Ch. 12 Sections 12.03-12.05

Pon

(Bridge) chiefly composed of the conduction tracts. They are oriented in two different directions: -deep projection fibers run longitudinally between higher brain centers and the spinal cord. -The more superficial ventral fibers are oriented transversely and dorsally. They form the middle cerebellar peduncles and connect the pons bilaterally with the two sides of the cerebellum dorsally These fibers issue from numerous pontine nuclei, which relay "conversations" between the motor cortex and cerebellum.

Match the area with the appropriate function: Epithalamus

Associated with the pineal gland; secretes melatonin to induce sleep

Match the area of the brain with the appropriate function: Reticular formation

Keeps the cerebral cortex alert and conscious and enhances its excitability

Which of the following regions acts as an autonomic reflex center of the brain?

Medulla oblongata

Which of the following functions is not associated with the midbrain?

Sleep induction via melatonin

Which of the indicated areas are relay nuclei in some descending motor pathways that cause limb flexion?

b

Which area of the brain would be responsible for sleep-wake cycle?

b pineal gland or body. The pineal gland secretes the hormone melatonin

Which of the indicated areas are important for relaying information from motor cortex to skeletal muscles?

d

Which of the following is not a function of the hypothalamus?

sort incoming information

Artificial stimulation of which area has been shown to be a clinical method to elicit pain suppression?

A; periaqueductal gray matter

Match the area with the appropriate function: Medulla oblongata

An autonomic reflex center involved in maintaining body homeostasis (cardiovascular center; respiratory centers; centers for sneezing, vomiting, hiccupping, swallowing, and coughing)

Which center is not located in the hypothalamus?

Center for central balance

Match the area with the appropriate function: Pons

Contains nuclei that are part of the reticular formation and some that help the medulla oblongata maintain the normal rhythm of breathing

Which of these is not a function of the pons?

Is the site where 10 of 12 cranial nerves exit the brain (the pons: Is a major pathway between the cerebellum and the motor cortex; plays a role in regulating the normal pattern of breathing; Is a major pathway between the higher brain center and spinal cord; nuclei are part of the reticular function

Which area of the brain is most involved in maintaining the body's homeostasis?

Hypothalamus

Which of the following areas regulates body temperature, food intake, and endocrine functions?

Hypothalamus

Which of the following is incorrect with regards to inputs to the thalamus?

Inputs from the anterior association areas that regulate working memory for object-recall tasks

Match the area of the brain with the appropriate function: Cerebellum

Provides precise timing and appropriate patterns of skeletal muscle contraction, allowing smooth coordinated movements and agility

The major role of the thalamus is to __________.

Sort out and edit incoming information

Match the area with the appropriate function: Thalamus

Sorts and "edits" information from sensory areas ascending to the cerebral cortex

Which of the indicated areas have been implicated in Parkinson's disease?

Substaina nigri

Which of the following is false with regard to the brain stem?

The brain stem is another name for the medulla oblongata.

If deafness is caused by a lesion in the auditory cortex, rather than in the eardrum or the nerve carrying sensory information to the auditory cortex, the person may be startled by loud noises due to the action of what structure?

The inferior colliculi

Those with damage to vision due to lesions of visual cortex may still be able to reflexively follow a laser shined on a wall. This ability would be due to what area of the brain?

The superior colliculi

In cases where CSF fluid is depleted, the brain will lose its flotation and the underside of the brain will rest on the base of the skull. What structures may be damaged and what would be the behavioral effect?

The pituitary may be damaged and this would affect water balance as well as many other functions controlled by the pituitary.

cranial nerves that pair from pontine nuclei

trigeminal abducens and facial nerves