ch. 27

A young female wears her lap belt too​ low, over her upper​ thighs, because the belt is uncomfortable when worn properly. If she is involved in a​ head-on "up and​ over" type of​ collision, to which injury is she most​ prone, given the position of her lap​ belt? A. ​Tibia-fibula fractures B. Dislocated hips C. Internal abdominal injury D. Bilateral arm fractures

B. Dislocated hips

On what factor does the pattern of tertiary phase injuries​ depend? A. Mass B. Distance and point of impact C. Direction D. Velocity

B. Distance and point of impact

You are first on the scene of a​ two-car motor vehicle collision. Two patients are entrapped in one vehicle. In the other​ vehicle, there is a male driver complaining of chest pain. During this​ time, your primary concern​ is: A. Calling for additional help B. Ensuring personal safety C. Determining severity of injuries D. Triaging the patients

B. Ensuring personal safety

Which of these is a​ high-velocity wound that carries the greatest risk for death when considering the concept of​ cavitation? A. Stab wound to the liver B. Gunshot wound to the spleen C. Shotgun wound to the lung D. Gunshot wound to the stomach

B. Gunshot wound to the spleen

Speed being​ equal, which impact is most likely to damage muscles and ligaments of the​ neck? A. Rear impact B. Lateral impact C. They are all about the same. D. Frontal impact

B. Lateral impact

Which statement best characterizes the capabilities of a Level III trauma​ center? A. The hospital will provide any emergency surgical services to a trauma patient and then transfer the patient once stable B. The hospital has some surgical capabilities to help trauma​ patients, but will generally stabilize and them and still arrange transfer C. The hospital can handle most trauma​ patients, but will transfer those who require specialty care for specific injuries such as neurologic trauma D. The hospital can manage all trauma patients and​ injuries, 24 hours a​ day, 7 days a week

B. The hospital has some surgical capabilities to help trauma​ patients, but will generally stabilize and them and still arrange transfer

The amount of kinetic energy that a moving body contains is based on its mass​ and: A. location. B. velocity. C. viscosity. D. friction.

B. velocity.

During an​ in-service program focusing on care of the trauma​ patient, the medical director asks if anyone can correctly describe the​ "platinum 10​ minutes." What statement by a participant is the best​ response? A. ​"EMS should spend 10 minutes assessing the patient for​ life-threatening injuries prior to initiating transport to the emergency​ department." B. ​"EMS should initiate transport of the critically injured trauma patient to the hospital within 10 minutes of arriving on​ scene." C. ​"If the transport to a trauma center will exceed 10​ minutes, EMS should strongly consider the use of an aeromedical​ helicopter." D. ​"EMS systems should be designed so that it takes an ambulance no longer than 10 minutes to respond to a trauma​ call."

B. ​"EMS should initiate transport of the critically injured trauma patient to the hospital within 10 minutes of arriving on​ scene."

The EMT understands the importance of evaluating the mechanism of injury when he​ states: A.​ "The mechanism of injury is useful in determining the exact injuries the patient has​ sustained." B. ​"The mechanism of injury can be used to guide the​ EMT's injury assessment and treatment of the​ patient." Your answer is correct. C. ​"The mechanism of injury is a useful tool in determining whether the​ patient's outcome will be good or​ bad." D. ​"Evaluating the mechanism of injury is important because it determines whether emergency transport to the hospital is​ needed."

B. ​"The mechanism of injury can be used to guide the​ EMT's injury assessment and treatment of the​ patient."

While conducting field triage of injured​ patients, which of the following special considerations indicates a need for transport to a trauma​ center? A. Eye injuries B. Age greater than 45 years of age C. Emergency medical service​ (EMS) provider judgment D. Pregnancy greater than 10 weeks

C. Emergency medical service​ (EMS) provider judgment

What is the first act of patient care that should be performed on the multisystem trauma​ patient? A. Establish a patent airway. B. Control external hemorrhage. C. Establish spinal stabilization. D. Provide oxygenation.

