Ch 24 (euro)

What was the Boxer Rebellion?

A rebellion of traditionalist Chinese patriots who wished to expel all Westerners from China

What is "Orientalism"?

A term used by modern scholars to describe the way Westerners misunderstood and described colonial subjects and cultures

_ are the descendants of the Dutch settlers in the Cape Colony in southern Africa.

Afrikaners

What was "nativism" in the nineteenth century?

Beliefs and policies that gave preferential treatment to established inhabitants over immigrants

How was the flow of goods directed around the globe in the nineteenth century?

By new communication systems, such as the telegraph, that could direct ships from port to port

_ is the use or threat of military force to coerce a government into economic or political agreements.

Gunboat diplomacy

_ was the restoration of the Japanese emperor to power in 1867, leading to the subsequent modernization of Japan.

Meiji Restoration

The following is an excerpt from Henry Labouchère's "The Brown Man's Burden": "Pile on the brown man's burden; And if ye rouse his hate, Meet his old-fashioned reasons With Maxims up to date. With shells and dumdum bullets A hundred times made plain The brown man's loss must ever Imply the white man's gain." What does the passage imply is the true advantage of Westerners over non-Europeans?

Military technology

_ is a term coined by literary scholar Edward Said to describe the way Westerners misunderstood and described colonial subjects and cultures.

Orientalism

How did the building of railroads in Latin America, Asia, and Africa facilitate Western economic interests as opposed to regional economic interests?

Railroad lines connected resource-rich inland cities to seaports to facilitate Western trade but did not link inland cities to each other.

Which of the following best describes the motivation reflected in the political cartoon above?

The search for raw materials and markets for manufactured goods

What distinguished imperialism in the late nineteenth century from historical patterns of colonization dating back to the fifteenth century?

The search for raw materials and markets for manufactured goods drove Europeans to colonize.

How were governments able to use empires to ease social tensions and domestic political conflicts in the nineteenth century?

They encouraged the masses to savor foreign triumphs as examples of national glory and prestige.

What was the goal of the New Imperialism of the late nineteenth century?

To create large political empires

The typical European immigrant was

a small farmer or rural craftsperson.

What was the principle by which the European powers established their claim to an African territory after the Berlin Conference in 1884 and 1885?

a. Effective occupation b. Annexation c. Military subjugation

Which of the following pieces of evidence best illustrates a late nineteenth-century effect of the actions shown in the cartoon above?

b. Diplomatic tensions and competition among European states strained the alliance system. d. Extreme nationalist parties in Europe rose to prominence and focused on anti-immigration policies.

What was China required to do in the Treaty of Nanking (1842) that ended the first Opium War?

b. Open up four large cities to unlimited foreign trade with low tariffs

What did the Western world hope to achieve through the global economic system?

b. The largest share of gains from trade, technology, and migration would flow to the West and its propertied classes.

he following is an excerpt from Rudyard Kipling's "The White Man's Burden": "Take up the White Man's burden, And reap his old reward The blame of those ye better The hate of those ye guard The cry of those ye humor (Ah, slowly!) toward the light: 18Why brought ye us from bondage, Our loved Egyptian night?'" Kipling's poem implies that non-Europeans are likely to

b. resent efforts to help them.

Rudyard Kipling's "white man's burden" referred to

b. the white race's supposed duty to civilize inferior, nonwhite races.

The policy of colonial expansion is a political and economic system...that can be connected to three sets of ideas: economic ideas; the most far-reaching ideas of civilization; and ideas of a political and patriotic sort. In the area of economics, I am placing before you...the considerations that justify the policy of colonial expansion, as seen from the perspective of a need, felt more urgently by the industrialized population of Europe and especially the people of...France: the need for outlets [that is, for exports]... We must say openly...the higher races have a right over the lower races... I repeat, that the superior races...have the duty to civilize the inferior races... - Jules Ferry, Speech before the French Chamber of Deputies, 1884 Wh . Which of the following was least significant in facilitating the process supported by Ferry?

c. Diplomatic tensions among European states strained alliance systems.

The policy of colonial expansion is a political and economic system...that can be connected to three sets of ideas: economic ideas; the most far-reaching ideas of civilization; and ideas of a political and patriotic sort. In the area of economics, I am placing before you...the considerations that justify the policy of colonial expansion, as seen from the perspective of a need, felt more urgently by the industrialized population of Europe and especially the people of...France: the need for outlets [that is, for exports]... We must say openly...the higher races have a right over the lower races... I repeat, that the superior races...have the duty to civilize the inferior races... - Jules Ferry, Speech before the French Chamber of Deputies, 1884

c. Imperialism generated wars among rival European nations.

To what extent did the New Imperialism result in economic gains and why?

c. The economic gains were limited because the new colonies were too poor to buy European goods and offered few immediately profitable investments.

Question 5 The following is an excerpt from Rudyard Kipling's "The White Man's Burden": "Take up the White Man's Burden Send forth the best ye breed Go, bind your sons to exile To serve your captive's need; To wait, in heavy harness, On fluttered folk and wild Your new-caught sullen peoples, Half devil and half child." Kipling's poem implies that non-Europeans are

more like wild animals than civilized humans.

The following is an excerpt from a speech by Henry Cabot Lodge on immigration reform: "[I]t is on the moral qualities of the English-speaking race that our history, our victories, and all our future rest. There is only one way in which you can lower those qualities or weaken those characteristics, and that is by breeding them out. If a lower race mixes with a higher in sufficient numbers, history teaches us that the lower race will prevail. . . . The lowering of a great race means not only its own decline, but that of civilization. . . ." Lodge believed that unrestricted interracial sexual relations would result in

the decline of civilization.

The following is an excerpt from a speech by Henry Cabot Lodge on immigration reform: "[I]t is on the moral qualities of the English-speaking race that our history, our victories, and all our future rest. There is only one way in which you can lower those qualities or weaken those characteristics, and that is by breeding them out. If a lower race mixes with a higher in sufficient numbers, history teaches us that the lower race will prevail. . . . The lowering of a great race means not only its own decline, but that of civilization. . . ." Lodge believed that moral qualities

were inherent characteristics of each race.

The _ the idea that Europeans could and should civilize more primitive nonwhite peoples and that imperialism would eventually provide nonwhites with modern achievements and higher standards of living.

white man's burden