Ch 24: Nutrition quiz
Insulin promotes all of the following except ______. a. gluconeogenesis b. protein synthesis c. glycogenesis d. lipogenesis
a
Metabolic acidosis can result from an accumulation of ______ in the blood. a. ketones b. triglycerides c. carbon dioxide d. chylomicrons
a
Which of the following is not one of the three main processes that occurs during protein metabolism? a. Beta oxidation b. Oxidative deamination c. Transamination d. Keto acid modification
a
Which of the following occurs in the cytoplasm? a. Glycolysis b. The Krebs cycle c. The electron transport chain d. Oxidative phosphorylation
a
Which of the following substances does not suppress appetite and increase satiety? a. Neuropeptide Y b. Leptin c. Insulin d. Cholecystokinin
a
All of the following are pathways of glucose catabolism except ______. a. glycolysis b. gluconeogenesis c. the Krebs cycle d. the electron transport chain
b
All of the following foods are rich in minerals except ______. a. vegetables b. olive oil c. milk d. legumes
b
During lipolysis a. lipids are metabolized to yield ATP b. triglycerides are broken down into glycerol and fatty acids c. triglycerides are converted into molecules of acytel-CoA d. lipids are formed from excess carbohydrates
b
Glucose molecules are combined to form glycogen in a process called ______. a. gluconeogenesis b. glycogenesis c. glycogenolysis d. glycolysis
b
Lipogenesis occurs when a. glucose levels drop slightly b. cellular ATP and glucose levels are high c. there is a shortage of fatty acids d. excess proteins are transported through the cell membrane
b
The end product of glycolysis is ______. a. glucose b. pyruvic acid c. ATP d. fructose-6-phosphate
b
This mineral is the most abundant mineral in the human body. a. Iron b. Calcium c. Sodium d. Potassium
b
Which of the following is an essential fatty acid? a. Triglyceride b. Linoleic acid c. Leucine d. Tyrosine
b
Which of the following is the critical factor influencing BMR? a. Age b. Body surface area c. Weight d. Gender
b
Which vitamin in extreme excess causes liver damage? a. Biotin b. Niacin c. Ascorbic acid d. Tocopherol
b
A negative nitrogen balance would be present in which situation? a. Pregnancy b. Growth c. Starvation d. All of the above
c
All of the following statements are true of redox reactions except ______. a. oxidized substances may gain oxygen b. oxidized substances may lose hydrogen c. reduced substances lose energy d. redox reactions are catalyzed by enzymes
c
An excess of this nutrient has been linked to bone loss. a. Glucose b. Saturated fat c. Protein d. Vitamin A
c
Most vitamins are used as ______. a. fuel b. building blocks c. coenzymes d. hormones
c
The primary function of cellular respiration is ______. a. to synthesize proteins b. to store energy c. to produce ATP d. to provide oxygen to the cells
c
This mineral is widely distributed in our plasma and tissue fluid (extracellular fluid). a. Iron b. Calcium c. Sodium d. Potassium
c
Which of the following are lipids that are routinely used for energy? a. Phospholipids b. Steroids c. Triglycerides d. Amino acids
c
Which of the following is a lipid that is not used for energy? a. Triglyceride b. Fatty acid c. Cholesterol d. Saturated fat
c
Which of the following is a product of catabolism? a. Oxygen b. Proteins c. Heat d. Oxygen and heat
c
Which of the following is a substance that transports cholesterol to the liver for degradation? a. Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) b. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) c. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) d. Chylomicron
c
A cation that is essential for muscle contraction, nerve function, and blood clotting is a. selenium b. magnesium c. sodium d. calcium e. potassium
d
If you were in a desert without a food source, which nutrient would you like to have stored in your body in a large amount? a. glycogen b. protein c. calcium d. fat
d
The liver produces about ______ of blood cholesterol. a. 15% b. 20% c. 80% d. 85%
d
The nutrient used almost exclusively for ATP production is ______. a. amino acids b. fatty acids c. fructose d. glucose
d
What is the four-carbon molecule that starts the Krebs cycle? a. Acetyl CoA b. Pyruvic acid c. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate d. Oxaloacetic acid
d
What percent of energy released from catabolism is lost as heat? a. 20 b. 50 c. 30 d. 60 e. 40
d
Which of the choices below happens during the absorptive state? a. no metabolism occurs b. only glucose metabolism occurs c. catabolic processes exceed anabolic ones d. anabolic processes exceed catabolic ones
d
Catabolism of protein is not a practical source of quick energy because of all of the following except that a. extensive destruction of protein would threaten homeostasis at the cellular and organismal levels b. one of the by-products of protein catabolism is a toxin c. proteins are more difficult to break apart than lipids or carbohydrates d. the energy yield from protein is less than the yield from lipids e. most cells do not contain the enzyme necessary to break the peptide bonds
e