C. Establish spinal stabilization.

A hospital with what trauma care rating is MOST likely to attempt stabilization of critical trauma patients before transporting them to a facility with​ higher-level trauma​ capabilities? A. Level I B. Level X C. Level IV D. Level V

C. Level IV

A​ patient, who was constructing a bomb in his​ basement, has sustained a​ secondary-phase blast injury. Which presentation would the EMT most likely observe from this blast​ phase? A. Complaint of nausea after inhaling fumes B. Burns to the​ head, neck, and chest C. Screwdriver impaled in the thorax D. Headache and shortness of breath

C. Screwdriver impaled in the thorax

Which of the following vital signs indicates the need for transport to a trauma​ center? A. Glasgow Coma Scale score of 14 or less B. Respiratory rate less than 12 C. Systolic blood pressure less than 90 D. Pulse rate greater than 90

C. Systolic blood pressure less than 90

You should have a high index of suspicion for critical injury in which of the following motor vehicle​ collisions? A. Intrusion of 6 inches into the passenger compartment B. Injury to a second occupant C. Vehicle telemetry indicating seatbelts were in use D. Patient with altered mental status

D. Patient with altered mental status

You arrive at the scene where a young male patient fell out of a tree he was climbing. Although he fell from a lower​ branch, he was still reportedly​ 10-12 feet in the air when he fell. The patient landed on his side on the ground. Which element of the kinematics of trauma would explain the mechanism of any injuries he may have​ sustained? A. Terminal mass B. Rapid acceleration C. Terminal velocity D. Rapid deceleration

D. Rapid deceleration

Which definition would accurately describe a Level III trauma​ center? A. A general hospital with some surgical capability and a commitment to special staff training and resource allocation for trauma patients B. A facility that has surgical care capability available at all times for incoming trauma patients and can handle all but the most seriously injured specialty and multisystem trauma patients C. Usually a university teaching center that is prepared and committed to handle all types of specialty trauma and can provide​ neurosurgery, microsurgery, pediatric​ care, and care for multisystem trauma D. A facility where seriously injured trauma patients may be taken for stabilization and care before​ transport, often by​ helicopter, to a more​ distant, higher-level trauma center

A. A general hospital with some surgical capability and a commitment to special staff training and resource allocation for trauma patients

As blunt impact abruptly halts a portion of the body and inertia causes the remaining anatomy to continue its​ motion, one tissue or organ is pushed into another. What type of injury is​ this? A. Compression injury B. Shearing injury C. Rupture injury D. Stretch injury

A. Compression injury

Emergency Medical Responders have removed an intoxicated and confused patient from a car that struck another vehicle at a high rate of speed. The patient was unrestrained and his car did not have air bags. Assessment reveals deformity bilaterally to the hips and femurs and bruising to the knees. Based on this injury​ pattern, the EMT would recognize which type of injury​ mechanism? A. Down and under B. Lateral impact C. High velocity D. Up and over

A. Down and under

Which piece of information would you provide to a group of young teenage drivers to decrease their chance of suffering a​ "whiplash"-type injury if involved in a motor vehicle​ collision? A. Ensure that the head rest is properly positioned B. Make sure the car has​ side-door air bags C. Position the​ car's seats in a full upright position D. Properly wear seat belts with a headrest in the down position

A. Ensure that the head rest is properly positioned

In dealing with the victim of multisystem​ trauma, which item should receive your initial​ attention? A. Establishing a patent airway B. Providing appropriate fluid resuscitation C. Stopping any serious external hemorrhage D. Ensuring adequate oxygenation and ventilations

A. Establishing a patent airway

As part of your service to the​ community, you are certified as a car seat specialist and provide monthly classes on the safe transport of infants and children. Over the course of one​ day, several cars have pulled into your EMS station and asked you to look at their car seats. Which car seat position would indicate that the parent is safely transporting his or her infant​ (younger than 1 year​ old)? A. Facing backward in the back seat in a reclined position​ (45 degrees) B. Facing forward in the back seat in an upright position​ (60 degrees) C. Facing backward in an upright position in the front seat​ (45 degrees) D. Facing forward in the back seat in a reclined position​ (60 degrees)

A. Facing backward in the back seat in a reclined position​ (45 degrees)

Which injury is most​ serious, warranting immediate and rapid transport to the local trauma​ center? A. Instability and crepitus to the left lateral chest wall B. Open fracture to the left lower leg C. Deformity to the right ankle with pain rated as a​ 10/10 D. ​Large, deep laceration to the arm with bone visible

A. Instability and crepitus to the left lateral chest wall

What type of energy is stored in a moving​ body? A. Kinetic B. Acceleration C. Velocity D. Inertia

