CH. 24 Group 3

The primary functions of intestinal juices include which of the following? All of the listed responses are correct. to assist in buffering acids to dissolve digestive enzymes and the products of digestion to moisten the chyme

all of the listed responses are correct to assist in buffering acids

The small, slender structure that is attached to the large intestine and is suffused with lymphoid nodules is the __________. appendix taenia coli ileum cecum

appendix

Which of the following is NOT a region of the small intestine? Cecum Duodenum Jejunum Ileum

cecum

The numerous transverse folds in the small intestine that serve to increase the surface area for absorption are the __________. -circular folds (plicae cicrulares) -teniae coli -haustra -rugae

circular folds (plicae cicrulares)

The reflex that occurs in the rectum and promotes the movement of feces toward the anus is the ___________ defecation reflex micturition reflex cephalic reflex haustral reflex

defecation reflex

There are some obvious bends in the colon that you don't see in the small intestine. What are the names of these bends? Flexures Haustra Taenia coli Villi

flexures

What are the pouches that give the colon its typical appearance? Haustra Rugae Plica circulares Flexures

haustra

The muscular sphincter that guards the opening between the ileum and the cecum is the ____________ ileocecal valve cardiac sphincter pyloric sphincter gastrointestinal sphincter

ileocecal valve

Which of the following is NOT true of the microbiome? Produce vitamin C Produce vitamin K Produce biotin Produce vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid)

Produce vitamin C

How does the mucosa of the distal rectum compare with that of the colon and the cecum? -The colon and the cecum are lined with a simple columnar epithelium for absorption, whereas the distal rectum is lined with a stratified squamous epithelium because the rectum is next to the opening to the exterior of the body. -The colon and the cecum are lined with a simple cuboidal epithelium for absorption, whereas the distal rectum is lined with a transitional epithelium, which allows for expansion during defecation. -The colon and the cecum are lined with a simple columnar epithelium, whereas the distal rectum is lined with a stratified columnar epithelium. -The epithelial lining is constant throughout the large intestine.

The colon and the cecum are lined with a simple columnar epithelium for absorption, whereas the distal rectum is lined with a stratified squamous epithelium because the rectum is next to the opening to the exterior of the body

Which peptide hormone causes the secretion of insulin from the pancreatic islets? GIP GTP VIP CCK

GIP

What is the hormone secreted by the small intestine that dilates capillaries in the small intestine area? VIP CCK GIP Enterocrinin

VIP

Which hormone is secreted when chyme, especially when it's rich in lipids and partially digested proteins, enters the duodenum? CCK Secretin Gastrin VIP

CCK

What is the average composition of fecal waste material? -75 percent water, 5 percent bacteria, and 20 percent indigestible materials, inorganic matter, and epithelial remains -20 percent water, 5 percent bacteria, and 75 percent indigestible remains and inorganic matter -60 percent water, 10 percent bacteria, and 30 percent indigestible and inorganic matter -45 percent water, 45 percent indigestible and inorganic matter, and 10 percent bacteria

75 percent water, 5 percent bacteria, and 20 percent indigestible materials, inorganic matter, and epithelial remains

Which of the following are NOT absorbed in the large intestine? -All of the listed substances are absorbed in the large intestine. -Organic wastes, such as urobilinogens -Water -Certain vitamins, such as vitamin K

All of the listed substances are absorbed in the large intestine.

What is the correct sequence of parts in the colon moving from the small intestine to the anus? -Cecum; ascending colon; transverse colon; descending colon; sigmoid colon; rectum -Ascending colon; descending colon sigmoid colon; transverse colon; cecum; rectum -Cecum; descending colon; transverse colon; ascending colon; rectum -Cecum; transverse colon; ascending colon; descending colon; sigmoid colon; rectum

Cecum; ascending colon; transverse colon; descending colon; sigmoid colon; rectum

What is the main stimulus that triggers the defecation reflex? Distension of the rectum Chemical composition of the feces Material passed into the cecum Sympathetic stimulation

Distension of the rectum

The primary effect of secretion is to _________ -increase the secretion of bile and buffers by the liver and the pancreas -increase gastric motility and secretory rates -decrease duodenal submucosal secretions -decrease the release of bile from the gallbladder into the duodenum

increase the secretion of bile and buffers by the liver and the pancreas

The plicae of the intestinal mucosa, which bears the intestinal villi, are structural features that ________ -increase the total surface area for absorption -initiate enterogastric reflexes that accelerate the digestive process -provide for gastric contractions that churn and swirl the gastric contents -stabilize the mesenteries attached to the dorsal body wall

increase the total surface area for absorption

The hormone gastrin _____________ -increases the activity of the parietal and chief cells -inhibits the activity of the muscularis externa of the stomach -is secreted by the pancreatic islets -is produced in response to sympathetic stimulation

increases the activity of the parietal and chief cells

Fatty acids and lipids are absorbed into the ____________ found in each villus of the small intestine. lacteal capillaries ileoceal valve duodenal ampulla

lacteal

Which of the following produces, on a daily basis, the least number of peristaltic contractions that force food through the digestive tract? Large intestine Esophagus Small intestine Stomach

large intestine

Villikinin, motilin, and somatostatin are produced in the __________. small intestine fundus of the stomach pancreas salivary glands

small intestine

The two positive-feedback loops involved in the defecation reflex are __________ -the stretch receptors in the rectal walls and the sacral parasympathetic system -the anal canal and the anal columns -the internal and the external sphincter muscles -mass movements and peristaltic contractions

the stretch receptors in the rectal walls and the sacral parasympathetic system

What is perhaps the most important function of the large intestine? Water reabsorption Digestion Nutrient absorption Storage

water reabsorption