Ch 18 Ecology

A(n) population is

A group of individuals of the same species living in a particular geographic area

What level of ecology is concerned with the adaptations of individuals A. Ecosystem B. Organismal C. Community D. Populations

B. Organismal

_________ is the science that studies the interactions between organisms and their enviornments A. Natural selection B. Discovery science C. Ecology D. Population genetics

C. Ecology

A Community is _____- A) a community as well as all the abiotic factors in a particular geographic area B) a group of organisms living in a particular geographic area C) a group of organisms of the same species living in a particular geographic area D) all of the organisms of a species existing at a particular time

B) a group of organisms living in a particular geographic area

Which of the following is a anatomical response response to environmental variability? A)acclimation B) migrating to a different location C) "flagging" by trees D) endothermy

B) migrating to a different location

A student decides to take up jogging to improve her aerobic capacity. During the first few weeks of exercise, she is only able to jog for about one and a half miles before tiring. However, after three months, she is able to jog four miles with ease. This physiological change is an example of A. Abiotic interactions B. Acclimation C. Short-term physiological response D. Evolutionary adaptation

B. Acclimation

Compared to average temperatures recorded from 1951-1980, the greatest temperature increases for 2000-2009 were seen near the equator. A. Supported B. Not supported C. Cannot be determined

B. Not supported

What level of ecology is concerned with groups of individuals of the same species? A. Organism B. Population C. Ecosystem D. Community

B. Population

What colors represent areas where a warming trend was recorded during 2000-2009 relative to average temperatures in 1951-1980 A. The darker shades of blue B. Yellow, orange, and red C. The lighter shades of blue D. All of the colors

B. Yellow, orange, and red

Blooming at night is a

Behavioral adaptation that allows cacti to exploit pollinators that are active only at night

C4 metabolism is a

Physiological adaptation related to carbon dioxide uptake and water conservation

Population includes

The individuals of one species in one place that presumably interact, use the same resources, and live under the same enviromental conditions.

Being inactive during the day, the desert owl

avoids the worst of the desert heat

The skin and kidneys of horned lizards exhibit anatomical and physiological adaptations to the hot and dry desert environment. Moving to the shade when they get too hot is a

behavioral adaptation

In the oceans, global warming has ________. made the water more basic benefited corals made the water more acidic decreased the amount of oxygen available

made the water more acidic

Abiotic factors are

nonliving factors that make up an environment

"Biotic" refers to

the bacteria and other living components of an environment

Switching from fossil fuels to __________ energy would significantly decrease the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. A. Solar B. Nuclear C. Geothermal D. Solar and geothermal E. Solar, nuclear, and geothermal

E. Solar, nuclear, and geothermal

The greenhouse effect causes an increase in global temperatures. This increase is due primarily to ________. A) CO2 and other greenhouse gases slowing the escape of UV radiation from Earth B) CO2 and other greenhouse gases slowing the escape of heat from Earth C) the loss of ozone that trapped cooling UV radiation in the atmosphere D) CO2 and other greenhouse gases allowing more solar radiation to penetrate Earth's surface

A) CO2 and other greenhouse gases slowing the escape of UV radiation from Earth

Which of these is a biotic component of an environment? A. Bacteria on the surface of your skin B. Light C. The availability of water D.The mineral supplements you consume E. The temperature where you live

A. Bacteria on the surface of your skin

If you study how two species of finches compete for food, you are trying to answer a question about _______ A. Community ecology B. Population ecology C. Organismal ecology D. Ecosystems ecology

A. Community ecology

Ecology is the study of _______ A. Interactions between organisms and their enviornments B. Interactions between humans and other species C. Human effects on the enviornments D. Life

A. Interactions between organisms and their environments

Compared to average temperatures from 1951-1980, the greatest temperature increases for 2000-2009 were recorded north of 60 degrees latitiude A. Supported B. Not Supported C. Cannot be determined

A. Supported

Warming was greater over land than over the oceans A. Supported B. Not Supported C. Cannot be determined

A. Supported

The definition of your carbon footprint is ____ A. The amount of greenhouse gas emitted as a result of your actions B. The amount of gasoline you use in one year C. The amount of material you add to the landfill D. The list of ways you have to reduce your production of greenhouse gases

A. The amount of greenhouse gas emitted as a result of your actions

What color represents areas in which temperatures from 2000-2009 were the same temperatures from 1951-1980? A. White B. Yellow C. None D. Light blue

A. White

A(n) organism is

An individual living thing, such as a plant, an animal, or a bacterium

The environment includes

Both living and nonliving parts

The carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere is increasing as a result of

Burning of fossil fuels and wood

An effect of deforestation has been to ________. A) decrease the rate of carbon dioxide production through cellular respiration B) decrease the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere C) increase the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere D) increase the rate at which carbon dioxide is incorporated into organic material

C) increase the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

What is a population? A. A community as well as all the abiotic factors in a particular area B> A group of organisms living in a particular geographic area C. A group of organisms of the same species living in a particular geographic area D. All of the organisms of a species existing at a particular time