A. Kinetic

Which of the statements concerning trauma is most​ accurate? A. Multisystem trauma has a higher mortality rate than​ single-system injuries B. The mechanism of injury is the best predictor of patient outcome C. Falls are the leading cause of trauma deaths D. A​ "spider web" or​ "star" pattern of cracks on the windshield means the patient impacted the windshield with his head

A. Multisystem trauma has a higher mortality rate than​ single-system injuries

Which statement is CORRECT about motor vehicle crashes involving rotational impact or a​ rollover? A. Multisystem trauma is common in rollover crashes. B. Vehicles with a high center of gravity are less likely to roll over than other vehicles. C. Crush injuries are less likely to occur to ejected occupants than to occupants who remain in the vehicle. D. Injuries from rotational crashes are easily predictable when compared to other types of impacts.

A. Multisystem trauma is common in rollover crashes.

In treating the victim of multisystem​ trauma, what should be addressed after gaining control of the airway and​ ventilation? A. Significant hemorrhage B. Body immobilization C. Rapid transport to a trauma center D. Severe fractures

A. Significant hemorrhage

As you pull up to a motor vehicle​ collision, you quickly scan the scene for clues as to the type and severity of injuries. Which observation would best indicate that a patient may have a head​ injury? A. Starburst on the windshield B. Blood on a​ patient's clothing C. ​Frontal-type collision D. Air bag deployment

A. Starburst on the windshield

You are assessing a male patient who was stabbed three times in the chest and abdomen. As you begin your primary​ assessment, you note the patient to have a decreased level of consciousness and gurgling respirations. Your next action would be​ to: A. Suction the airway B. Obtain an SpO2 reading C. Apply a cervical collar D. Check his pulse

A. Suction the airway

A male patient has sustained gunshot wounds to the neck and abdomen. He is unresponsive and has gurgling respirations. Your immediate action would be​ to: A. Suction the airway while providing manual spine motion restriction B. Place a cervical collar and position the patient on a long board C. Insert a nasal airway and place the patient on a long backboard D. Start positive pressure ventilation and then place a cervical collar and maintain manual spine motion restriction

A. Suction the airway while providing manual spine motion restriction

In a frontal​ collision, at what rate does the occupant continue​ forward? A. The rate of the vehicle B. A rate slower than that of the vehicle C. ​None, since the driver has already stopped D. A rate faster than that of the vehicle

A. The rate of the vehicle

If you were hit by a rock thrown at a velocity of 1 foot per​ second, then hit by the same rock thrown at 2 feet per​ second, the rock that was thrown at 2 feet per second would​ be: A. four times as harmful as the rock thrown at 1 foot per second because velocity is squared. B. half as harmful as the rock thrown at 1 foot per second because the impact area is greater. C. twice as harmful as the rock thrown at 1 foot per second. D. equally harmful as the rock thrown at 1 foot per second because the mass is equal.

A. four times as harmful as the rock thrown at 1 foot per second because velocity is squared.

When a projectile breaks into smaller​ pieces, increasing the amount of damage to the​ body, this process is called A. fragmentation. B. dissipation of energy. C. cavitation. D. force of impact.

A. fragmentation.

Hospitals that do not have a trauma center designation but that focus on specific areas of trauma​ expertise, such as burns or spinal cord​ injury, are: A. specialty centers. B. focused care centers. C. defined scope centers. D. ​extended-care facilities.

A. specialty centers.

In a motor vehicle​ collision, the impact of the victim within the passenger compartment is​ called: A. the body collision. B. a tertiary collision. C. an additional impact. D. a deceleration impact.

A. the body collision.

The path or motion of a projectile during its travel is​ called: A. trajectory. B. acceleration. C. velocity. D. profile.

A. trajectory.

Being struck by a bullet is likely more traumatic than being stabbed by a knife blade due​ to: A. velocity. B. trajectory. C. inertia. D. mass.

A. velocity.

A patient has been stabbed with a knife at the fifth intercostal space on the right side of the chest in an attempted suicide. Assessment reveals him to be short of breath and coughing. Which question is it most important for the EMT to ask regarding the​ weapon? A. ​"How long was the knife​ blade?" B. ​"Did you push the knife in slowly or​ quickly?" C. ​"Did the knife penetrate your chest​ easily?" D. ​"Was the knife clean or​ dirty?"

