ch. 53 and 56 mastering biology

Which equation represents the logistic growth rate of a population? Hints ΔNΔt=rN ΔNΔt=(rmax)(N) {(K−N)/K} ΔNΔt=(rmax)(N) r=b−d

ΔNΔt=(rmax)(N) {(K−N)/K}

Assume there are 200 MendAliens living on an island in my back yard. If my island has an area of 20 hectares, what is the population density of MendAliens in terms of MendAliens per hectare? 4,000 MendAliens per hectare 200 MendAliens per hectare 0.1 MendAliens per hectare 10 MendAliens per hectare 4 MendAliens per hectare

10 mendAliens per hectare

You are doing a mark-recapture experiment to determine the population size of the MendAliens living on an island in my back yard. Initially, you catch and mark 130 MendAliens, which you then release. Next, you capture 90 MendAliens, of which 20 are marked. What is your estimate of the population size of MendAliens living on the island in my back yard? 130 29 585 234,000 14

585

Which of the following is the best statement regarding the graph of atmospheric CO2 concentrations? Atmospheric CO2 concentrations have increased by more than 15% over the past 50 years. There has been negligible change in atmospheric CO2 concentrations over the past 50 years. Atmospheric CO2 concentrations have increased by more than 100% over the past 50 years. There has been a catastrophic increase in atmospheric CO2 concentrations over the past 50 years.

Atmospheric CO2 concentrations have increased by more than 15% over the past 50 years.

What are population dynamics? Regular fluctuations in the population size of some animals. Changes in populations through time. Proportion of individuals at each possible age. Number of individuals born each year in a population.

Changes in populations through time.

Which of the following statements about density-independent growth is true? Hints Density-independent growth is also known as exponential growth. Density-independent growth can continue indefinitely in nature. A population that is experiencing density-independent growth levels off at the environment's carrying capacity. The per-capita rate of increase may exceed rmax during density-independent growth.

Density-independent growth is also known as exponential growth.

Which of the following statements about a population experiencing logistic growth is true? Hints If the K and N values are similar, the amount of available resources is high. If N is less than K, the population will not grow. If N is greater than K, the population will shrink. If the K and N values are far apart, the population will grow very slowly.

If N is greater than K, the population will shrink.

The average age of childbearing in country A is 26, whereas the average age in country B is 30. In each country, the average number of offspring per woman is 3. Which of the following statements about the population growth rate in each country must be true? Hints The population growth rate in country A is lower than in country B. The population growth rate in country A is higher than in country B. It is not possible to compare the population growth rates of countries A and B. The population growth rates in countries A and B are the same.

It is not possible to compare the population growth rates of countries A and B.

Which factor does not affect a habitat's carrying capacity? Hints Number of nesting sites. Maximum number of individuals in a population. Availability of food. Intensity of predation.

Maximum number of individuals in a population.

Which of the following statements about age pyramids is true? Age distribution in less-developed countries is bottom-heavy, indicating that these populations are dominated by the very old. Populations in developed countries grow more quickly than populations in less-developed countries. Predictions of a population's future take into account such factors as increasing survivorship and fecundity levels that remain the same. Age distribution in developed countries shows an hourglass pattern, with the greatest numbers of people being either very young or very old.

Predictions of a population's future take into account such factors as increasing survivorship and fecundity levels that remain the same.

In 1970, the average age of childbearing was 28, and the average number of offspring per woman was 3 in a certain country. In 1980, the average age of childbearing was still 28, but the average number of offspring per woman was 2 in that country. If the death rate in the country remained constant during those years, how did the population growth rate change from 1970 to 1980? Hints It is not possible to determine the population growth rate. The population growth rate stayed the same. The population growth rate decreased. The population growth rate increased.

The population growth rate decreased.

Which of the following is the best statement regarding the graph in Step 2 showing atmospheric CO2 and surface temperature changes over the past 50 years? This data set is meaningless because CO2 concentrations and surface temperatures are constantly fluctuating over geologic time scales. The data demonstrate that, in spite of increases in CO2 concentrations, there has only been a minimal rise in average surface temperatures. This data set represents the strongest evidence available for anthropogenic global warming. This data is consistent with the hypothesis that increased atmospheric concentrations of CO2 may be causing an increase in average surface temperature

This data is consistent with the hypothesis that increased atmospheric concentrations of CO2 may be causing an increase in average surface temperature

Under which of the following conditions would a population most likely experience exponential growth? Hints Habitat with limited resources. Environment with a low carrying capacity. Large number of individuals in the starting population. Young populations with few individuals.

Young populations with few individuals.

Which processes increase a population's size? Hints Births and deaths. Deaths and emigration. Births and immigration. Deaths and immigration.

births and immigration

Carbon moves from living organisms to an abiotic reservoir during the process of ______________

cellular respiration

The "geo" in biogeochemical refers to _______________--specifically, to the abiotic reservoirs where a chemical element can be found.

earth

As a chemical element moves through a biogeochemical cycle, it moves between "bio" and "geo." The "bio" in biogeochemical refers to biotic reservoirs, or ________________.

living organisms

Carbon moves from an abiotic reservoir to living organisms during the process of ______________.

photosynthesis

Which of these would NOT contribute to a global increase in temperature? deforestation increasing the use of gasoline-burning vehicles increasing the industrial release of carbon dioxide planting trees increasing the amount of animal life on Earth

planting trees

In a biogeochemical cycle, a chemical element spends time in different places, called ______________-

reservoirs.

The mark-recapture method would be best for sampling a population of _____. oysters maple trees rose bushes wheat sharks

sharks

Switching from fossil fuels to _____ energy would significantly decrease the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. solar nuclear geothermal solar and geothermal solar, nuclear, and geothermal

solar, nuclear, and geothermal

In the terrestrial carbon cycle, the abiotic reservoir from which living organisms directly obtain their carbon is ________________.

the atmosphere

True or false? Factors that determine the per capita rate of increase of a population include the age of breeding and the number of offspring produced each year. Hints True False

true

True or false? The growth rate of a certain population increases very quickly for a time and then levels off to zero. The most likely reason that the growth rate leveled off to zero is that the environment reached its carrying capacity. Hints True False

true