Ch. 22 Exam Question: Body Fluids
Low blood pressure
Angiotensin is produced in response to
Respiratory alkalosis
Hyperventilation can result in
Diabetes mellitus
Ketoacidosis is a system associated with
Dehydration
Mr. J has suffered a brain injury, and his thirst center is not functioning properly. Mr. J must ensure he consumes adequate fluids to avoid?
25% serum albumin solution
Ms. S is suffering from edema. Which solution would alleviate this disorder?
Calcium
The cation that plays a major role in bone formation is
Hypothalmus
The first mechanism is controlled by the
Insensible fluid loss
The nurse is assessing residents at a summer picnic at the nursing facility. The nurse expresses concern as a result of the high heat and humidity of the day. Although the facility is offering the residents plenty of fluids for fluid maintenance, what is the nurse most concerned about?
The lungs are not able to blow off carbon dioxide
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and experiencing respiratory acidosis. The client asks what is making the acidotic state. The nurse is most correct to identify which result of disease process that causes the rise in pH?
A hot dog with catsup
The nurse is caring for a client prescribed a low-sodium diet. Which food, identified as a client favorite, with the nurse discourage? A) Grilled chicken sandwich with mayo B) A natural fruit salad with nuts C) A hot dog with catsup D) Fresh grilled tune entree with fresh asparagus
Hypocalcemia
The nurse is caring for a client who has been admitted with a possible clotting disorder. The client is complaining of excessive bleeding and bruising without cause. The nurse knows to take extra care to check for signs if bruising or bleeding in what condition?
Elevated blood pressure
The nurse is caring for a client with heart failure with signs of hypervolemia. Which vital sign is indicative of the disease process?
Lungs and kidney
The nurse is caring for a client with multiple organ failure and in metabolic acidosis. Which pair of organs is responsible for regulatory processes and compensation?
Intracellular fluid
The nurse is caring for a geriatric client in the home setting. Due to geriatric changes decreasing thirst, the nurse is likely to see a decrease in which fluid location that contains the most body water?
A 52 year old with diarrhea
The nurse is caring for four clients on a medical unit. The nurse is most correct to review which clients laboratory reports first for an electrolyte imbalance?
Active transport
The nurse is correct to state that a clients body needs to have adequate nutrition to maintain energy. Which type of transport of dissolved substances requires adenosine triphosphate(ATP)?
Bases bind with hydrogen
The nurse is instructing on the body's negative feedback loop to ensure homeostasis to a group of students. Which action by bases keeps the blood pH nearly neutral?
Eye
The vitreous and aqueous humors are found in the
It increases the kidneys sodium retention.
Which of the following is true of aldosterone? A) It stimulates urine production B) It increases the kidneys sodium retention. C) It is secreted from the pituitary gland. D) It acts on osmoreceptors to stimulate thirst.
it is secreted when water intake is too low.
Which of the following is true of antidiuretic hormone? A) It is secreted when water intake is too low. B) It regulates acid-base balance. C) It stimulates the urine production. D) It increases bone formation
It constitutes approximately 1% of a persons body weight
Which of the following is true of lymph? A) It constitutes approximately 1% of a persons body weight B) None of the answers are correct C) It is found inside cells D) It is particularly rich in potassium ions.
Increased blood osmolarity
Will activate a thirst center?
Many
the prefix in polydipsia means
No, sodium intake should be restricted
A 64 year old client is brought in to the clinic feeling thirsty with dry, stick mucous membranes; decreased urine output; fever; a rough tongue; and is lethargic. Serum sodium level is above 145 mEq/L. Should the nurse start salt tablets when caring for this client?
Osmoreceptor
A receptor that monitors the concentration of extracellular fluid is a(n)
Chronic obstructive disease
Can lead to respiratory acidosis
Pulmonary edema
Congestive heart failure often results in
Aldosterone
In Addisons disease, a failure of the adrenal cortex, electrolyte imbalance results from a deficiency of
Sodium chloride
Normal saline contains
Bicarbonate
The emergency department (ED) nurse is caring for a client with a possible acid-base imbalance. The physician has ordered an arterial blood gas (ABG). What is one of the MOST important indications of an acid-base imbalance that is shown in an ABG?
Intracellular
The fluid compartment that makes up about two-thirds of all body fluid is
distal tubule and afferent arteriole
The juxtaglomerular apparatus consists of cells in the
Aldosterone
The juxtaglomerular apparatus synthesizes
Potassium
The main cation in intracellular fluid is
Phosphate
The most abundant anion in the plasma membrane is
2500 mL
The nursing instructor is discussing with the nursing class about fluid and electrolyte balance. What would the instructor tell the students that the average daily fluid intake for an adult is?
2.5 qt
What approximate volume of water should the average person consume in food and drinks?
Active transport
What is one process by which dissolved chemicals move from one area of the body to another?
the plasma carbon dioxide concentration
Which of the following is NOT directly influenced by the kidney? A) The plasma carbon dioxide concentration B) The plasma calcium concentration C) The plasma sodium concentration D) Fluid volume
All of the answers are correct
Which of the following keeps blood pH relatively constant? A) Changes in the rate and depth of breathing B) All of the answers are correct C) Buffer system C) Plasma protiens