A. ​"How long was the knife​ blade?"

Approximately what percentage of trauma victims are multisystem trauma​ patients? A. ​10% B. ​90% C. ​75% D. ​50%

A. ​10%

What type of motorcycle impact results in the rider traveling into the​ handlebars? A. ​Head-on B. Angular C. Laying the bike down D. Ejection

A. ​Head-on

Cavitation is a term that is typically associated with which type of​ trauma? A. ​High-velocity penetrating trauma B. ​High-velocity blunt trauma C. ​Low-velocity blunt trauma D. ​Low-velocity penetrating trauma

A. ​High-velocity penetrating trauma

At what height does a fall become severe enough for an adult to necessitate trauma services based solely on the mechanism of​ injury? A. 10 feet B. 20 feet C. 25 feet D. 30 feet

B. 20 feet

Two cars have collided​ head-on. One car was traveling at a speed of 55 mph and the other at 35 mph. The total speed of impact would​ be: A. 35 mph B. 90 mph C. 20 mph D. 55 mph

B. 90 mph

Which statement is CORRECT about acceleration and​ deceleration? A. If an​ out-of-control truck strikes a stopped car from​ behind, the sudden deceleration of the car will cause the body of the​ car's driver to be jerked out from under the head and neck. B. A faster change in speed results in more force exerted. C. Acceleration and deceleration are not factors in determining force of impact. D. If two cars of the same weight and speed​ stop, one by gradual braking and the other by suddenly striking a telephone​ pole, they exert the same force.

B. A faster change in speed results in more force exerted.

After assessing these​ patients, which would the EMT identify as suffering from multisystem​ trauma? A. A​ 31-year-old female who has a large laceration to her leg from a hunting​ knife, with bleeding controlled B. A​ 61-year-old male who became dizzy and fell down five​ stairs, and who has a laceration to the head and open fracture of the left lower leg C. A​ 24-year-old male who slipped on ice and has tenderness to the right shoulder D. An​ 89-year-old female who fell in a nursing home and has a hematoma to the back of her head

B. A​ 61-year-old male who became dizzy and fell down five​ stairs, and who has a laceration to the head and open fracture of the left lower leg

A​ 27-year-old male was involved in an altercation and was struck in the ribs with a baseball bat. Assessment reveals intact skin with bruising to the right lateral chest. When palpating this​ area, pain,​ instability, and crepitus are all observed. The patient also complains of difficult and painful breathing. The EMT would​ recognize: A. Pulmonary injury caused by penetrating trauma B. Chest injury caused by blunt trauma C. Thoracic injury secondary to penetrating trauma D. Chest wall injury caused by acceleration forces

B. Chest injury caused by blunt trauma

What damage is MOST common when a person falls on outstretched​ arms? A. ​Mid-shaft humerus fracture B. Colles fracture C. Elbow dislocation D. Rotator cuff injury

B. Colles fracture

What is the best description of the goal of a trauma​ system? A. Transporting as many patients as possible by air medical transportation B. Getting the right patient to the right facility in the right amount of time C. Providing all trauma patients with a complete battery of diagnostic tests and access to specialists D. Providing the highest level of care possible within a​ 10-minute transport time frame for all patients

B. Getting the right patient to the right facility in the right amount of time

A patient with severe head and neck pain states that he was properly wearing his seat belt when another car struck him from behind. As a knowledgeable​ EMT, you would realize that the complaint​ of: A. Head pain suggests that he was not wearing the seat belt properly B. Head and neck pain could occur even when the seat belt is properly worn C. Head and neck pain indicates that the lap belt was worn without the shoulder harness D. Head and neck pain indicates that he was not wearing his seat belt

B. Head and neck pain could occur even when the seat belt is properly worn

What is the term for maintaining suspicion about the types of injuries a patient may have even though the patient presents as very​ stable? A. Sense of injury potential B. High index of suspicion C. Mild feeling of certainty D. Interpretation of bodily forces

B. High index of suspicion

What trauma center designation is given to a regional trauma​ center, usually a university teaching center that is prepared and committed to handle all types of specialty​ trauma? A. Level II B. Level I C. Primary trauma center D. Resource support center

B. Level I

You arrive on the scene of a motorcycle accident and find an unresponsive male patient lying in the middle of the road with blood coming from his ears and nose. He was not wearing a helmet and has snoring respirations. Which sequence of events would be most appropriate in the care of this​ patient? A. Full spine motion restriction​ procedures, transfer to the​ ambulance, provide all assessment and care en route to the​ hospital, with total scene time of 7 minutes B. Primary​ assessment, airway and ventilatory​ management, oxygen​ administration, spine motion restriction​ precautions, transport within 10 minutes of arriving on scene C. Primary​ assessment, spine motion​ restriction, transfer to the ambulance after 8 minutes of scene​ time, all other care provided en route D. Primary​ assessment, oxygen​ administration, transfer to​ stretcher, transport within 5 minutes of arriving on scene with spine motion restriction precautions done en route

