E. Coal, wood, hydroelectric, natural gas, oil
A. Wood, coal, oil, natural gas, hydroelectric
All of the following increase the incentive to invest in alternative energy resources EXCEPT: A. abundance of fossil fuels B. environmental impact of fossil fuels C. rising oil prices D. mining and extraction costs E. influence of CO2 on global climate change
A. abundance of fossil fuels
As countries become more developed, the demand for A. commercial energy sources increases. B. subsistence energy sources increases. C. nuclear energy sources decreases. D. commercial energy sources decreases. E. subsistence energy sources equals that for commercial energy sources.
A. commercial energy sources increases.
The environmental costs associated with CTL, liquefied coal, include all of the following EXCEPT A. lower greenhouse emissions than regular coal, but more than petroleum. B. large demand for water. C. large demand for energy needed to process coal. D. land degradation in the United States. E. trace metals released during combustion of CTL.
A. lower greenhouse emissions than regular coal, but more than petroleum.
The premise of a nuclear power plant is to use uranium A. pellets in the fuel rods to generate heat while using control rods to prevent a meltdown. B. fuel rods to generate heat while using control rods to prevent a meltdown. C. pellets in the control rods to regulate energy coming from the fuel rods. D. control rods to control the energy coming from the fuel rods. E. pellets in the fuel rods and the control rods to generate heat and use water to prevent a meltdown.
A. pellets in the fuel rods to generate heat while using control rods to prevent a meltdown.
Low level radioactive waste would include all of the following EXCEPT A. spent fuel rods. B. contaminated clothing. C. tools used in plant maintenance. D. rags used to clean water from the reactor. E. contaminated protective gear worn by workers.
A. spent fuel rods.
A public health issue related to the use of nuclear energy is A. thyroid cancer. B. asthma. C. cataracts. D. black lung. E. mercury poisoning.
A. thyroid cancer.
A combined cycle power plant has a greatly increased efficiency due to A. using the steam generated to turn a steam turbine and generate electricity. B. using a more efficient natural gas combustion gas turbine to generate electricity. C. using the steam generated for heating nearby buildings. D. using alternating fossil fuel sources. E. using a generator with dual capacities.
A. using the steam generated to turn a steam turbine and generate electricity.
An automobile that gets 40 mpg on a 200-mile trip uses what fraction of gasoline compared to an automobile that gets 20 mpg for the same trip? A. 1/4 the amount B. 1/2 the amount C. 1 1/4 the amount D. 1 1/2 the amount E. 2 times the amount
B. 1/2 the amount
The efficiency of the transfer of energy from a fuel to electricity is approximately A. 3%. B. 35%. C. 50%. D. 65%. E. 97%.
B. 35%.
The most damaging nuclear power plant accident occurred at A. Three Mile Island, USA. B. Chernobyl, Ukraine. C. Belleville, France. D. Lake Eerie, USA. E. Bhopal, India.
B. Chernobyl, Ukraine.
Which type of electricity generating power plant regularly releases toxic metals such as mercury and lead into the atmosphere? A. Nuclear power plant B. Coal-fired power plant C. Natural-gas-fired power plant D. Petroleum-fired power plant E. All of the above
B. Coal-fired power plant
Why is a gas water heater more energy efficient OVERALL than an electric water heater when the electricity comes from a coal-fired power plant? I. The electric water heater has a lower direct efficiency. II. The energy efficiency of the coal-fired power plant is low. III. Natural gas does not need to be transported. A. I only B. II only C. I and II only D. II and III only E. I, II, and III
B. II only
The energy expenditure value of traveling by car is 3.6 MJ/passenger-kilometer. The value for traveling by train is 1.1 MJ/passenger-kilometer. What would be the best way to increase the efficiency of traveling by car? A. Increase the gas mileage B. Increase the number of passengers C. Reduce the number of miles traveled D. Purchase a less expensive vehicle E. Use a different energy source
B. Increase the number of passengers
In the United States, which sector utilizes the most energy? A. Transportation B. Industry C. Domestic D. Exports E. Electricity generation
B. Industry
Which of the following resources consists mostly of CH4? A. Coal B. Natural gas C. Oil D. Uranium
B. Natural gas
Which of the following resources is the cleanest burning fossil fuel? A. Coal B. Natural gas C. Oil D. Uranium
B. Natural gas
The energy source that can provide the greatest amount of electricity generation in the United States due to its abundance is A. oil. B. coal. C. nuclear. D. hydroelectric. E. natural gas.
