Ch. 17

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Calculate the end-systolic volume (ESV) if the end-diastolic volume (EDV) in a resting heart is 110 ml and the stoke volume (SV) is 70 ml.

40 ml EDV-ESV=SV

How much blood is pumped from each ventricle during the ventricular ejection phase?

70 ml

Which chemical messenger decreases heart rate?

Acetylcholine

Which hormone decreases cardiac output by decreasing blood volume and preload?

Atrial natriuretic peptide

What largely determines preload?

End-diastolic volume (EDV)

A damaged atrioventricular (AV) bundle or AV node will primarily affect the length of the _________

P-R interval

During what part of the action potential will calcium ions enter the contractile cell?

Plateau phase

What is the function of the valves in the heart?

Prevent backflow of blood through the heart

Which vessel is guarded by a semilunar valve at its base?

Pulmonary trunk

Which of the following vessels carries oxygenated blood?

Pulmonary vein

What vessels deliver oxygenated blood to the left atrium?

Pulmonary veins

Which EKG finding can be used to measure heart rate?

R-R interval

What valve presents the backflow of blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium?

Right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid valve)

What normally serves as the pacemaker of the entire heart?

Sinoatrial (SA) node

What two values are needed to calculate cardiac output (CO) for a ventricle?

Stroke volume (SV) and heart rate (HR)

The P wave on an ECG represents the depolarization of cells in the ___________

atria

Autorhythmicity in the heart is the responsibility of _________

cardiac pacemaker cells

Inotropic agents affect _________

contractility

The right side of the heart receives _______________

deoxygenated blood from the systemic circuit

The visceral pericardium is the same as the _________

epicardium

High-pressured blood in the ventricles ___________

forces the semilunar valves to open

The degree of stretch experienced by the sarcomeres in the ventricle cells before they contract is called

preload

The right and left atria depolarize and contract following the arrival of the action potential from the __________

sinoatrial node SA

Blood in the right atrium should travel next pass the __________

tricuspid valve and into the right ventricle

Both the left and right atria receive blood from _________

veins


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