Ch 3 Attitudes and Job Satisfaction

organizational citizenship

Employees with strong POS, job involvement and psychological empowerment are positively related to organizational citizenship OCB, this is discretionary behavior that is not part of an employee's formal job requirements but contributes to the psychological and social environment of the workplace

4 Types of job satisfaction

Enthusiastic stayers Reluctant stayers Enthusiastic leavers (planning to leave) Reluctant leavers(not planning to leave but should leave)

four employee responses to dissatisfaction.

Exit Voice Loyalty Neglect

Job satisfaction and relation to income level

Money has greater impact on job satisfaction in lower income people with the threshold of at least $30,000 (askabout 40,000 in book) being where satisfaction is no lover dependent on money

job satisfaction

a positive feeling about one's job resulting from an evaluation of its characteristics

Voice

active + constructively attempting to improve conditions, including suggesting improvements, discussing problems with superiors, and undertaking some forms of union activity.

Exit

active - leaving the organization, including looking for a new position as well as resigning.

cognitive dissonance +

an incompatibility between two or more attitudes or between behavior and attitudes Festinger proposed that cases of attitude following behavior illustrate the effects of cognitive dissonance. Any form of inconsistency is uncomfortable so we will change our behavior or attitude to fit the situation. US car example.

employee engagement

an individual's involvement with, satisfaction with, and enthusiasm for the work he or she does The degree of involvement with, satisfaction with, and enthusiasm for the job. Engaged employees are passionate about their work and company.

behavioral component +

an intention to behave in a certain way toward someone or something. Im looking for other work as a result and complained about my supervisor to anyone who will listen All three lead to negative attitude toward supervior

attitudes +

evaluative statements or judgements concerning objects, people, or events are evaluative statements - either favorable or unfavorable - about objects, people, or events. They reflect how we feel about something.

job involvement

how involved they are and feel it is important to the world the degree to which a person identifies with a job, actively participates in it, and considers performance important to self-worth

core self-evaluations (CSEs)

how people feel deep down about their overall worth, capabilities and competence believe in their inner worth and basic competence (are more satisfied with their job compared to those with negative core eval ppl)

what leads to job satisfaction

like the work you did the people you work with Interesting jobs that provide training, variety, independence, and control positively correlated with: life satisfaction-> attitudes and experiences in life spill over into your job approaches and experiences feedback social support and interaction with co-workers outside the workplace

Loyalty

passive + optimistically waiting for conditions to improve, including speaking up for the organization in the face of external criticism and trusting the organization and its management to "do the right thing."

Neglect

passive - allows conditions to worsen and includes chronic absenteeism or lateness, reduced effort, and increased error rate.

organizational commitment

the degree to which an employee identifies with a particular organization and its goals and wishes to maintain membership in the organization Identifying with a particular organization and its goals and wishing to maintain membership in the organization. Theoretical models propose that employees who are committed will be less likely to engage in work withdrawal even if they are dissatisfied, because they have a sense of organizational loyalty.

POS (perceived organizational support)

the degree to which employees believe an organization values their contribution and cares about their well-being Degree to which employees believe the organization values their contribution and cares about their well-being. Higher when rewards are fair, employees are involved in decision making, and supervisors are seen as supportive. POS is related to OCBs, performance, and tardiness

affective component +

the emotional or feeling segment of an attitude and is reflected in the statement "I am angry over how little i'm paid" This can lead to a behavioral component. I dislike my supervisor

cognitive component +

the opinion or belief segment of an attitude. A description of or belief in the way things are and you realizing a situation that will set off thoughts and behaviors . It sets the stage for more critical part of an attitude--> Affective component My supervisor gave a promotion to an coworker who deserved it less than me. My supervisor is unfair.

psychological empowerment

they feel they are contributing employees' belief in the degree to which they affect their work environment, their competence, the meaningfulness of their job, and their perceived autonomy in their work