Ch 5 Osseus Tissue and Bone Structure; HW Principles of Anatomy

Which of the following is true of the periosteum?

It contains Sharpey's fibers, which are perforating collagen fibers that help bond tendons to bones.

Which of the following describes spongy bone?

It contains struts and plates of bone with open spaces between them to house blood-producing cells or adipocytes.

______________ produce the osteoid that makes up the organic portion of bone matrix. When they become trapped within gaps in this matrix, they are known as osteocytes.

Osteoblasts

How do the functions of the osteoclasts and osteoblasts differ?

Osteoclasts dissolve bone matrix, whereas osteoblasts deposit bone matrix into the bones.

If a bone were to lose calcium but retain its level of collagen, how would the bone be affected?

The bone would become more flexible but less strong.

The shaft of a long bone is known as the __________.

diaphysis

While taking an anatomy practical, Joey looks at an x-ray film of the hand and sees epiphyseal lines. He can correctly say that the x-ray film is from an individual who __________.

had metacarpals and phalanges that weren't going to grow any longer

In endochondral ossification, a hyaline cartilage model is converted into bone tissue by the activity of osteoblasts. Which of the following bones is formed in this manner?

humerus

The endosteum __________.

is active when a bone break is being repaired

The skeletal system provides ______________________

leverage for body movements

The formation of dermal bones begins when aggregated mesenchymal cells differentiate and begin producing osteoid. These aggregations where bone formation gets started are known as _____________.

ossification centers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

production of melanin

Which of the following is found within each epiphysis?

secondary ossification center

Which of the following would lead to epiphyseal closure?

slower cartilage formation and faster osteoblast activity

Intramembranous ossification initially produces spongy bone tissue, which is composed of struts known as __________________. Channels between these struts allow the passage of blood vessels.

spicules

The skeletal system protects __________________

the brain and spinal cord