B. coal.
Energy intensity A. is the same as per capita energy use. B. is energy use per dollar of GDP C. has been leveling off. D. is described by the Hubbert Curve. E. is increasing because technology new technology is less efficient.
B. is energy use per dollar of GDP
If an average refrigerator uses 500 watts of energy per hour on a daily basis, and your energy cost is $0.11 per kwh, approximately how much does the energy used by the refrigerator cost per month? A. $1.30 B. $13 C. $40 D. $55 E. $132
C. $40
If ANWR (the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge) yields a projected peak amount of approximately 330 million gallons of oil a year and the United States uses roughly110 billion gallons of oil in one year, what percent of the oil used per year would be provided for by ANWR? A. 0.003% B. 0.03% C. 0.3% D. 3.0% E. 30%
C. 0.3%
If the capacity of a power plant is 1000 MW and its capacity factor is 0.9, how much energy in MWh can the power plant produce in 1 day? A. 27,000 MWh B. 26,700 MWh C. 21,600 MWh D. 9000 MWh E. 2160 MWh
C. 21,600 MWh
The energy expenditure value of traveling by car is 3.6 MJ/passenger-kilometer. For one person making a trip of 1000 km, if a gallon of gasoline contains 120 MJ, approximately how many gallons of gasoline would be required? A. 3 B. 9 C. 30 D. 60 E. 90
C. 30
In the use of coal to produce energy, which of the following does NOT decrease the energy efficiency of the process? A. Extracting the coal from the ground B. Waste heat C. Cogeneration D. Energy required to build the power plant E. The removal of the waste products
C. Cogeneration
The primary use of petroleum products is for A. production of kerosene as a fuel source. B. extraction of tar and asphalt. C. gasoline for transportation. D. production of petrochemicals needed for industry. E. production of plastics.
C. gasoline for transportation.
When supplies of a particular energy type are finite, it is known as a A. renewable resource. B. potentially renewable resource. C. nonrenewable resource. D. nondepletable resource. E. perpetual resource.
C. nonrenewable resource.
Environmental costs associated with the use of coal include all of the following EXCEPT A. particulates that are released into the atmosphere when coal is burned. B. degradation to land due to mining techniques. C. the creation of highly radioactive waste. D. trace metals found in coal. E. the transportation of coal from mine to power plant.
C. the creation of highly radioactive waste.
End users of electricity receive their electricity by way of interconnected transmission lines known as A. the power grid. B. the cogeneration grid. C. the electrical grid. D. the turbine network. E. the energy network.
C. the electrical grid.
Environmental costs associated with natural gas include all of the following EXCEPT A. pipelines built through environmentally sensitive areas. B. the release of methane into the atmosphere. C. trace metals released during combustion. D. groundwater contamination. E. degradation of the land due to drilling techniques.
C. trace metals released during combustion.
A sample of U-235 has a half-life of 700 million years. What fraction of the parent material will remain after 2800 million years? A. 1/2 B. 1/4 C. 1/8 D. 1/16 E. 1/32
D. 1/16
Stronitum-90 has a half-life of 29 years. If a site held 2000 kg of this isotope, approximately what mass of strontium-90 would be left after 116 years? A. 250 kg B. 1000 kg C. 300 kg D. 125 kg E. 500 kg
D. 125 kg
The United States imports approximately what percent of its energy needs? A. 3% B. 10% C. 23% D. 30% E. 40%
D. 30%
64. For how many half-lives do spent fuel rods remain a threat to human health? A. At least 2 B. At least 5 C. At least 8 D. At least 10 E. Once they are spent, fuel rods are no longer dangerous.
D. At least 10
The countries with large commercial uranium mining operations are A. France, Australia, and the United States. B. Russia, Canada, and the United States. C. Australia, Canada, and France. D. Australia, the United States, and Canada. E. Canada, France, and Russia.
D. Australia, the United States, and Canada.
Reasons for which petroleum is the chosen fuel for transportation in the United States include I. its energy value per unit volume. II. its ability to quickly start or stop providing energy. III. its low amount of pollution produced per Joule. A. I only B. II only C. III only D. I and II only E. I, II, and III
D. I and II only
Which of the following energy sources is considered nonrenewable? I. Wind II. Nuclear fuels III. Fossil fuels A. I only B. II only C. I and II only D. II and III only E. I, II, and III
D. II and III only
Which of the following is considered to be a subsistence energy source? I. Coal II. Charcoal III. Wood A. I only B. III only C. I and III only D. II and III only E. I, II, and III
D. II and III only
The energy expenditure value of traveling by car is 3.6 MJ/passenger-kilometer. The value for traveling by train is 1.1 MJ/passenger-kilometer. For one person making a trip of 1000 km, the train is A. approximately 1/3 more efficient. B. not at all more efficient. C. approximately 2 times more efficient. D. approximately 3 times more efficient. E. approximately 30 times more efficient.