B. Primary​ assessment, airway and ventilatory​ management, oxygen​ administration, spine motion restriction​ precautions, transport within 10 minutes of arriving on scene

A patient has been critically hurt in a nighttime motor vehicle collision. She was wearing a seat belt and hit a tree at 70 mph. The car she was driving weighed 2 tons and was equipped with air bags that did deploy. Which factor had the greatest impact on the injuries she​ sustained? A. Deployment of air bags B. Speed of the vehicle at impact C. Nighttime conditions D. Weight of the vehicle

B. Speed of the vehicle at impact

A​ 49-year-old male has been stabbed in the lower right chest. Police tell you that the patient got into an argument with an unidentified​ man, who then stabbed him before fleeing the scene. After assessing the​ patient, you are suspicious that the knife punctured the lung and is causing internal bleeding. In this​ situation, the mechanism of injury would​ be: A. Assailant with a knife B. Stab wound to the right chest C. Penetrating trauma to the lungs D. Internal hemorrhage

B. Stab wound to the right chest

Assessment of a patient involved in a motor vehicle accident reveals him to have crepitus to the left​ humerus, instability to the left lateral chest wall and​ flank, and pain on palpation to left hip region. The patient also complains of pain to the right side of the neck. Based on this injury​ pattern, the EMT would recognize the patient​ was: A. The passenger in a car hit from behind B. The driver of a car hit on the​ driver's side C. An unrestrained rear seat occupant in a car struck from the right side D. An unrestrained driver involved in a​ head-on collision

B. The driver of a car hit on the​ driver's side

An unrestrained female driving a small car is involved in a​ rollover-type collision. Why is her risk for serious injury or death significantly​ increased? A. The risk for ejection is​ lessened, increasing injuries suffered in the car B. There are more impacts in a rollover causing injury C. Rollovers are the result of high speeds D. Smaller and lighter cars tend to roll multiple times

B. There are more impacts in a rollover causing injury

The mechanism of injury refers to​ how: A. fast the car was going. B. a person was injured. C. far the patient fell. D. many injuries the patient has sustained.

B. a person was injured.

In a​ rear-end collision, a headrest that is in the fully down​ position: A. does not affect the severity of a whiplash injury. B. can increase the severity of a whiplash injury. C. protects the driver from a secondary collision. D. can decrease the severity of a whiplash injury.

B. can increase the severity of a whiplash injury.

In a​ foot-first fall, flexing of the knees can result​ in: A. fractures of the spine. B. preservation of the rest of the skeletal system. C. fractures of the pelvis. D. fractures of the hips.

B. preservation of the rest of the skeletal system.

You are treating a​ 36-year-old female patient who was involved in a motor vehicle crash. She was not wearing a seat belt. A bystander states that the patient was initially unconscious at the scene before your arrival. There is no apparent external trauma aside from a bruise on the front of her head. Is this a patient who is a high priority for rapid​ transport? A. ​No; she is a relatively young person and has no external bleeding. B. ​Yes, because of the altered mental status and closed head injury. C. ​No; she is alert and answering your questions at this point. D. ​Yes, because of the damage to the vehicle.

B. ​Yes, because of the altered mental status and closed head injury.

Regarding the field triage of injured​ patients, which of these patients is NOT a member of a special patient population that would necessitate transport to a trauma​ center? A. A female patient with a suspected brain injury from a fall who also takes prescribed anticoagulants B. A male patient with a broken femur and burns to 25 percent of his body after jumping from a​ second-story window of a house that was on fire C. A female patient who is 12 weeks pregnant and who fell on the​ sidewalk, injuring her hip and wrist D. A​ 70-year-old male patient with a systolic blood pressure of 104 mmHg after wrecking his car into a tree

C. A female patient who is 12 weeks pregnant and who fell on the​ sidewalk, injuring her hip and wrist

Why is the exit wound of a bullet always larger than the entry​ wound? A. When the bullet enters the​ dermis, it breaks into many small pieces that travel in different directions. As these bullet pieces pass out of the​ body, they destroy a wide path of tissue. B. As the superheated metal of the bullet proceeds through the​ skin, it burns away all tissue that it touches. The heat destruction radiates into a tubular shape along the trajectory of the​ bullet, causing the​ bullet's exit to be larger than its entrance. C. As the​ bullet's energy dissipates into​ flesh, its kinetic energy is transferred to the tissues. This causes exit wounds that are much larger than entry wounds. D. As the bullet enters the​ skin, it flattens​ out, or​ "mushrooms," increasing its surface area.​ Thus, when it exits the​ body, it displaces more tissue than it did when it entered. This creates the larger exit wounds.

