Ch 2 prep-u for Principles
Who is considered to be the first nursing theorist who conceptualized nursing in therms if manipulating the environment?
Florence Nightingale
A nursing theorist examines a hospital environment by studying each ward and how it works individually, and then relates this information to the hospital as a whole working entity. This is an example of the use of which theory?
General Systems Theory
Which theory emphasizes the relationships between the whole and the parts, and describes how parts function and behave?
General Systems Theory
Which activity best helps the nurse apply theory to practice?
evidence-based research
One of the primary reasons for conducting nursing research is to:
generate knowledge to guide practice.
Conceptual framework is defined as:
A set of concepts and propositions
A nurse is preparing to conduct a research study and uses the PICO format to develop the foreground question which is: "In adults, does reducing salt intake, compared to no change in salt intake, lower blood pressure?" The nurse identifies the "P" as:
Adults
A nurse who works in a pediatric practice assesses the developmental level of children of various ages to determine their psychosocial development. These assessments are based on the work of:
Erickson
A nurse is reviewing nursing theory for usefulness in a home healthcare setting. Which is the appropriate application of Dorothea Oren's self-care model in a home healthcare setting?
Match the client's self-care needs with appropriate supportive interventions.
Which theory describes, explains, predicts, and controls outcomes in nursing practice?
Nursing theory
A nurse is developing a foreground question for nursing research using PICO model. Which component would be represented by the statement "A 45 year old male with coronary heart disease and A. Fib?"
P
The focus of nursing is always on which common concepts in nursing theory?
Person
The National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) was established following a study in 1983. The center's purpose is to:
Promote research for health promotion
A nurse is planning to participate in a research project and is looking for information about what is already known about the topic. The nurse is involved in which step of the research process?
Scientific literature review
Which nurses would be least likely involved in direct research?
Student and novice nurses
Which types of knowledge are subjective?
Traditional and Authoritative knowledge
"My grandmother always told me to include beans in my diet so that my muscles would grow." This is an example of:
Traditional knowledge
A nurse working in a long-established hospital learned a specific approach to administering IV injections from the previous generation of nurses at the hospital. This is an example of which type of knowledge?
Traditional knowledge
A group of objects with relationships is?
concept
The nurse researcher is aware that the type of variable that can be manipulated in a study is which type of variable?
independent variable
What was the focus of nursing research during the first half of the twentieth century?
nursing education
Evidence-based care emphasizes decision making based on the best available evidence and:
use of outcome studies to guide decisions.
A nurse researcher must decide on the method for conducting the research. The researcher that plans to emphasize collection of numerical data and analysis would select which method of research?
Quantitative research
Which aspect of the nursing research process addresses a client's understanding of the potential risks and benefits of the study?
Undergoing the informed consent process with the client
A novice nurse is sharing a newly published research article which outlines a different approach in preventing a wound infection after surgery with a colleague and states the nurse is going to try this new method. What is the best response from the colleague?
Wait until the method is analyzed to ensure it will be appropriate for their clients
A nurse is writing an article for a nursing journal describing a study of the emergency protocols in a hospital emergency department. What statements accurately describe elements in this process?
-The introduction reviews the literature and states the purpose of the article. -The method section provides details of how the study was conducted. -The results are often presented in words, charts, tables, or graphs.
What are true statements are regarding nursing theory?
-The ultimate outcome for nursing Theory is improved client care. -Nursing theory provides a rationale for the care that nurses provide. -Nursing theories may be descriptive or prescriptive. -Nursing theory provides a focus for care that is delivered to clients.
A community health nurse has been visiting a diabetic client whose morning fasting glucose levels are constantly elevated. Upon further assessment, the nurse determines that the client's spouse does not understand how to prepare meals following the prescribed diabetic diet. Using Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Theory, how can the nurse help meet the needs of this client?
Arrange an evaluation appointment with a dietitian.
What is an example of basic needs theory?
Assisting the client to the bedside commode
The American Nurses Association's Commission on Nursing Education developed guidelines for the investigative function of nurses at different education levels. Which guideline is for a nurse with an associate degree?
Assists in collection of data within an established, structured format.
Knowledge gained from someone with a great deal of perceived experience is which type of knowledge?
Authoritative knowledge
A nurse develops the following foreground question using the PICOT format in preparation for a research study: "In overweight clients, how do chromium supplements compared to no supplements help with weight loss?" Which part of the question reflects the intervention?
Chromium supplements
A nursing theory differs from a theoretical framework in which way?
Concepts and propositions are more specific
What is true of concepts?
Concepts desire objects, properties, and events and the relationship among them.
In selecting sources to include in a literature review for a nursing research project, which would be most helpful?
Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature
The process is considering an idea as a whole and then dividing it into smaller, more specific ideas is?
Deductive reasoning
A child doesn't seem to skip as well as his peers. In planning assessment and care for this child, the nurse would be best served by choosing which theory as a foundation for decision making?
Developmental theory
Which is a focus on med research rather than nursing research? A- prevention of trauma B- promotion of recovery C- health appraisal D- drug metabolism
Drug Metabolism
When looking at a model for evidence-based practice, what is the final step of the process?
Evaluating practice change
Recommending ginger to alleviate nausea and vomiting in obstetric clients based on a literature review, is an example of:
Evidence-based nursing practice
Examining the cause-and-effect relationship between the consumption of tap water containing minimal amounts of bleach, and the incidence of cancer in rats in a laboratory setting is an example of what type of quantitative research?
Experimental research
A nurse is planning to conduct a nursing research study and is seeking federal funding. Which institution would be most helpful for the nurse to contact regarding acquiring funding?
National Institute of Nursing Research
What is the best explanation for the way evidence-based practice (EBP) has changed the way nursing care is delivered?
Nursing care now uses EBP as a means of ensuring quality care.
Which activity systematically inquired about the problems encountered in nursing practice and into the modalities of client care?
Nursing research
Nurses in an ICU noticed that their clients required fewer interventions for pain when the ICU was quiet. They then asked a researcher to design a study about the effects of noise on the pain levels of hospitalized clients. How does this demonstrate the ultimate goal of expanding the nursing body of knowledge?
Nursing research helps improve ways to promote and maintain health.
A group of nurses is planning to investigate the effectiveness of turning immobilized stroke clients more frequently in order to prevent skin breakdown. The team has begun by formulating a PICO question. Which element will the "O" in the team's PICO question refer to?
Preventing skin breakdown
What type of research study would a hospital conduct to explore clients' and families' perceptions and f receiving care?
Qualitative
"I have read a research article about the importance of beans in the Latino diet. The findings from the study suggested that inclusion of meat and beans in the Diet would help in the development of muscles and bones." The information that the client is expressing is known as?
Scientific knowledge
The second step in implementation of evidence-based practice includes systematic review. to complete a systematic review of the literature, what must the nurse do?
Summarize findings from multiple studies that are related to a particular nursing practice
Nursing care now uses evidence based practice as a means of ensuring?
quality care
A group of concepts and the relationships among them is what?
theory
A nurse is reading a journal article about Evidence-Based Practice. The nurse understands that this practice is an outcome of which type of research?
translational