Ch 22-23 H. W. Civs

Which of the following accurately describes the politics of Benjamin Disraeli?

He was active in creating a national political party system and building a mass base of support through conservative policy.

Which of the following accurately describes the politics of Benjamin Disraeli? a. He was not in favor of foreign interventions. b. He did not trust the state to intervene in social policy. c. He was active in creating a national political party system and building a mass base of support through conservative policy. d. He opposed legislation to limit weekly working hours for factory laborers. e. He strongly opposed tariffs and championed free trade.

He was active in creating a national political party system and building a mass base of support through conservative policy.

What event ended the Second Empire of Napoleon III?

The Franco-Prussian War

According to Mrs. Beeton's works, what was the way to a man's heart?

Via the stomach

What technology, first used in wartime during the Crimean War, transformed how history was recorded and how people looked at the world around them?

photography

The Revolutions of 1848 opened up empires by the process of

power vacuums

The Revolutions of 1848 are significant in that they

signaled the beginning of a new era in European politics in which governments would embrace the principles of elective processes for all monarchs.

Great Britain in 1850

suffered from substantial, unsolved social problems.

The French Revolution of 1830 resulted in

the July Monarchy.

In what year was the franchise expanded to include most males in Britain?

1867

How many states are in the German Confederation after the Congress of Vienna, including Austria as the last state?

39

Perhaps ________ percent of all French textile workers were female, contradicting the message of a woman's place being in the home.

45

What tsar was responsible for the emancipation of serfs in Russia?

Alexander II

From what governments did the Ottoman Empire expect support at the outbreak of the Crimean War?

France and Britain

What German businessman was Karl Marx's collaborator and benefactor?

Friedrich Engels

What was the Russian objective in the Crimean War?

Gaining control of warm-water ports in the Mediterranean

The revolutions of central Europe greatly weakened the Austrian dynastic family of ________, leading to the abdication of Emperor Ferdinand I.

Habsburgs

Which of the following does NOT accurately describe the politics of William Gladstone? a. He opposed the concept of a state-funded education system. b. He reformed the army focusing on training and merit. c. To further free trade, he abolished tariffs. d. He was responsible for disestablishment of the Anglican Church in Ireland. e. He opposed state intervention in the economy.

He opposed the concept of a state-funded education system.

Who was restored to the French throne after the Congress of Vienna?

Louis XVIII

Which of the following was a lesson to be learned from the events surrounding the Paris Commune of 1871? a. Patriotism was not a significant factor at the end of the nineteenth century. b. Coercive force ceased to be important in nation-states. c. No revolutionary movement could succeed without having influence on the forces of repression at the state's command. d. Communism as an organizing force for revolution was not a pervasive threat to European national governments. e. Localism remained more powerful as a principle of organization than the newly unified nations.

No revolutionary movement could succeed without having influence on the forces of repression at the state's command.

What technology, first used in wartime during the Crimean War, transformed how history was recorded and how people looked at the world around them?

Photography

Which of the following statements most accurately reflects the political understanding of state builders like Cavour, Napoleon III, and Bismarck?

Politicians had to think in terms of military capability, technological dominance, public opinion, and the use of force.

Which of the following was NOT a result of the devastation of the Irish potato crop beginning in 1845? a. The crisis was relieved by successful programs initiated by the government of the United Kingdom. b. Famine and disease killed more than one million people. c. Potatoes were sent back to Peru where the economy collapsed and started the Latin American Revolution. d. A million Irish people emigrated, though few to the United States. e. The Irish population was reduced by 25 percent in five years.

Potatoes were sent back to Peru where the economy collapsed and started the Latin American Revolution.

Conservatism undertook a much more sinister and reactionary turn in central Europe during the nineteenth century under the leadership of

Prince Klemens von Metternich.

What dominated the arts in the last part of the nineteenth century and went against the Romantic ideals?

Realism

Both Cavour and Bismarck considered themselves

Realists

Bismarck's use of pragmatic and sometimes violent means to advance the interests of Prussia was referred to as

Realpolitik.

Jeremy Bentham's utilitarianism a. argued for human happiness through the "greatest happiness of the greatest number." b. promoted the view that population grew geometrically while food supplies grew arithmetically. c. argued for a pragmatic approach to European statesmanship. d. asserted that wages would stabilize at the subsistence level. e. demanded workers' cooperatives be created in place of a market economy.

a. argued for human happiness through the "greatest happiness of the greatest number."