C. As the​ bullet's energy dissipates into​ flesh, its kinetic energy is transferred to the tissues. This causes exit wounds that are much larger than entry wounds.

In what form of trauma does the energy exchange cause a chain reaction within various body tissues that​ crush, stretch, and tear their​ structures, resulting in injury at and beneath the​ skin's surface? A. Inertial trauma B. Penetrating trauma C. Blunt trauma D. Kinetic trauma

C. Blunt trauma

You are assessing a patient who was involved in a motorcycle accident. He states that he saw an oncoming car and​ "laid the bike​ down" to avoid an outright collision. He was wearing a helmet. Which injury pattern would make sense given the action of the​ motorcyclist? A. Angulation to both femurs with protrusion B. Bilateral broken forearms with upper extremity trauma C. Burn to the inside of the leg from the motorcycle exhaust pipe D. ​"Road rash" to the entire body surface

C. Burn to the inside of the leg from the motorcycle exhaust pipe

A patient who was involved in a motor vehicle collision is complaining of neck pain. Which piece of information would most contribute to the​ EMT's high index of suspicion that the patient may have suffered more significant injuries beyond isolated neck​ pain? A. Lack of air bags in the car B. Difficulty turning is head to the right C. Death of the​ car's driver D. External damage to the car is significant

C. Death of the​ car's driver

You are responding to a call for a​ 4-year-old child hit by a car. When assessing this​ child, which injury patterns would you recognize as typical based on the​ child's age and mechanism of​ injury? A. Head injury with deformities to both upper arms and neck trauma B. Bilateral ankle​ deformity, contusions to the​ back, and face trauma C. Deformed​ femurs, bruises to the chest and​ abdomen, and head injury D. Left arm and leg​ deformities, and head injury

C. Deformed​ femurs, bruises to the chest and​ abdomen, and head injury

A car has been hit​ head-on by another vehicle at a moderate rate of speed. Seat belts were in place and the air bags deployed. The patient complains of chest pain. Quick observation reveals a bruise to his sternum. The EMT should​ immediately: A. Deflate the air bag to get breath sounds B. Suspect an injury related to the air bag C. Lift the air bag and check for steering wheel deformity D. Check the windshield for starring

C. Lift the air bag and check for steering wheel deformity

An​ 8-year-old boy fell forward off of a swing onto outstretched arms. He did not hit his head or lose consciousness and is complaining of left forearm pain. There is deformity to the left​ wrist, but no other injuries or life threats. His vital signs are pulse 132​ beats/min, respirations 20​ breaths/min, blood pressure​ 108/62 mmHg, and SpO2​ 100%. The proper care of this patient would be​ to: A. Apply supplemental oxygen and anatomically splint the forearm when the patient is placed on a long backboard B. Immediately load and transport the​ patient, splinting the injury en route C. Secure the forearm to a padded board splint and apply a cold pack to the injury site before transporting the patient nonemergently D. Call ALS so that the patient can be given intravenous pain medications before splinting the forearm

C. Secure the forearm to a padded board splint and apply a cold pack to the injury site before transporting the patient nonemergently

When teaching Emergency Medical Responders about air​ bags, which point would you​ emphasize? A. Properly placed air bags eliminate the need for seat belts B. Air bags prevent broken glass from striking the occupant C. The benefit of air bags is lessened in a​ multiple-vehicle collision impact D. Air bags are effective in decreasing injury in a​ rollover-type collision

C. The benefit of air bags is lessened in a​ multiple-vehicle collision impact

A​ car, driven by an unrestrained​ male, strikes a utility pole at 35 mph. Given this​ scenario, which would be​ true? A. The energy transferred to the body is increased by a factor of 2 B. The patient struck the steering wheel at a combined speed of 70 mph C. The internal organs struck the inside of the body at a speed of 35 mph D. The utility pole absorbed half of the kinetic​ energy, so that the body collision occurred at a speed of 17.5 mph

C. The internal organs struck the inside of the body at a speed of 35 mph

When caring for the victim of a motor vehicle​ collision, the EMT should suspect critical injuries if there​ was: A. only a solo occupant. B. another passenger ejected. C. another occupant killed. D. more than one person injured.