D. approximately 3 times more efficient.
The present-held idea of what best to do with radioactive waste from nuclear power plants involves A. storing the waste on site. B. containing the waste in drums and storing them on the ocean floor. C. sending the radioactive waste into space on a rocket. D. storing the waste in a geologically stable site away from human habitation. E. containing the waste in drums and bury them in an ocean trench away from any coastlines.
D. storing the waste in a geologically stable site away from human habitation.
The countries currently producing the largest amounts of coal are A. Canada, the United States, and China. B. China, India, and Canada. C. the United States, Canada, and India. D. the United States, India, and China. E. Russia, India, and China.
D. the United States, India, and China.
The disadvantages of using nuclear energy include all of the following EXCEPT A. radioactive waste disposal. B. reactor accidents. C. the possibility of using radioactive fuels in weapons. D. the amount of CO2 released by the reactors. E. the mining of uranium.
D. the amount of CO2 released by the reactors.
The advantages of harnessing energy derived from nuclear fusion are all of these EXCEPT A. an immense amount of heat energy is generated. B. a minute source (quantity) of raw material is required for the reaction. C. no greenhouse gases are emitted during energy production. D. the current energy input is smaller than the energy output. E. relatively small amounts of radioactive waste are produced.
D. the current energy input is smaller than the energy output.
Conventional fossil fuel energy resources include all of the following EXCEPT A. coal. B. oil. C. natural gas. D. uranium. E. All of the above
D. uranium
In order to increase the efficiency of a power plant, cogeneration may be utilized by A. using alternating fuel sources to generate electricity. B. connecting one power line grid to another grid. C. using two fuel sources simultaneously to generate electricity. D. using the steam generated as a thermal energy source. E. doubling the capacity of the plant.
D. using the steam generated as a thermal energy source.
The countries with the largest supplies of coal are A. China, Indonesia, the United States, and India. B. India, Brazil, Russia, and China. C. Russia, Indonesia, China, and Brazil. D. Canada, South Africa, and Russia. E. China, the United States, Russia, and India.
E. China, the United States, Russia, and India.
The fossil fuel(s) that pose risks to the environment include I. coal. II. natural gas. III. petroleum. A. I only B. II and III only C. I and III only D. I and II only E. I, II, and III
E. I, II, and III
The major petroleum-producing countries of the world in order from greatest amount to least amount are A. Saudi Arabia, Canada, and China. B. Saudi Arabia, the United States, and Mexico C. the United States, Russia, and Saudi Arabia. D. the United States, Canada, and Saudi Arabia. E. Saudi Arabia, Russia, and the United States.
E. Saudi Arabia, Russia, and the United States.
All of the following are reasons why coal is so widely used around the world EXCEPT A. resources are relatively easy to exploit. B. coal needs little refining. C. coal is easily transported. D. coal is plentiful. E. coal has a low energy density.
E. coal has a low energy density.
The conventional fossil fuel resource that the world as a whole has the largest supply of is A. biomass. B. natural gas. C. uranium. D. oil. E. coal.
E. coal.
Uranium-235 is considered ideal for nuclear reactors due to A. its wide distribution as a resource. B. its stable nature as an isotope. C. its high EROEI. D. its minimal production of radioactive waste. E. its fissionability.
E. its fissionability.
The order of grades of coal from lowest energy content to highest energy content is A. anthracite, lignite, sub-bituminous, bituminous. B. anthracite, sub-bituminous, bituminous, lignite. C. sub-bituminous, bituminous, lignite, anthracite. D. sub-bituminous, bituminous lignite, anthracite. E. lignite, sub-bituminous, bituminous anthracite.
E. lignite, sub-bituminous, bituminous, anthracite.
Environmental costs associated with the use of oil include all of the following EXCEPT A. oil leaking from pipes or wells. B. transporting oil around the world. C. trace metals that are released during combustion. D. waste oil that is either accidentally or deliberately released into the environment. E. the United States' dependency on foreign oil.
E. the United States' dependency on foreign oil.
Identify the energy source from the list below that is nonrenewable and does not contribute significantly to greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. A. wind B. solar C. geothermal D. hydroelectric E. uranium
E. uranium
