ch 41 self-concept

Learning Objective 4. Identify six variables that influence self-concept.

Altered Health Status Experience Developmental considerations Culture Internal and external resources History of success and failure Crisis or life stressors Aging, illness, or trauma

body image

Body image is an attitude about one's physical attributes and characteristics, appearance, and performance. Body image is dynamic because any change in body structure or function, including the normal changes of growth and development, can affect it.

helping pt's maintain sense of self

Communicate worth with looks, speech, and judicious touch. Acknowledge patient status, role, and individuality. Speak to patient respectfully. Offer simple explanations for procedures. Move patient's body respectfully if necessary. Respect patient's privacy and sensibilities. Acknowledge and allow expression of negative feelings. Help patients recognize strengths and explore alternatives.

self-knowledge

Global self: is the term used to describe the composite of all basic facts, qualities, traits, images and feelings one holds about oneself. It includes: 1. Basic facts: sex, age, race, occupation, cultural background, sexual orientation 2. Person's position with social groups 3. Qualities or traits that describe typical behaviors, feelings, moods and other characteristics (generous, hot-headed , ambitious, intelligent, sexy

role

Role refers to a set of expected behaviors determined by familial, cultural, and social norms.

self-evaluation

Self esteem is the evaluative and affective component of self concept Maslow's Subsets of Esteem Needs: 1. Self-esteem (strength, achievement, mastery, competence, ..) 2. Respect needs or the need for esteem from others

Learning Objective 5. Use appropriate interview questions and observations to assess a patient's self-concept. Assess the client's strengths to be used as a foundation on which to build therapeutic interventions.

• Maintain appropriate relationships • Care for self in order to meet basic needs • Adapt to stressors in a positive manner

Learning Objective 6. Develop nursing diagnoses to identify disturbances in self-concept (body image, self-esteem, role performance, personal identity). • With your study group develop nursing diagnoses that identify disturbances in self-concept as the problem or disturbances in self-concept as the etiology. Brainstorm with your study group to develop a list of sample diagnoses for both concepts.

Disturbed Body Image Parental Role Conflict Disturbed Personal Identity Ineffective Role Performance Chronic Low Self-Esteem Situational Low Self-Esteem Disturbed Personal Identity Anxiety Social Isolation Hopelessness Powerlessness

self-expectations

Expectations for self flow from various sources. The ideal self constitutes the self one want to be. Self expectations develop unconsciously early in childhood and are based on image of role models such as parents

Learning Objective 8. Plan, implement, and evaluate nursing care related to select nursing diagnoses for disturbances in self-concept. • With your study group how would you help high-risk patients maintain a sense of self and modify a negative self-concept.

Initiate Therapeutic Interaction Support Healthy Defense Mechanisms Ensure Satisfaction of Needs • Physical needs • Psychosocial needs

self-ideal

Self-Ideal is the perception of behavior based on personal standards and self-expectations. Self-ideal serves as an internal regulator to support self-respect and self-esteem.

stages in development of self:

Self-awareness (infancy) Self-recognition (18 months) Self-definition (3 years) Self-concept (6 to 7 years)

Learning Objective 2. Describe major steps in the development of self-concept.

Self-concept evolves throughout life and depends to an extent on an individual's developmental level.

Learning Objective 1. Identify three dimensions of self-concept: self-knowledge, self-expectations, and self-evaluation (self-esteem). • Self-concept is the mental image or picture of self, which has the power to either encourage or thwart personal growth. • Note that self-concept includes four components: personal identity, body image, self-esteem, and role performance. Discuss the dimensions of self-knowledge ("Who am I?"), self-expectation ("Who or what do I want to be?"), and self-evaluation ("How well do I like myself?").

Self-concept is an individual's perception of self and is what helps make each individual unique. Positive and negative self-assessments in the physical, emotional, intellectual, and functional dimensions change over time. Self-concept affects the ability to function and greatly influences health status. Self-knowledge — "Who am I?" Self-expectation — "Who or what do I want to be?" Social self - How person perceived by others? Self-evaluation — "How well do I like myself?"

self-esteem

Self-esteem is the judgment of personal performance compared with the self-ideal. Self-esteem is derived from a sense of giving and receiving love, and being respected by others. The level of self-esteem is dependent upon the self-perception of adequate role performance in these various social roles.