C. another occupant killed.

Injuries that result from the pressure wave of the blast​ are: A. tertiary phase injuries. B. secondary phase injuries. C. primary phase injuries. D. quaternary phase injuries.

C. primary phase injuries.

The MOST common and serious primary phase injuries produced from a blast​ are: A. head injuries. B. oxidation. C. pulmonary injuries. D. severe lacerations.

C. pulmonary injuries.

In a motorcycle​ collision, burns are most commonly associated​ with: A.continued operation of the engine. B. ignition of the fuel tank. C. the leg being caught between the motorcycle and the ground. D. friction from the slide.

C. the leg being caught between the motorcycle and the ground.

You are hosting a discussion on injury prevention when a participant asks you if you believe that helmets for motorcyclists truly make a difference. You would respond by​ saying: A. ​"Helmets have been shown to prevent motorcycle​ accidents." B. ​"A motorcycle helmet decreases the chance of permanent spinal​ injury." C. ​"Motorcycle helmets decrease the risk of death when the rider is involved in a​ collision." D. ​"Wearing a helmet decreases the chance of being ejected from a​ motorcycle."

C. ​"Motorcycle helmets decrease the risk of death when the rider is involved in a​ collision."

A bullet fired from a gun at close range passes through the​ patient's liver.​ However, on​ autopsy, the coroner discovers that the​ man's pancreas,​ stomach, and gallbladder were also​ injured, even though not in direct contact with the bullet. As a knowledgeable​ EMT, you would recognize that which mechanism is responsible for injuries to these additional​ organs? A. Profile impact B. Drag force C. Blunt injury D. Cavitation

D. Cavitation

You have arrived on the scene of an explosion in a warehouse used to store fertilizers. A​ paramedic, who has already triaged the nine patients​ involved, directs you to a young man sitting under a tree. The man states that he is having excruciating ear pain. The initial assessment and rapid trauma assessment reveal no obvious injuries. Given this​ presentation, the EMT would recognize the injury was likely​ sustained: A. As a result of exposure to superheated air B. From the noise of the explosion C. After the secondary blast phase D. During the primary blast phase

D. During the primary blast phase

A teenage female patient was ejected from a car as it rolled down a hill after she ran off the road. She is​ responsive, but with signs of early shock and respiratory distress. She has bruising to her anterior abdomen and​ chest, a laceration to her left​ temple, and deformity to her left wrist. At which point should the wrist injury be​ splinted? A. Prior to full spinal motion restriction precautions being provided B. Before transferring the patient to the stretcher C. Just before leaving the scene D. En route to the hospital

D. En route to the hospital

Which of the following indicates the need to limit scene time to 10​ minutes? A. Bilateral tibia fractures B. Femur fracture C. Respiratory rate of​ 25/minute D. Hypoxia

D. Hypoxia

A patient who was restrained in his car was involved in a​ head-on collision. Despite his not contacting any internal structure in the​ car, he sustained a myocardial contusion. What law of motion describes this​ injury? A. Motion B. Deceleration C. Acceleration D. Inertia

D. Inertia

What is the term for an evasive action on the part of a motorcycle rider that is designed to prevent ejection and separation of the driver from the bike in an impending​ collision? A. Positive evasion B. Ejection prevention C. Side swiping D. Laying the bike down

D. Laying the bike down

Which action has the highest priority in treating the multisystem trauma​ patient? A. Primary assessment B. Circulation C. Airway D. Life threats that were identified during the general impression

D. Life threats that were identified during the general impression

An unrestrained driver of a car that has struck a tree at 45 mph has suffered a contusion to his heart. The EMT would recognize that this injury occurred during which impact of the​ collision? A. Body collision B. Physiological collision C. Vehicle collision D. Organ collision

D. Organ collision

What is the best description of the​ "platinum 10​ minutes" as it applies to care of the trauma​ patient? A. The target maximum time that the multisystem trauma patient should spend in the emergency department before being transferred to surgery B. The goal for total amount of time from the actual injury to arrival of EMS at the scene C. The time it should take the transporting ambulance to get the trauma patient to the closest medical facility D. The target maximum scene time for EMS as it applies to the seriously injured trauma patient