Like liberalism, conservatism a. represented a dynamic adaptation to a social system in transition. b. rejected political, economic, and social change. c. upheld the status quo. d. upheld the rights of choice and privacy. e. advocated democratic political forms.

a. represented a dynamic adaptation to a social system in transition.

Who of the following did NOT play key roles in Italian unification? a. Mazzini b. Datini c. Garibaldi d. Bismarck e. Cavour

b. Datini

Which of the following was NOT part of the unification of Italy? a. The defeat of Francis II, ruler of the two kingdoms of Sicily b. Garibaldi's seizure of Rome in 1860 c. The cession of Venetia to Victor Emmanuel II in 1866 d. The kingdom of Sardinia's alliance with France in 1858 Selected: e. The rebellion in the kingdom of the Two Sicilies led by Giuseppe Garibaldi This

b. Garibaldi's seizure of Rome in 1860

Which of the following does NOT accurately describe the politics of William Gladstone? a. He reformed the army focusing on training and merit. b. He opposed the concept of a state-funded education system. c. He was responsible for disestablishment of the Anglican Church in Ireland. d. He opposed state intervention in the economy. e. To further free trade, he abolished tariffs.

b. He opposed the concept of a state-funded education system.

All of the following areas were involved in the Revolutions of 1830 EXCEPT a. Belgium. b. Russia. c. Poland. d. Italy. e. Greece.

b. Russia

Napoleon III's empire a. looked to the United States of America for guidance in the Crimean War. b. accomplished significant economic and social advances. c. marked a return to the greatness of Napoleon I. d. carried out a modest, non-aggressive foreign policy. e. was a decadent, glittering façade.

b. accomplished significant economic and social advances.

The March 1871 uprising in Paris and its Commune seemed to confirm one of Marx's predictions that eventually the proletariat would

begin to revolt.

According to Marx and Engels in The Communist Manifesto, history is associated with

class struggles.

After the abolition of serfdom, Russia

created local parliamentary bodies, reorganized the judiciary, and modernized the army.

Which country was not part of the Holy Alliance? a. Russia b. France c. Prussia d. Great Britain e. Austria

d. Great Britain

Which of the following statements BEST illustrates the thought of David Ricardo concerning economics, and especially trade? a. The gold standard of monetary exchange b. The government could achieve positive results through limited and "scientific" intervention. c. Programs favoring social reform for the poor and women's equality d. The "iron law of wages" causes wages to stabilize at the subsistence level. e. The government should launch a vigorous program to alleviate the worst aspects of industrialization.

d. The "iron law of wages" causes wages to stabilize at the subsistence level.

Which of the following BEST describes the means by which Great Britain achieved reform after 1850? a. By autocratic means b. Via a centralized administrative structure with a valued elite of specialists c. Through a socialist agenda of industrial reform d. Through liberal parliamentary democracy e. By disbanding parliament

d. Through liberal parliamentary democracy

John Stuart Mill a. did not work with his wife Harriet Taylor. b. was a romantic poet. c. created the basic concepts of utilitarianism. d. criticized Bentham for the mass tyranny implicit in his ideas. e. embraced practical conservatism.

d. criticized Bentham for the mass tyranny implicit in his ideas.

The single event pushing Russia toward the 1861 reforms was

defeat in the Crimean War.

In England, the call for universal male suffrage in 1838 was the most important demand of the

e. Great Reform Bill.

The potato was ideal for European cultivation for all of the following reasons EXCEPT a. the vegetable could be easily planted and harvested, as it required little to no cultivation. b. it was high in vitamins, minerals, and carbohydrate content. c. it grew well in damp, cool climates, and one acre could support a peasant family of four for a year. d. a potato is a good source of protein and is low in starch. e. it allowed peasants an additional food as their original foods were being paid as taxes to landlords and shipped to China.

e. it allowed peasants an additional food as their original foods were being paid as taxes to landlords and shipped to China.

All of the following were principles that dominated the Congress of Vienna and set the terms of international relations for succeeding generations EXCEPT a. restoring monarchies. b. legitimacy. c. compensation. d. no sanctions. e. self-determination.

e. self-determination.

Giuseppe Mazzini sought not only to unify Italy but was seen as a principal theorist on

nationalism.