Ch 17 Blood
The average life span of a red blood cell is
4 months
A typical adult hematocrit is
45
What is the average normal pH range of blood?
7.35-7.45
When a person who lives at sea level vacations in the Rocky Mountains, you would expect
All are correct
________ is a condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced.
Anemia
Bill wants to determine his blood type, so he takes a few drops of blood from a puncture wound in his finger and mixes it with various antisera. His blood cells agglutinate when mixed with the anti-A sera but not with the anti-B or anti-D sera. This means
Bill's plasma contains B antibodies.
A condition of leukocytosis indicates over 11,000 white blood cells per cubic millimeter in the blood.
T
A person with type B blood could receive blood from a person with either type B or type O blood.
T
All lymphocytes are leukocytes, but not all leukocytes are lymphocytes.
T
Each heme contains an atom of iron and can transport one molecule of oxygen
T
Granulocytes called neutrophils are phagocytic and are the most numerous of all white blood cell types.
T
Hemorrhagic anemias result from blood loss.
T
Leukopenia is an abnormally low number of leukocytes.
T
White blood cells are produced through the action of colony-stimulating factors.
T
Which of the following statements concerning red blood cells is false?
None, all the above statements are true.
When neither anti-A sera nor anti-B sera clot on a blood plate with donor blood, the blood is type ________.
O
Type AB blood has which of the following characteristics:
RBCs have both the A & B surface antigens and no ABO plasma antibodies.
Select the correct statement regarding blood cell formation
Red marrow is the main site of blood cell formation throughout adult life.
Which type of leukocyte contains heparin, an anticoagulant:
basophil
White blood cells that release histamine at the site of an injury are
basophils
The function of hemoglobin is to
carry dissolved blood gases.
The process of fibrinolysis
dissolves clots.
White blood cells that are increased in allergic individuals are the
eosinophils.
Which one of the following formed elements is the most abundant:
erythrocytes
Hematocrit is the percentage of:
erythrocytes in blood
The process of red blood cell production is called
erythropoiesis.
The hormone that regulates the rate of erythrocyte production is called:
erythropoietin
Red blood cell production is regulated by which hormone
erythropoietin.
Which of these proteins functions to store or transport iron?
ferritin, hemosiderin, and transferrin
A plasma protein essential for blood coagulation is
fibrinogen
Which of the following is not a phase of hemostasis?
fibrinolysis
Each hemoglobin molecule contains
four iron atoms.
Which of these descriptions best matches the term B lymphocytes?
give rise to antibody producing plasma cells
The percent fraction of formed elements relative to whole blood is the
hematocrit.
The waste product bilirubin is produced from
heme molecules lacking iron.
More than 95 percent of the protein in a red blood cell is
hemoglobin.
Mary is tested for the amount of hemoglobin in her blood. The test results indicate that her hemoglobin level is 16 g/dL of blood. This value indicates that
her hemoglobin level is normal.
In a centrifuged blood sample, the buffy coat between the formed elements and the plasma contains:
leukocytes and platelets
Which organ secretes most of the plasma proteins?
liver
All of the following can be expected with polycythemia except ________.
low blood viscosity
In which of the following situations would you expect the blood level of bilirubin to be elevated?
low blood volume (WRONG ANSWER)
Platelets are fragments of multinucleate cells called:
megakaryocytes
Platelets are pinched off from giant multinucleated cells in the bone marrow called
megakaryocytes.