C. A group of organisms of the same species living in a particular geographic area

Which of the following is a population? A. All the coyotes on Earth B. A spider and the fly it is about to eat C. All the redwood trees that live in a particular forest D. All the plants that live near each other in forest

C. All the redwood trees that live in a particular forest

What region of the Southern Hemisphere experienced the most warming? A. Australia B. South America C. Antarctic Peninsula D. Arctic Ocean

C. Antarctic Peninsula

Temperature during the decade 2000-2009 have been higher than during any decade in the previous century. A. Supported B. Not supported C. Cannot be determined

C. Cannot be determined

Which of the following is NOT a cause of increasing CO2 levels? A. Production of manufactured goods B. home energy use C. Creating compost piles from vegetable waste D. Burning of fossil fuels

C. Creating compost piles from vegetable waste

What level of ecology is concerned with both biotic and abiotic aspects of an enviornment? A. Population B. Community C. Ecosystem D. Organism

C. Ecosystem

Ecologists investigated the effect of climate change on European butterflies. They had noticed that butterflies are sensitive to temperature, and they speculated that the ranges of butterflies may have changed as a result of recent changes in the average temperatures in Europe, which have risen 0.8 degree Celsius during the 1900s. When they analyzed records kept from 1976 to the present, they found that more than 60% of butterfly species moved their range north. Which of the following is a scientific observation? A. Butterfly species that can adapt and establish new populations to the north of their former ranges will thrive, while butterfly species that rely on specific habitats may eventually die out. B. Butterfly range boundaries are shifting in line with the warming trend. C. The average temperature in Europe has risen, and butterflies are sensitive to temperature change. D. Have the ranges of butterflies changed in response to temperature changes?

C. The average temperature in Europe has risen, and butterflies are sensitive to temperature change

Horned lizards are desert animals that are active during the day. Their skin and kidneys are efficient at conserving water; when they get hot, they move to the shade so they can cool off. This describes ______ adaptation to the hot and dry desert. A. anatomical B. behavioral C. Physiological D. behavioral and physiological E. Anatomical, behavioral, and physiological

E. Anatomical, behavioral, and physiological

Trees remove

Carbon Dioxide from the atmosphere, thus reducing the greenhouse effect

Which of the following is an example of an evolutionary adaptation? A. On a cold day a troop of snow monkeys (Japanese macaques) gather in hot springs for warmth. B. A dog that rarely barks is boarded in a kennel with other dogs for a month, and when he comes home, he barks at the slightest noise. C. Elephants typically live in herds that are led by a female (the matriarch). The matriarch not only leads the herd but also teaches the youngsters where and how to find food and water. Young elephants are unable to find food on their own if they are separated from the herd. D. A portion of a forest burns in a forest fire. As a species of beetles starts to recolonize the area, the lighter-colored individuals in the population are much more visible against the burned bark compared to darker individuals. These lighter individuals are eaten by bird predators at a high rate. After two generations, most of the beetles are darker in color.

D. A portion of a forest burns in a forest fire. As a species of beetles starts to recolonize the area, the lighter-colored individuals in the population are much more visible against the burned bark compared to darker individuals. These lighter individuals are eaten by bird predators at a high rate. After two generations, most of the beetles are darker in color.

All organism's environment consists of A. Nonliving factors such as temperature and chemicals B. Climate C. Other living organisms D. Abiotic and biotic factors

D. Abiotic and biotic factors

Which of these is a community? A. All of the people living in your neighborhood B. All of the Staphylococcus aureus C. All of the nut grass in your backyard D. All of the organisms living in your home

D. All of the organisms living in your home

Desert owls are inactive during the day and active at night. They also have small bodies. This describes __________ adaptation to the hot and dry desert A. Anatomical B. Behavioral C. Physiological D. Anatomical and behavioral E. Anatomical, behavioral, and physiological

D. Anatomical and behavioral

The only cooling trend on land was recorded in parts of A. Europe B. North America C. Asia D. Antarctica

D. Antarctica

Cacti are desert plants with C4 metabolism. In addition, cacti bloom at night. This describes __________ adaptation to the hot and dry desert A. Anatomical B. Behavioral C. Physiological D. Behavioral and physiological E. Anatomical, behavioral, and physiological

D. Behavioral and physiological

The dominant greenhouse gas is A. N2 B. O2 C. sulfur oxides D. Carbon dioxide

D. Carbon dioxide

What level of ecology is concerned with groups of individuals of different species? A. Ecosystem B. Population C. Organism D. Community

D. Community

Which of these would NOT contribute to a global increase in temperature? A. Deforestation B. Increasing the industrial release of carbon dioxide C. Increasing the industrial release of carbon dioxide D. Planting trees E. Increasing the amount of animal life on Earth

D. Planting trees

Biotic factors are

Factors are living factors that make up an environment

Ecology is the study of

Interactions between organisms and their environment

Ecology is the

Scientific study of interactions between organisms and their enviornment

A(n) ecosystem consists of

all of the abiotic and biotic factors in an area

A(n) community consists of

all of the organisms that live in the same area at the same time