D. The target maximum scene time for EMS as it applies to the seriously injured trauma patient

You arrive on the scene of a motor vehicle collision with multiple patients. Which of the following indicates a need for transport to a trauma​ center? A. Systolic blood pressure of 98 B. Bilateral wrist fractures C. Open femur fracture D. Unstable pelvis

D. Unstable pelvis

The three types of impacts associated with motorcycle collisions are​ head-on, ejection,​ and: A. rear. B. frontal. C. flip. D. angular.

D. angular.

Injuries that are received during the secondary blast phase are caused​ by: A. heat or burn injuries. B. personnel displacement. C. overpressure wave. D. blast projectiles.

D. blast projectiles.

As a​ high-speed projectile enters the​ body, it can create a pressure wave that extends damage beyond the bullet pathway. This is​ called: A. expanding pathway. B. fragmentation. C. rotational impact. D. cavitation.

D. cavitation.

The​ "blown outward" appearance of a bullet exit wound is the result​ of: A. the bullet and hot gases. B. damage by the bullet forcing debris and bodily contents out of the wound. C. the bullet and displaced bone fragments. D. damage by the bullet and the cavitational wave.

D. damage by the bullet and the cavitational wave.

The branch of mechanics that deals with the movements of bodies is called A. velocity. B. movement. C. kinematics. D. kinetics.

D. kinetics.

When triaging a​ patient, of the​ following, you should first assess​ the: A. anatomy of the injury. B. mechanism of the injury. C. system considerations. D. level of consciousness.

D. level of consciousness.

Acceleration and deceleration are measures​ of: A. velocity. B. mass. C. energy. D. rate.

D. rate.

The​ "platinum 10​ minutes" refers to​ limiting: A. Response time. B. assessment time. C. transport time. D. scene time.

D. scene time.

The first point of impact in​ head-first falls is​ typically: A. the shoulders. B. the crown of the head. C. the face. D. the arms.

D. the arms.

A bullet fired from a gun does more damage than a knife propelled by a human hand​ because: A. the bullet is traveling on its​ own, whereas a knife blade is controlled by a hand. B. the area of impact from the bullet is smaller than that of a knife blade. C. a bullet fired from a gun can momentarily have more mass than a knife blade. D. the bullet strikes the body at a higher velocity.

D. the bullet strikes the body at a higher velocity.

Vehicle collisions are a common mechanism of injury. It is important to​ remember: A. that​ high-speed collisions do not result in any more serious injuries than​ medium- or​ low-speed collisions. B. that the death of an occupant of a vehicle usually means that the occupant absorbed most of the energy and other occupants will be less seriously injured. C. that mass is a key factor in mechanism of injury. D. to maintain a high index of suspicion if any passenger appears confused.

D. to maintain a high index of suspicion if any passenger appears confused.

A​ 23-year-old roofer has fallen 20 feet from the roof of a house into shrubs below. Aside from superficial abrasions and complaint of​ soreness, you detect no obvious injuries.​ Consequently, the patient states that as long as his legs are not​ broken, he does not see the need to go to the hospital. As a knowledgeable​ EMT, your best response would​ be: A. ​"Since you did not lose​ consciousness, I feel better about having you refuse. Just keep an eye on your feet and watch for​ swelling." B. ​"Although you feel okay​ now, you will most likely be sore later on. Why​ don't we go to the hospital and ask about some medications for​ pain?" C. ​"Since this is a​ work-related injury, you should really be evaluated in the hospital.​ Worker's compensation may not cover you if you do​ not." D. ​"In a fall from this​ height, you may have hurt some internal organs. You really need to be​ examined."

D. ​"In a fall from this​ height, you may have hurt some internal organs. You really need to be​ examined."

A​ "whiplash"-type neck injury is most often observed with which type of​ collision? A. Ejection B. Rollover C. Frontal impact D. ​Rear-end impact

D. ​Rear-end impact

Head injuries and chest injuries such as flail​ chest, blunt cardiac​ injury, and aortic tears commonly result from which pathway in an automobile​ collision? A. ​Down-and-under pathway B. Ejection pathway C. Restrained pathway D. ​Up-and-over pathway

D. ​Up-and-over pathway