ch. 12: the skeletal system (smartbook notes)
Select all of the following that describe yellow bone marrow.
fat storage and an energy reserve
the bottom of which bone is removed during knee replacement surgery?
femur
identify all of the bones associated with knee replacement surgery
femur, patella, and tibia
Rank the four steps of bone repair according to the order in which they would occur following a fracture (start with the first step at the TOP).
1. hematoma 2. fibrocartilaginous callus 3. bony callus 4. remodeling
a human normally has how many vertebrae?
33
In order to provide more strength and resilience, the human vertebral column normally has how many curvatures?
4
The bones of the pectoral and pelvic girdles and their attached limbs make up the part of the human skeleton called the __________ skeleton.
appendicular
two main types of connective tissues that make up the skeletal system
bone and cartilage
What process regulates calcium levels in the blood?
bone recycling
Select all components of the appendicular skeleton.
bones of the arms and legs, pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle
what does the skull protect?
brain
Select the three types of joints between bones.
cartilaginous, synovial, and fibrous
What is the diaphysis of a long bone?
central shaft
The pelvis is composed of which bones?
coccyx, sacrum, and pelvic girdle
the periosteum of a long bone ...
completely covers the bone, except on the ends
match three long bone areas labeled A, B, and C with their correct names
epiphysis, metaphysis, and diaphysis
The synovial joint action that opposes 'extension' of a joint is called
flexion
what does the ribcage protect?
heart and lungs
A chemical messenger produced in one place in the body and acting on another is a
hormone
what bone serves to anchor the tongue and muscles used for swallowing?
hyoid bone
select all the axial skeleton components
hyoid bone, skull, vertebral column, and rib cage
There are three basic types of __________, or articulations between bones: fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial.
joints
what are lecunae?
openings or chambers in compact bone
the tubular units that compose compact bone are called
osteons
What part of the appendicular skeleton is specialized for strength over flexibility?
pelvic girdle and lower limbs
which of the following are functions of the human skeletal system?
protects internal organs, produces blood cells, and stores necessary minerals
The two types of bone marrow are ______ bone marrow and ______ bone marrow.
red ; yellow
spaces in spongy bone are filled with
red bone marrow
select the bones that make up each pectoral girdle
scapula and clavicle
what does vertebrae protect?
spinal cord
Select all of the following that are components of the thoracic (rib) cage.
sternum, thoracic vertebrae, and ribs
The hyoid bone indirectly attaches to what two structures?
temporal bone and larynx
What are trabeculae?
thin plates in spongy bone
the rib cage is also called the _______ cage
thoracic