Ch 4-Elevators

Escalators

90-120 ' per minute Stop button at top or bottom Can move treads backwards by hand

Freight elevator

12x14', carry 3 tons slower and stop at all floors unless overridden

fBreaching shaft wall

Last resort Look for acces panels (may be covered) Make hole the size of the whole door

Traction type electric elevator

Traction sheave replaces winding drum (still counterweights) Speed based on size of sheave and speed of motor less weight and machinery Faster and taller than drum type usually in roof or top of shaft

Blackouts

Turn all power switches to of Extricate passengers

Drum-type electric elevator

Cable from car to drum to counterweight Drum is worm grooved for lateral cable movement Operating machinery in basement or roof Max 150' lift, slow, more space, not used

Doors general

Car: cab door Lobby: Hoistway door All cabs stop if door is opened Powered by unit on top of the cab

Door types

Center opening Two speed: one door moves twice as fast Single slide Swing hall: can be manual or powered and have gate

Brakes

Centrifugal force generator prevents overspeed (20% above top speed) For high speed wedges used to gradually jam in and slowly stop

Earthquake

Cut main line power to all elevators and aux switches Check equipment for damage before removing passengers remember aftershocks

Adjacent car rescue

Cut power to broke elevator Hit emergency switch on both and climb up the emergency hatch

Emergency side exit

Cut power to inoperative elavator Place adjacent and deactivate emergency stop button in both 16" wide 5' tall

Elevator types

Electric Hydraulic

Controls

Fire service post 1973 (should be separate from bld master key)

Two types of traction elevators

High speed direct traction or gearless: slow speed DC motor brake wheel on motor shaft Geared: high speed motor geared to traction sheave through worm gears with a brake wheel between gears and motor

Elevator parts

Hoistway, car, cables, counterweights, vertical tracks, emergency brakes, electrical motor and winding drum

Hydraulic elevators

Hydraulics replace cable and sheaves Limit 6 stories Old: water and may use cables, counterweights; new: oil In basement: relay panel and hydraulic power unit

Hoistway access

If equipped with opening use a lunar key to deactivate locking mechanism (works in or outside of door lock zone)

Air bag open

Insert haligan at top of door, insert small airbag, this will break locks

Glossary

Pg 79

Fire in shaft

Usually debris; main hazard is smoke Bring car to as close as the fire as possible

Fire in machinery room

Usually the driving motor Cut power by main line disconnect and auz power switches Avoid water if possible

Door operation

Within a few inches power unit moves car door open, pickup arm contacts rollers on hoistway door, releasing door latch and opening it

Moving hydraulic elevators

cut power locate bleeder valve in the power unit (raising, lowering and leveling valves) remove knurled nut open valve partially (never fully) till you hear liquid flowing

Moving electric elevators

cut power need two personnel in the control room pry open the friction brake between caliper and spring on both sides of the brake rotate shaft with pipe wrench to move

Phase I mode

in lobby key to on position calls elevators nonstop to the lobby doors open and stay there key can be removed and used inside the cab some do automatically when smoke detector goes off

Phase II mode

inside cab move to on position can now be used manually must press door close and open buttons bypass position returns cab to normal operation

Number of elevator mfg

over 60

Gib blocks

plastic, placed every 18 inches floor above cut out the gib blocks push in the bottom of the door to see what's wrong below operate levers with pike pole from above

Rescue

put FF in equipment room and floor of stopped elevator establish voice contact (injuries? if not no forcible extrication) have passengers verify emergency stop not tripped tell them to press door open button tell them to open the door manually if not, machinery room FF should check circuits (turn off for 30s for system to reset) use the recall key slot cut power if attempting rescue