As red blood cells age ________.
membranes "wear out" and the cells become damaged
No visible cytoplasmic granules are present in ________.
monocytes
________ are the leave the bloodstream to become macrophages.
monocytes
Which of the following combinations may result in the hemolytic disease of the newborn:
mother Rh negative, baby Rh positive
The most numerous WBCs in a differential count of a healthy individual are
neurtrophils
During a bacterial infection you would expect to see increased numbers of
neutrophils
The most numerous white blood cells in peripheral circulation are the
neutrophils
Erythropoeitin is a hormone produced by the kidneys in response to low levels of:
oxygen
A lack of intrinsic factor, leading to a deficiency of vitamin B12 and large pale cells called macrocytes, is characteristic of ________.
pernicious anemia
The matrix of blood is called:
plasma
The enzyme that can digest fibrin and dissolve a clot is
plasmin
Which of the choices below is the parent cell for all formed elements of blood?
pluripotent stem cell (hemocytoblast)
An individual who is blood type AB negative can ________.
receive any blood type in moderate amounts except that with the Rh antigen
All the circulating red blood cells in an adult originate in the
red bone marrow
Erythropoiesis takes place in
red bone marrow
Granulocytes form in
red bone marrow
Aged and damaged erythrocytes are broken down by macrophages in the
spleen, liver, and bone marrow.
Platelets ________.
stick to the damaged area of a blood vessel and help seal the break
Which one of the following is NOT a physical characteristic of blood:
sweet tasting
Most of the protein factors that are required for clotting are synthesized by
the liver
Eileen is a strict vegan and therefore eats no animal products. She develops an anemia that her doctor thinks is caused by a nutritional deficiency. Which of the following is the likeliest candidate?
iron deficiency (WRONG ANSWER)
What organ in the body regulates erythrocyte production?
kidney
Erythrocytes:
lack a nucleus and most organelles
Which of the following is not true of neutrophils?
less abundant than lymphocytes
Basophils increase in number when parasitic invasion occurs.
F
Diapedesis is the process by which red blood cells move into tissue spaces from the interior of blood capillaries.
F
Each hemoglobin molecule can transport two molecules of oxygen.
F
Hemoglobin is made up of the protein heme and the red pigment globin.
F
The RBC "graveyard" is the liver.
F
The immediate response to blood vessel injury is clotting.
F
Fred's blood was determined to be AB positive. What does this mean?
There are no antibodies to A, to B, or to Rh antigens in the plasma.
Leukemia refers to cancerous conditions of white blood cells.
True
The disease sickle cell anemia is an example of what can happen if
a gene for adult hemoglobin is abnormal.
Antigens of the surface of red blood cells are also called ________ and antibodies in the blood plasma are also called ________.
agglutinogens; agglutinins
The most abundant plasma protein is ________.
albumin
The most abundant proteins in blood plasma are
albumins.
Which of the following is true of basophils?
all answers are true
Which of the following is a function of the blood?
all are true
Which of these is not one of the formed elements of blood?
antibodies
The function of red blood cells is to
carry oxygen to the cells and then carry away carbon dioxide.
________ involves a cascade of reactions leading to the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin.
coagulation
Which of these descriptions best matches the term colony stimulating factor?
hormone that regulates blood cell formation
Which of the following might trigger erythropoiesis?
hypoxia of EPO-producing cells
When can erythroblastosis fetalis not possibly happen in the child of an Rh negative mother?
if the father is Rh-
The function of platelets is to assist in the
immune response during an infection. (WRONG ANSWER)
All of the following are true of neutrophils, except that they are
important in coagulation.
Thromboembolic disorders ________.
include embolus formation, a clot moving within the circulatory system
Complications of aplastic anemia generally do not include ________.
increase of leukocytes as a result of erythrocyte loss
Pernicious anemia caused by a lack of intrinsic factor is specifically treated by
injections of vitamin B12.
Each heme ring in hemoglobin encloses an atom of
iron
A person with a low platelet count is suffering from
thrombocytopenia.
Which of these is not a normal plasma protein?
thromboplastin
A moving blood clot is called a(n)
thrombus. (WRONG ANSWER)
Which one of the following represents the proper sequence of hemostasis:
vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, coagulation
Each of the following is a characteristic of whole blood, except a
viscosity about the same as water.
The most abundant component of plasma is
water
James has a hemoglobin measurement of 16 g/100 ml blood. This is ________.
within the normal range
