Ch 2: Section 1- History (the Nile Valley)

What was the Egyptians writing system? What did they use to make paper? Explain how it was made.

-heiroglyphics -Papyrus -The first step was to cut the stalks of the plant in the narrow strips. Then the Egyptians soaked the strips and pounded them flat. Then it was left in the air to dry, the strips became stiff. They could then be joined to form a roll of paper.

The Egyptians relied upon the Nile River for water needs. The Nile River is the longest river in the world. The Nile flows for a distance of 4,000 miles. The Nile begins as two separate rivers. What are the names of the two rivers and where do they start?

Blue Nile- Eastern Africa White Nile- Central Africa

Who was the goddess that ruled the Nilw River?

Hapi

What is the land around the Nile delta called?

Lower Egypt

Around 3,100 B.C., Egypt's two major kingdoms were combined into one. ________ also known as Menes, is the king credited for unifying Egypt.

Narmur

Why were Egyptians luckier than the people of Mesopotamia?

Natural barriers protected the cities. Mesopotamia had to fight constantly. As a result, Egyptian civilization was able to grow and prosper.

Why was Egypt called the gift of the Nile?

They drank from it, bathed in it, and used it for farming, cooking, and cleaning. The river provided fish and supported plants and animals. It also provided protection from invaders.

How did members of a family spend time together?

They spent a lot of their time on a rooftop and sometimes even slept there.

Extra amounts of food freed some people to work as ______ instead of farmers.

artisans

The geographic features of the Nile River protected the Egyptians. To the far south, the Nile's dangerous _________ (wild rapids formed by boulders and narrow cliffs) blocked by enemy boats. In the north, the deltas offered no harbors for invaders from the sea. To the west is a vast desert that forms part of the _________, the world's largest desert. It keeps outside armies away from Egypt's territory

cataracts Sahara

The Egyptians had to cope with the river flooding, although they were more ________ and ________ than those of the Tigris and Euphrates. As a result of the regular flooding, the Egyptians were able to farm and live securely. After the floodwaters went down, the farmer were left with a layer of dark, fertile mud called ____. The Egyptians called their land ______ "black lamd."'

dependable and gentle silt Kemet

Members of family passed down the ruling power from father to son to grandson. This line of rulers from one family is called _______.

dynasty

One reason for the Egyptians' succesful farming is because of their use of the Nile's _______.

floods

Egyptians developed technology for their society. For example, they used a _______, a bucket attached to a long pole that lifted water from the Nile to the basins.

shadoof

What was the Egyptian society divided into, based on wealth and power?

social classes