CH 15

B

1. The form and topography (depth profile) of the ocean floor is termed . A. orogeny B. bathymetry C. allocthony D. aquitopography

B

10 . The most prominent force inducing tides on Earth is the . A. Sun's gravitational pull B. Moon's gravitational pull C. electromagnetic attraction between Earth and the Sun D. gravitational attraction between ocean waters and the continents on Earth

B

11. When high tide occurs at any single shoreline, that means it is also high tide at all other coasts throughout the world. A. true B. false

B

12. When ocean waves propagate in an open ocean, water molecules (or particles) also propagate to the direction of the waves. A. true B. false

A

13. As waves approach shore in shallow water, their speed . A. increases B. decreases

A

14. Wave crest . A. refract (bend) so as to impact the shore in a nearly parallel manner B. refract so as to impact the shore nearly perpendicular to the shoreline C. reflect directly backward from the angle at which they approached the shoreline D. are reflected off the shoreline, but never refract

B

15. Because of wave refraction, erosion along an irregular coastline is . A. even along the length of the coast B. greatest in headlands (points of land projected out toward the sea) C. greatest in bays

B

16. Rip currents flow . A. directly toward the shoreline B. directly away from the shoreline C. parallel to the shoreline

C

17. Longshore currents flow . A. directly toward the shoreline B. directly away from the shoreline C. parallel to the shoreline

C

18. Which of the following is NOT a coastal landform? A. beach B. tidal flat C. continental shelf D. coastal wetland E. coral reef

B

19. Which of the following causes shorelines to move landward? A. Sediment is supplied more than eroded. B. Sediment is supplied less than eroded. C. Land rises. D. Sea level drops.

C

2. Approximately what percentage of Earth's surface is covered with water? A. 30% B. 50% C. 70% D. 85%

C

20. Sand groins . A. have solved the problem of beach drift B. increase erosion rates in the region upcurrent from the groin C. increase erosion rates in the region downcurrent from the groin D. increase depositional rates in the region downcurrent from the groin

B

3. Compared to continental lithosphere, oceanic lithosphere is . A. thicker B. thinner C. approximately the same thickness

C

4. The shallowest portion of the ocean is found along the margins of continents in regions termed . A. abyssal plains B. continental rises C. continental shelves D. continental slopes

D

5. The deepest segments of the ocean floor are found . A. long mid-ocean ridges B. in the geographic centers of abyssal plains C. in trenches associated with passive margins D. in trenches associated with subduction zones

B

6. What percentage of seawater, on average, consists of dissolved salt ions? A. 1.5% B. 3.5% C. 5.5% D. 6.5%

B

7. The density of seawater increases with . A. increasing temperature and increasing salinity B. decreasing temperature and increasing salinity C. increasing temperature and decreasing salinity D. decreasing temperature and decreasing salinity

D

8. Global circulation of ocean water is influenced by . A. surface winds B. coastal upwelling and downwelling C. sinking of cold and saline water D. All of the above.

A

9. Which type of continental coastline has a much broader continental shelf? A. passive continental margins B. active continental margins